Compositions, methods and uses for cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizing

ABSTRACT

The present specification discloses a composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and one or more disinfectants, a composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine, one or more disinfectants and one or more surfactants, a composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and one or more surfactants, a composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of one or more guanide-containing compound and one or more alcohols, kits comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a disclosed composition, as well as methods and uses to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device using such compositions, methods and uses to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a surface area using such compositions, methods and uses to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a microbial infection in an individual using such compositions.

This continuation application claims the benefit of priority and thefiling date pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 120 to U.S. Non-Provisionalapplication Ser. No. 16/022,673, filed Jun. 28, 2018, which claims thebenefit of priority and the filing date pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119(e)to U.S. Provisional Patent Application 62/577,225, filed Oct. 26, 2017,and U.S. Provisional Patent Application 62/526,175, filed Jun. 28, 2017,the entire content of each of which is hereby incorporated by referencein its entirety.

In the United States, approximately 46.5 million surgical procedures andeven more invasive medical procedures, including approximately 5 milliongastrointestinal endoscopies, are performed each year. Each procedureinvolves contact by a medical device with a patient's sterile tissue ormucous membranes. A major risk of all such procedures is theintroduction of pathogens that can lead to infection. Failure toproperly clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a medical device can expose apatient to body fluids and/or tissue contaminants from a prior patientwhich can result in person-to-person or environmental transmission ofpathogens and infect large numbers of people.

Endoscopes are used for the diagnosis and treatment of numerous medicalconditions and are part of a family of valuable diagnostic andtherapeutic tools. Unfortunately, endoscopes have been traced to morehealthcare-associated disease outbreaks than any other medical device.This is due primarily to the fact that endoscopes 1) acquire high levelsof microbial contamination (bioburden) during use due to the types ofbody cavities this device is exposed to; and 2) are fundamentallydifficult to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize. For example, in 2012 thesource of transmission of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)“superbug” infections in patients from hospitals in Seattle, Pittsburghand Chicago were traced to contaminated endoscopes.

Sterilization of a medical device is preferred because this processdestroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life. However, the hightemperature and pressures used in sterilization processes are notsuitable for heat-sensitive medical device. Such heat-sensitive devicesmust be cleaned using a disinfection process. However, one problemassociated with currently used disinfection processes is that the typeand amounts of disinfectants used are destructive to the medical device.This reduces the overall life-time use of a medical device, ultimatelyresulting in increased medical costs due to the need to replace themedical device sooner with a new one. In addition, given the recentinfectious outbreaks due to contaminated medical devices, a betterdisinfection method better than currently available methods is needed.

The present specification discloses disinfection compositions, methodsand uses that provide superior cleaning and disinfection of a medicaldevice including a heat-sensitive medical device and a device classifiedas a critical, semi-critical or noncritical item. At the same time, thedisclosed disinfection compositions, methods and uses are less harshthan conventional compositions, methods and uses resulting in a longerlifetime use of a medical device

SUMMARY

Aspects of the present specification disclose a composition comprisinghypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and one or moredisinfectants. A disinfectant disclosed herein can be one or morecompounds containing a guanide moiety or functional group, one or morealdehyde-containing compounds, or one or more organic peroxides, or anycombination thereof. A disclosed guanide-containing compound includesone or more biguanide-containing compounds, one or morebiguanidine-containing compounds, one or more triguanide-containingcompounds, or any combination thereof. A disclosed aldehyde-containingcompound includes one or more aldehydes, one or more dialdehydes, or anycombination thereof.

In other aspects of the present specification disclose a compositioncomprising hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine, one or moredisinfectants and one or more surfactants. A disinfectant disclosedherein can be one or more compounds containing a guanide moiety orfunctional group, one or more aldehyde-containing compounds, or one ormore organic peroxides, or any combination thereof. A disclosedguanide-containing compound includes one or more biguanide-containingcompounds, one or more biguanidine-containing compounds, one or moretriguanide-containing compounds, or any combination thereof. A disclosedaldehyde-containing compound includes one or more aldehydes, one or moredialdehydes, or any combination thereof. A surfactant disclosed hereincan be one or more ionic surfactants, one or more zwitterionic(amphoteric) surfactants or one or more non-ionic surfactants.

In other aspects, the present specification discloses a compositioncomprising hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and one or moresurfactants. A disinfectant disclosed herein can be one or morecompounds containing a guanide moiety or functional group, one or morealdehyde-containing compounds, or one or more organic peroxides, or anycombination thereof. A disclosed guanide-containing compound includesone or more biguanide-containing compounds, one or morebiguanidine-containing compounds, one or more triguanide-containingcompounds, or any combination thereof. A disclosed aldehyde-containingcompound includes one or more aldehydes, one or more dialdehydes, or anycombination thereof. A surfactant disclosed herein can be one or moreionic surfactants, one or more zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants orone or more non-ionic surfactants.

In other aspects, the present specification discloses a compositioncomprising one or more guanide-containing compound and one or morealcohols. A disclosed guanide-containing compound includes one or morebiguanide-containing compounds, one or more biguanidine-containingcompounds, one or more triguanide-containing compounds, or anycombination thereof. A disclosed alcohol includes ethanol, methanol,isopropyl alcohol, or any combination thereof.

In other aspects, the present specification discloses a method to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a device. The disclosed method comprisingapplying a composition disclosed herein to a device, wherein applicationof the composition cleans, disinfects and/or sterilizes the device. Thedisclosed method may further comprise rinsing a cleaned, disinfectedand/or sterilized device with a rinse solution disclosed herein. Inother aspects of the present specification disclose a compositiondisclosed herein for use in cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizing adevice. In other aspects of the present specification disclose a use ofa disclosed composition clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device.

In other aspects, the present specification discloses a method to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a surface area. The disclosed methodcomprising applying a composition disclosed herein to a surface area,wherein application of the composition cleans, disinfects and/orsterilizes the surface area. The disclosed method may further compriserinsing a cleaned, disinfected and/or sterilized surface area with arinse solution disclosed herein. In other aspects of the presentspecification disclose a composition disclosed herein for use incleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizing a surface area. In otheraspects of the present specification disclose a use of a disclosedcomposition clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a surface area.

In other aspects, the present specification discloses a method to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a microbial infection in an individual. Thedisclosed method comprising applying a composition disclosed herein toan individual, wherein application of the composition cleans, disinfectsand/or sterilizes a microbial infection. In other aspects of the presentspecification disclose a composition disclosed herein for use incleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizing of a microbial infection in anindividual. In other aspects of the present specification disclose a useof a disclosed composition clean, disinfect and/or sterilize of amicrobial infection in an individual. In other aspects of the presentspecification disclose a use of a disclosed composition in themanufacture of a medicament to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize of amicrobial infection in an individual.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Disinfection and sterilization are essential for ensuring that a medicaldevice does not transmit infectious pathogens to an individual. Duringmanufacturing, a medical device for human or veterinary health should becleaned to implantable standards prior to coating and packaging. Afteruse, a medical device should be cleaned, disinfected and/or sterilizedin order to prevent the spread of nosocomial (treatment-induced)infections to a subsequent individual.

With respect cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilization, a medicaldevice can be classified as a critical item, semi-critical item ornoncritical item. A critical item is a device that must be sterilebecause it can be associated with a high risk for infection since themedical device enters sterile tissue or the vascular system and anymicrobial contamination could transmit disease. Non-limiting examples ofa medical device that is a critical item include a surgical instrument,a catheter, such as, e.g., a cardiac or urinary catheter, an implant, aheart-lung machine, and an ultrasound probe used in sterile bodycavities.

A semi-critical item is a medical device that contacts a mucous membraneor non-intact skin. Although a medical device should be free from allmicroorganisms, a small number of bacterial spores are permissible sincethe mucous membrane or non-intact skin are generally resistant toinfection by common bacterial spores, but susceptible to otherorganisms, such as bacteria, mycobacteria, and viruses. As such, amedical device classified as a semi-critical item must minimally undergohigh-level disinfection using chemical disinfectants as this procedurecompletely eliminates all microorganisms in or on a medical device,except for small numbers of bacterial spores. Non-limiting examples of amedical device that is a semi-critical item include a respiratorytherapy equipment, an anesthesia equipment, an endoscope, such as, e.g.,a gastrointestinal endoscope, a bronchoscope, or a nasopharyngoscope, anarthroscope, a laparoscope, laryngoscope blade, an esophageal manometryprobe, a cystoscope, a spirometer, an anorectal manometry catheter, invitro fertilization instruments, and a diaphragm fitting ring.

A noncritical item is a medical device that contacts intact skin but nota mucous membrane. Intact skin acts as an effective barrier to mostmicroorganisms; therefore, the sterility of items coming in contact withintact skin is “not critical.” Virtually no risk has been documented fortransmission of infectious agents to patients through noncritical itemswhen they are used as noncritical items and do not contact non-intactskin and/or mucous membranes. In contrast to critical and somesemi-critical items, most noncritical reusable items may bedecontaminated where they are used and do not need to be transported toa central processing area. As such, a medical device classified as anoncritical item can be cleaned with a low-level disinfectant.Noncritical items can be divided into a noncritical patient care itemand noncritical environmental surface. Non-limiting examples of amedical device that is a noncritical patient care item include a bedpan,a blood pressure cuff, crutches and a computer. Non-limiting examples ofa non-critical environmental surface include a bed rail, a food utensil,a bedside table, furniture and floor.

A composition disclosed herein is suitable to clean, disinfect and/orsterilize a medical device. In an aspect of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein is suitable to clean, disinfect and/orsterilize a heat-sensitive medical device. In another aspect of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein is suitable to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a medical device classified as asemi-critical item or noncritical item.

A composition disclosed herein may comprise hypochlorous acid. A weakacid, the chemical formula of hypochlorous acid is HOCl, while itsmolecular formula is written as HClO. As shown in formula I,hypochlorous acid is a simple molecule with the central oxygen atomconnected to chlorine and hydrogen atoms through single bonds and hasmolar mass is 52.46 g/mol.

Hypochlorous acid is a colorless solution, and its exact physicalproperties are variable, depending on the concentration of hypochlorousin solution. Hypochlorous acid reacts with bases to form salts calledhypochlorites. For example, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), the activeingredient in bleach, is formed by reacting hypochlorous acid withsodium hydroxide. Hypochlorous acid also readily reacts with a varietyof organic molecules and biomolecules.

The hypochlorous acid solution can be produced, e.g., by dissolvingchlorine in water, hydrolysis of chlorine gas, electrolysis of a saltsolution or acidification of hypochloride. For example, stablehypochlorous salts, such as, e.g., alkali metal hypochlorites likesodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite,lithium hypochlorite and magnesium hypochlorite, can be obtained bydissolving chlorine gas into an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution,like a sodium hydroxide solution, a calcium hydroxide solution, apotassium hydroxide solution, a lithium hydroxide solution, or amagnesium hydroxide solution, respectively. Hypochlorous acid can alsobe prepared by dissolving dichlorine monoxide in water. As anotherexample, hypochlorous acid can also be produced by electrolyticallytreating a saline solution. In one method, an electrical current isapplied to a three-compartment cell comprising a cathode chamber, ananode chamber, and a central saline solution chamber interposed betweenthe other two chambers where each chamber is separated by asemi-permeable membrane. During electrolysis, sodium chloride (NaCl)dissociates into negatively charged chloride (Cl⁻) and positivelycharged sodium (Na⁺). At the same time, water dissociates into hydroxide(OH−) and hydrogen (H+) ions are formed. The negatively charged chloride(Cl⁻) and hydroxide (OH⁻) ions move to the anode to lose electrons andform hypochlorous acid (HOCl) as well as hypochlorite ions (OCl⁻) andoxygen (O₂) and chlorine (Cl₂) gases. The reductive water comprising thehypochlorous acid is then dispensed into a collection chamber forsubsequent use. Methods to produce hypochlorous acid are described in,e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,914,397, 4,190,638, 4,908,215, 5,322,677,6,426,066, 7,323,118, 8,062,500, 8,945,630, 9,168,318, and 9,486,479,each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises an amount ofhypochlorous acid that provides a desired beneficial effect to acomposition disclosed herein. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acid in an amountof, e.g., about 0.00005%, about 0.00006%, about 0.00007%, about0.000075%, about 0.00008%, about 0.00009%, about 0.0001%, about 0.0005%,about 0.001%, about 0.0015%, about 0.002%, about 0.0025%, about 0.003%,about 0.0035%, about 0.004%, about 0.0045%, about 0.005%, about 0.0055%,about 0.006%, about 0.007%, about 0.0075%, about 0.008%, about 0.009%,about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04% or about 0.05% byweight of the composition. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acid in an amountof, e.g., at least 0.00005%, at least 0.00006%, at least 0.00007%, atleast 0.000075%, at least 0.00008%, at least 0.00009%, at least 0.0001%,at least 0.0005%, at least 0.001%, at least 0.0015%, at least 0.002%, atleast 0.0025%, at least 0.003%, at least 0.0035%, at least 0.004%, atleast 0.0045%, at least 0.005%, at least 0.0055%, at least 0.006%, atleast 0.007%, at least 0.0075%, at least 0.008%, at least 0.009%, atleast 0.01%, at least 0.02%, at least 0.03%, at least 0.04% or at least0.05% by weight of the composition. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acidin an amount of, e.g., at most 0.00005%, at most 0.00006%, at most0.00007%, at most 0.000075%, at most 0.00008%, at most 0.00009%, at most0.0001%, at most 0.0005%, at most 0.001%, at most 0.0015%, at most0.002%, at most 0.0025%, at most 0.003%, at most 0.0035%, at most0.004%, at most 0.0045%, at most 0.005%, at most 0.0055%, at most0.006%, at most 0.007%, at most 0.0075%, at most 0.008%, at most 0.009%,at most 0.01%, at most 0.02%, at most 0.03%, at most 0.04% or at most0.05% by weight of the composition. In still other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acidin an amount of from, e.g., about 0.00075% to about 0.002%, about0.00075% to about 0.003%, about 0.00075% to about 0.004%, about 0.00075%to about 0.005%, about 0.00075% to about 0.006%, about 0.00075% to about0.007%, about 0.00075% to about 0.008%, about 0.00075% to about 0.009%,about 0.00075% to about 0.01%, about 0.001% to about 0.002%, about0.001% to about 0.003%, about 0.001% to about 0.004%, about 0.001% toabout 0.005%, about 0.001% to about 0.006%, about 0.001% to about0.007%, about 0.001% to about 0.008%, about 0.001% to about 0.009%,about 0.001% to about 0.01%, about 0.002% to about 0.003%, about 0.002%to about 0.004%, about 0.002% to about 0.005%, about 0.002% to about0.006%, about 0.002% to about 0.007%, about 0.002% to about 0.008%,about 0.002% to about 0.009%, or about 0.002% to about 0.01% by weightof the composition.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises hypochlorous acid in an amount of, e.g., about 0.01%, about0.02%, about 0.025%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%,about 0.07%, about 0.075%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, or about 0.15% by weightof the composition. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acid in an amountof, e.g., at least 0.01%, at least 0.02%, at least 0.025%, at least0.03%, at least 0.04%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.06%, at least 0.07%,at least 0.075%, at least 0.08%, at least 0.09%, at least 0.10%, atleast 0.11%, at least 0.12%, at least 0.13%, at least 0.14%, or at least0.15% by weight of the composition. In still other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acidin an amount of, e.g., at most 0.01%, at most 0.02%, at most 0.025%, atmost 0.03%, at most 0.04%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.06%, at most 0.07%,at most 0.075%, at most 0.08%, at most 0.09%, at most 0.10%, at most0.11%, at most 0.12%, at most 0.13%, at most 0.14%, or at most 0.15% byweight of the composition. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acid in an amountof, e.g., about 0.01% to about 0.02%, about 0.01% to about 0.03%, about0.01% to about 0.04%, about 0.01% to about 0.05%, about 0.01% to about0.06%, about 0.01% to about 0.07%, about 0.01% to about 0.08%, about0.01% to about 0.09%, about 0.01% to about 0.10%, about 0.01% to about0.11%, about 0.01% to about 0.12%, about 0.01% to about 0.13%, about0.01% to about 0.14%, about 0.01% to about 0.15%, about 0.02% to about0.03%, about 0.02% to about 0.04%, about 0.02% to about 0.05%, about0.02% to about 0.06%, about 0.02% to about 0.07%, about 0.02% to about0.08%, about 0.02% to about 0.09%, about 0.02% to about 0.10%, about0.02% to about 0.11%, about 0.02% to about 0.12%, about 0.02% to about0.13%, about 0.02% to about 0.14%, about 0.02% to about 0.15%, about0.03% to about 0.04%, about 0.03% to about 0.05%, about 0.03% to about0.06%, about 0.03% to about 0.07%, about 0.03% to about 0.08%, about0.03% to about 0.09%, about 0.03% to about 0.10%, about 0.03% to about0.11%, about 0.03% to about 0.12%, about 0.03% to about 0.13%, about0.03% to about 0.14%, about 0.03% to about 0.15%, about 0.04% to about0.05%, about 0.04% to about 0.06%, about 0.04% to about 0.07%, about0.04% to about 0.08%, about 0.04% to about 0.09%, about 0.04% to about0.10%, about 0.04% to about 0.11%, about 0.04% to about 0.12%, about0.04% to about 0.13%, about 0.04% to about 0.14%, about 0.04% to about0.15%, about 0.05% to about 0.06%, about 0.05% to about 0.07%, about0.05% to about 0.08%, about 0.05% to about 0.09%, about 0.05% to about0.10%, about 0.05% to about 0.11%, about 0.05% to about 0.12%, about0.05% to about 0.13%, about 0.05% to about 0.14%, about 0.05% to about0.15%, about 0.06% to about 0.07%, about 0.06% to about 0.08%, about0.06% to about 0.09%, about 0.06% to about 0.10%, about 0.06% to about0.11%, about 0.06% to about 0.12%, about 0.06% to about 0.13%, about0.06% to about 0.14%, about 0.06% to about 0.15%, about 0.07% to about0.08%, about 0.07% to about 0.09%, about 0.07% to about 0.10%, about0.07% to about 0.11%, about 0.07% to about 0.12%, about 0.07% to about0.13%, about 0.07% to about 0.14%, about 0.07% to about 0.15%, about0.08% to about 0.09%, about 0.08% to about 0.10%, about 0.08% to about0.11%, about 0.08% to about 0.12%, about 0.08% to about 0.13%, about0.08% to about 0.14%, about 0.08% to about 0.15%, about 0.09% to about0.10%, about 0.09% to about 0.11%, about 0.09% to about 0.12%, about0.09% to about 0.13%, about 0.09% to about 0.14%, about 0.09% to about0.15%, about 0.10% to about 0.11%, about 0.10% to about 0.12%, about0.10% to about 0.13%, about 0.10% to about 0.14%, about 0.10% to about0.15%, about 0.11% to about 0.12%, about 0.11% to about 0.13%, about0.11% to about 0.14%, about 0.11% to about 0.15%, about 0.12% to about0.13%, about 0.12% to about 0.14%, about 0.12% to about 0.15%, about0.13% to about 0.14%, about 0.13% to about 0.15%, or about 0.14% toabout 0.15%, by weight of the composition.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein compriseshypochlorous acid in an amount of, e.g., 0.05 ppm, 0.10 ppm, 0.15 ppm,0.20 ppm, 0.25 ppm, 0.30 ppm, 0.35 ppm, 0.40 ppm, 0.45 ppm, 0.50 ppm,0.55 ppm, 0.60 ppm, 0.65 ppm, 0.70 ppm, 0.75 ppm, 0.80 ppm, 0.85 ppm,0.90 ppm, 0.95 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm, 30ppm, 35 ppm, 40 ppm, 45 ppm, 50 ppm, 55 ppm, 60 ppm, 65 ppm, 70 ppm, 75ppm, 80 ppm, 85 ppm, 90 ppm, 95 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm,200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm,400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm,600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm,800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm,1,000 ppm, 1,025 ppm, 1,050 ppm, 1075 ppm, 1,100 ppm, 1,125 ppm, 1,150ppm, 1,175 ppm, 1,200 ppm, 1,225 ppm, 1,250 ppm, 1,275 ppm, 1,300 ppm,1,325 ppm, 1,350 ppm, 1,375 ppm, 1,400 ppm, 1,425 ppm, 1,450 ppm, 1,475ppm, or 1,500 ppm. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acid in an amount of, e.g., atleast 0.05 ppm, at least 0.10 ppm, at least 0.20 ppm, at least 0.30 ppm,at least 0.40 ppm, at least 0.50 ppm, at least 0.60 ppm, at least 0.70ppm, at least 0.80 ppm, at least 0.90 ppm, at least 1 ppm, at least 10ppm, at least 20 ppm, at least 30 ppm, at least 40 ppm, at least 50 ppm,at least 60 ppm, at least 70 ppm, at least 80 ppm, at least 90 ppm, atleast 100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, atleast 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, atleast 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm, atleast 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475 ppm, atleast 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least 575 ppm, atleast 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at least 675 ppm, atleast 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm, at least 775 ppm, atleast 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850 ppm, at least 875 ppm, atleast 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, atleast 1,000 ppm, at least 1,025 ppm, at least 1,050 ppm, at least 1075ppm, at least 1,100 ppm, at least 1,125 ppm, at least 1,150 ppm, atleast 1,175 ppm, at least 1,200 ppm, at least 1,225 ppm, at least 1,250ppm, at least 1,275 ppm, at least 1,300 ppm, at least 1,325 ppm, atleast 1,350 ppm, at least 1,375 ppm, at least 1,400 ppm, at least 1,425ppm, at least 1,450 ppm, at least 1,475 ppm, or at least 1,500 ppm. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises hypochlorous acid in an amount of, e.g., at most 0.05 ppm, atmost 0.10 ppm, at most 0.20 ppm, at most 0.30 ppm, at most 0.40 ppm, atmost 0.50 ppm, at most 0.60 ppm, at most 0.70 ppm, at most 0.80 ppm, atmost 0.90 ppm, at most 1 ppm, at most 10 ppm, at most 20 ppm, at most 30ppm, at most 40 ppm, at most 50 ppm, at most 60 ppm, at most 70 ppm, atmost 80 ppm, at most 90 ppm, at most 100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200 ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300 ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm,at most 375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, atmost 475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm,at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, atmost 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, at most1,000 ppm, at most 1,025 ppm, at most 1,050 ppm, at most 1075 ppm, atmost 1,100 ppm, at most 1,125 ppm, at most 1,150 ppm, at most 1,175 ppm,at most 1,200 ppm, at most 1,225 ppm, at most 1,250 ppm, at most 1,275ppm, at most 1,300 ppm, at most 1,325 ppm, at most 1,350 ppm, at most1,375 ppm, at most 1,400 ppm, at most 1,425 ppm, at most 1,450 ppm, atmost 1,475 ppm, or at most 1,500 ppm.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises hypochlorous acid in an amount of from, e.g., about 0.5ppm to about 20 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.5 ppm toabout 30 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 40ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 50 ppm, about0.5 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 0.5 ppm toabout 65 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 75ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about0.5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.5 ppm toabout 100 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about25 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 35 ppm,about 0.75 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 45 ppm, about0.75 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.75 ppmto about 60 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about70 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 80 ppm,about 0.75 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 90 ppm, about0.75 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 1 ppmto about 20 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 30ppm, about 1 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 1ppm to about 45 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about55 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 65 ppm, about1 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 1 ppm to about80 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 90 ppm, about1 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 20 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 30 ppm,about 5 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 45 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 55 ppm,about 5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 70 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 80 ppm,about 5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 95 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 20ppm, about 10 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 30 ppm, about10 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 45 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 55ppm, about 10 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 65 ppm, about10 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 80 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 90ppm, about 10 ppm to about 95 ppm, or about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises hypochlorous acid in an amount of from, e.g., about 1 ppm toabout 25 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 75 ppm,about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 1 ppmto about 150 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 200ppm, about 1 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 1ppm to about 275 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 1 ppm to about325 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 375 ppm,about 1 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 10 ppmto about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 100ppm, about 10 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 150 ppm, about10 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 225 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 275ppm, about 10 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 325 ppm, about10 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 400 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 75ppm, about 25 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 125 ppm, about25 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 25 ppm toabout 200 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 250ppm, about 25 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 300 ppm, about25 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 25 ppm toabout 375 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 75ppm, about 50 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 125 ppm, about50 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 50 ppm toabout 200 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 250ppm, about 50 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm, about50 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 50 ppm toabout 375 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 100ppm, about 75 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 150 ppm, about75 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 75 ppm toabout 225 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 275ppm, about 75 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 325 ppm, about75 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 75 ppm toabout 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 100 ppm to about150 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 200 ppm,about 100 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 250 ppm, about100 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 100 ppmto about 325 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 100 ppm to about375 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 175 ppm,about 150 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 225 ppm, about150 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 150 ppmto about 300 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 150 ppm to about350 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 400 ppm,about 200 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 250 ppm, about200 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 200 ppmto about 325 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 200 ppm to about375 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 275 ppm,about 250 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 325 ppm, about250 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 250 ppmto about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 300 ppm to about350 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 400 ppm,about 350 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 350 ppm to about 400 ppm, or about375 ppm to about 400 ppm.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises hypochlorous acid in an amount of, e.g., about 400 ppm toabout 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about700 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,100 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,300 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,500 ppm,about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 700 ppm, about500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 500 ppmto about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 500 ppm toabout 1,200 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 500 ppm toabout 1,400 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 600 ppm toabout 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about900 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,100ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,300 ppm,about 600 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,500 ppm,about 700 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about700 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 700ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 700 ppmto about 1,400 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 800 ppm toabout 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to about1,100 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 800 ppm to about1,300 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 800 ppm to about1,500 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 900 ppm to about1,100 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 900 ppm to about1,300 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 900 ppm to about1,500 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about1,200 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about1,400 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about1,200 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about1,400 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about1,300 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about1,500 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to about1,500 ppm, or about 1,400 ppm to about 1,500 ppm.

The concentration of hypochlorous acid in solution may be described asfree available chlorine in parts per million. Hypochlorous acid is inequilibrium with hypochlorite ions (OCl⁻) and dissolved chlorine gas(Cl₂). The extent of the equilibrium is determined predominately by thepH of the solution. Temperature also impacts the ratio of the freechlorine component. Therefore, both FAC and pH need to be known tounderstand the amount of chlorine present as hypochlorous acid. Ingeneral, when the pH range is about 4.0 to about 5.6, approximately 100%of the available chlorine is present as HOCl. As the pH is lowered belowabout 4, there is an increase in dissolved chlorine gas (Cl₂). Thus, ata pH of about 3, about 90% of the available chlorine is present ashypochlorous acid, at a pH of about 2, about 75% of the availablechlorine is present as hypochlorous acid, at a pH of about 1.5, about50% of the available chlorine is present as hypochlorous acid, while ata pH of about 1, about 25% of the available chlorine is present ashypochlorous acid. As the pH is increase above about 5.6, there is anincrease in hypochlorite ions (OCl⁻). Thus, at a pH a pH of about 6.5,about 90% of the available chlorine is present as hypochlorous acid, ata pH of about 7, about 75% of the available chlorine is present ashypochlorous acid, at a pH of about 7.5, about 50% of the availablechlorine is present as hypochlorous acid, while at a pH of about 8,about 25% of the available chlorine is present as hypochlorous acid.

The chlorine amount may be measured by methods known in the art, such asthe DPD colorimeter method (Lamotte Company, Chestertown, Md.) or otherknown methods established by the Environmental Protection Agency. In theDPD colorimeter method, a yellow color is formed by the reaction of freechlorine With N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) and the intensity ismeasured With a calibrated calorimeter that provides the output in partsper million. Further addition of potassium iodide turns the solution apink color to provide the total chlorine value.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesfree available chlorine in an amount of, e.g., 0.05 ppm, 0.10 ppm, 0.15ppm, 0.20 ppm, 0.25 ppm, 0.30 ppm, 0.35 ppm, 0.40 ppm, 0.45 ppm, 0.50ppm, 0.55 ppm, 0.60 ppm, 0.65 ppm, 0.70 ppm, 0.75 ppm, 0.80 ppm, 0.85ppm, 0.90 ppm, 0.95 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm,30 ppm, 35 ppm, 40 ppm, 45 ppm, 50 ppm, 55 ppm, 60 ppm, 65 ppm, 70 ppm,75 ppm, 80 ppm, 85 ppm, 90 ppm, 95 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575ppm, 600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775ppm, 800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975ppm, 1,000 ppm, 1,025 ppm, 1,050 ppm, 1075 ppm, 1,100 ppm, 1,125 ppm,1,150 ppm, 1,175 ppm, 1,200 ppm, 1,225 ppm, 1,250 ppm, 1,275 ppm, 1,300ppm, 1,325 ppm, 1,350 ppm, 1,375 ppm, 1,400 ppm, 1,425 ppm, 1,450 ppm,1,475 ppm, or 1,500 ppm. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises free available chlorine in anamount of, e.g., at least 0.05 ppm, at least 0.10 ppm, at least 0.20ppm, at least 0.30 ppm, at least 0.40 ppm, at least 0.50 ppm, at least0.60 ppm, at least 0.70 ppm, at least 0.80 ppm, at least 0.90 ppm, atleast 1 ppm, at least 10 ppm, at least 20 ppm, at least 30 ppm, at least40 ppm, at least 50 ppm, at least 60 ppm, at least 70 ppm, at least 80ppm, at least 90 ppm, at least 100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250ppm, at least 275 ppm, at least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350ppm, at least 375 ppm, at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450ppm, at least 475 ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550ppm, at least 575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650ppm, at least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950ppm, at least 975 ppm, at least 1,000 ppm, at least 1,025 ppm, at least1,050 ppm, at least 1075 ppm, at least 1,100 ppm, at least 1,125 ppm, atleast 1,150 ppm, at least 1,175 ppm, at least 1,200 ppm, at least 1,225ppm, at least 1,250 ppm, at least 1,275 ppm, at least 1,300 ppm, atleast 1,325 ppm, at least 1,350 ppm, at least 1,375 ppm, at least 1,400ppm, at least 1,425 ppm, at least 1,450 ppm, at least 1,475 ppm, or atleast 1,500 ppm. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises free available chlorine in an amount of,e.g., at most 0.05 ppm, at most 0.10 ppm, at most 0.20 ppm, at most 0.30ppm, at most 0.40 ppm, at most 0.50 ppm, at most 0.60 ppm, at most 0.70ppm, at most 0.80 ppm, at most 0.90 ppm, at most 1 ppm, at most 10 ppm,at most 20 ppm, at most 30 ppm, at most 40 ppm, at most 50 ppm, at most60 ppm, at most 70 ppm, at most 80 ppm, at most 90 ppm, at most 100 ppm,at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200 ppm, atmost 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300 ppm, at most325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, at most 425ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most 525 ppm,at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, atmost 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm,at most 975 ppm, at most 1,000 ppm, at most 1,025 ppm, at most 1,050ppm, at most 1075 ppm, at most 1,100 ppm, at most 1,125 ppm, at most1,150 ppm, at most 1,175 ppm, at most 1,200 ppm, at most 1,225 ppm, atmost 1,250 ppm, at most 1,275 ppm, at most 1,300 ppm, at most 1,325 ppm,at most 1,350 ppm, at most 1,375 ppm, at most 1,400 ppm, at most 1,425ppm, at most 1,450 ppm, at most 1,475 ppm, or at most 1,500 ppm.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises free available chlorine in an amount of from, e.g.,about 0.5 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.5ppm to about 30 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.5 ppm toabout 40 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 50ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about0.5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 0.5 ppm toabout 75 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 85ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 95 ppm, about0.5 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 0.75 ppmto about 25 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about35 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 45 ppm,about 0.75 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 55 ppm, about0.75 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.75 ppmto about 70 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about80 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 90 ppm,about 0.75 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 1ppm to about 20 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 1 ppm to about30 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 40 ppm, about1 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about55 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 65 ppm, about1 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 1 ppm to about80 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 90 ppm, about1 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 20 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 30 ppm,about 5 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 45 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 55 ppm,about 5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 70 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 80 ppm,about 5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 5 ppm toabout 95 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 20ppm, about 10 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 30 ppm, about10 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 45 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 55ppm, about 10 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 65 ppm, about10 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 80 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 90ppm, about 10 ppm to about 95 ppm, or about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises free available chlorine in an amount of from, e.g., about 1ppm to about 25 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about75 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 125 ppm,about 1 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 1 ppmto about 200 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 250ppm, about 1 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 1ppm to about 325 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 1 ppm to about375 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 25 ppm,about 10 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 10 ppmto about 100 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 10 ppm to about150 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 200 ppm,about 10 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 10ppm to about 275 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 325 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 375ppm, about 10 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 50 ppm, about25 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 25 ppm toabout 125 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 175ppm, about 25 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 225 ppm, about25 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 25 ppm toabout 300 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 350ppm, about 25 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 400 ppm, about50 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 50 ppm toabout 125 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 175ppm, about 50 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 225 ppm, about50 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 50 ppm toabout 300 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 350ppm, about 50 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 400 ppm, about75 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 75 ppm toabout 150 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 200ppm, about 75 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 250 ppm, about75 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 75 ppm toabout 325 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 375ppm, about 75 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 125 ppm,about 100 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 175 ppm, about100 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 100 ppmto about 250 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 100 ppm to about300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 350 ppm,about 100 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 400 ppm, about150 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 150 ppmto about 225 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 150 ppm to about275 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 325 ppm,about 150 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 375 ppm, about150 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 200 ppmto about 250 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 200 ppm to about300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 350 ppm,about 200 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about250 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 250 ppmto about 325 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 250 ppm to about375 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 325 ppm,about 300 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 375 ppm, about300 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 350 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 350 ppmto about 400 ppm, or about 375 ppm to about 400 ppm.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises free available chlorine in an amount of, e.g., about 400 ppmto about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about700 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,100 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,300 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,500 ppm,about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 700 ppm, about500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 500 ppmto about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 500 ppm toabout 1,200 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 500 ppm toabout 1,400 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 600 ppm toabout 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about900 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,100ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,300 ppm,about 600 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,500 ppm,about 700 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about700 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 700ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 700 ppmto about 1,400 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 800 ppm toabout 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to about1,100 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 800 ppm to about1,300 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 800 ppm to about1,500 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 900 ppm to about1,100 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 900 ppm to about1,300 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 900 ppm to about1,500 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about1,200 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about1,400 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about1,200 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about1,400 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about1,300 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about1,500 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to about1,500 ppm, or about 1,400 ppm to about 1,500 ppm.

In one embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not compriseozone. In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein cancomprise ozone.

In one embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisehydrogen peroxide. In another embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincan comprise hydrogen peroxide.

A composition disclosed herein may comprise a disinfectant. Adisinfectant can be one or more compounds containing a biguanide moietyor functional group, one or more aldehyde-containing compounds, or oneor more organic peroxides, or any combination thereof.

A composition disclosed herein may comprise a compound containing aguanide moiety and/or functional group. Non-limiting examples of aguanide-containing compound include an organic compound containing abiguanide functional group, a biguanidine functional group or atriguanide functional group. In one embodiment, a guanide-containingcompound disclosed herein is a biguanide or a biguanide-containingcompound. In an aspect of this embodiment, a biguanide-containingcompound comprises one, two, three, four or five biguanide functionalgroups. In an aspect of this embodiment, a biguanide-containing compoundcomprises of formula II,

wherein R⁵ and R⁶ can each independently be a bond, H, C, NH, NH², aC₁₋₁₀ alkyl, a C₁₋₁₀ alkane, a C₁₋₁₀ alkyne, a 5 or 6 carbon aromaticring, optionally substituted with a halogen; and n is 1-5. A halogen isF, Br, Cl, I, and At. Non-limiting examples of a biguanide-containingcompound include a polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), a polyaminopropylbiguanide (PAPB), a1,1′-(1,6-Hexanediyl)bis{2-[N′-(2-ethylhexyl)carbamimidoyl]guanidine}(alexidine), a chlorhexidine and a chlorhexidine gluconate.

In one embodiment, a guanide-containing compound disclosed herein is abiguanidine or a biguanidine-containing compound. In an aspect of thisembodiment, a biguanidine-containing compound comprises one, two, three,four or five biguanidine functional groups. In an aspect of thisembodiment, a biguanidine-containing compound comprises of formula III,

wherein R⁷ and R⁸ can each independently be a bond, H, C, NH, NH², aC₁₋₁₀ alkyl, a C₁₋₁₀ alkane, a C₁₋₁₀ alkyne, a 5 or 6 carbon aromaticring, optionally substituted with a halogen; and n is 1-5. A halogen isF, Br, Cl, I, and At.

In one embodiment, a guanide-containing compound disclosed herein is atriguanide or a triguanide-containing compound. In an aspect of thisembodiment, a triguanide-containing compound comprises one, two, three,four or five triguanide functional groups. In an aspect of thisembodiment, a triguanide-containing compound comprises formula IV,

wherein R⁹ and R¹⁰ can each independently be a bond, H, C, NH, NH², aC₁₋₁₀ alkyl, a C₁₋₁₀ alkane, a C₁₋₁₀ alkyne, a 5 or 6 carbon aromaticring, optionally substituted with a halogen; and n is 1-5. A halogen isF, Br, Cl, I, and At.

In one embodiment, a single guanide-containing compound is present in acomposition disclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality ofguanide-containing compounds is present in a composition disclosedherein. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises, e.g., one or more guanide-containing compounds, two or moreguanide-containing compounds, three or more guanide-containingcompounds, four or more guanide-containing compounds or five or moreguanide-containing compounds. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., only oneguanide-containing compound, at most two guanide-containing compounds,at most three guanide-containing compounds, at most fourguanide-containing compounds, or at most five guanide-containingcompounds. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1 to 2 guanide-containingcompounds, 1 to 3 guanide-containing compounds, 1 to 4guanide-containing compounds, 1 to 5 guanide-containing compounds, 2 to3 guanide-containing compounds, 2 to 4 guanide-containing compounds, 2to 5 guanide-containing compounds, 3 to 4 guanide-containing compounds,3 to 5 guanide-containing compounds or 4 to 5 guanide-containingcompounds.

Any amount of a guanide-containing compound disclosed herein may beused, with the proviso that the amount is useful to practice the methodsdisclosed herein. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises a guanide-containing compound in an amount of, e.g.,about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about9.0%, about 10.0%. about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, about15%, about 20%, about 25%, or about 30% by weight of the composition. Inother aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises a guanide-containing compound in an amount of, e.g., at least0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%,at least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, atleast 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%,at least 10.0%, at least 11%, at least 12%, at least 13%, at least 14%,at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, or at least 30% by weight ofthe composition. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises a guanide-containing compound in an amountof, e.g., at most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, atmost 0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, atmost 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, atmost 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at most 9.0%, at most 10.0%, atmost 11%, at most 12%, at most 13%, at most 14%, at most 15%, at most20%, at most 25%, or at most 30% by weight of the composition.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises a guanide-containing compound in an amount of, e.g.,about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% toabout 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 3.0%, about 0.1% to about 3.5%, about0.1% to about 4.0%, about 0.1% to about 4.5%, about 0.1% to about 5.0%,about 0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about1.0%, about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% toabout 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about 0.2% to about 3.5%, about0.2% to about 4.0%, about 0.2% to about 4.5%, about 0.2% to about 5.0%,about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% to about2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 3.0%, about 0.5% toabout 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 6.0%, about0.5% to about 7.0%, about 0.5% to about 8.0%, about 0.5% to about 9.0%,about 0.5% to about 10.0%, about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% toabout 6.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%,about 1.0% to about 15.0%, about 1.0% to about 20.0%, about 1.0% toabout 25.0%, about 1.0% to about 30.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about2.0% to about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%,about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% toabout 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 15.0%, about 2.0% to about 20.0%, about2.0% to about 25.0%, about 2.0% to about 30.0%, about 5.0% to about6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% toabout 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0%, about 5.0% to about 15.0%, about 5.0%to about 20.0%, about 5.0% to about 25.0%, about 5.0% to about 30.0%,about 6.0% to about 7.0%, about 6.0% to about 7.5%, about 6.0% to about8.0%, about 6.0% to about 9.0%, about 6.0% to about 10.0%, about 6.0% toabout 11.0%, about 6.0% to about 12.0%, about 6.0% to about 13.0%, about6.0% to about 14.0%, about 6.0% to about 15.0%, about 6.0% to about20.0%, about 6.0% to about 25.0%, about 6.0% to about 30.0%, about 7.0%to about 8.0%, about 7.0% to about 9.0%, about 7.0% to about 10.0%,about 7.0% to about 11.0%, about 7.0% to about 12.0%, about 7.0% toabout 13.0%, about 7.0% to about 14.0%, about 7.0% to about 15.0%, about7.0% to about 20.0%, about 7.0% to about 25.0%, about 7.0% to about30.0%, about 8.0% to about 9.0%, about 8.0% to about 10.0%, about 8.0%to about 11.0%, about 8.0% to about 12.0%, about 8.0% to about 13.0%,about 8.0% to about 14.0%, about 8.0% to about 15.0%, about 8.0% toabout 20.0%, about 8.0% to about 25.0%, about 8.0% to about 30.0%, about9.0% to about 10.0%, about 9.0% to about 11.0%, about 9.0% to about12.0%, about 9.0% to about 13.0%, about 9.0% to about 14.0%, about 9.0%to about 15.0%, about 9.0% to about 20.0%, about 9.0% to about 25.0%,about 9.0% to about 30.0%, about 10.0% to about 11.0%, about 10.0% toabout 12.0%, about 10.0% to about 13.0%, about 10.0% to about 14.0%,about 10.0% to about 15.0%, about 10.0% to about 20.0%, about 10.0% toabout 25.0%, about 10.0% to about 30.0%, about 15.0% to about 20.0%,about 15.0% to about 25.0%, about 15.0% to about 30.0%, about 20.0% toabout 25.0%, about 20.0% to about 30.0%, or about 20.0% to about 30.0%,by weight of the composition.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisea guanide-containing compound. In another embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein does not comprise biguanide. In another embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein does not comprise a biguanide-containingcompound. In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does notcomprise biguanidine. In another embodiment, a composition disclosedherein does not comprise a biguanidine-containing compound. In anotherembodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprise triguanide.In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisea triguanide-containing compound.

A composition disclosed herein may comprise an aldehyde-containingcompound. An aldehyde-containing compound can be a linear aldehyde, abranched aldehyde, a cyclic aldehyde an aromatic aldehyde, a lineardialdehyde, a branched dialdehyde, a cyclic dialdehyde, or an aromaticdialdehyde.

An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a —CHO functional groupand having a carbonyl center (a carbon double-bonded to oxygen) with thecarbon atom also bonded to hydrogen and an R group. In one embodiment,an aldehyde disclosed herein is a compound of formula V, wherein the R¹group can be H, a C₁₋₆ alkyl, a C₁₋₆ alkane, a C₁₋₆ alkyne, a C₃₋₆cyclic alkyl, or a C₃₋₆ aryl.

Non-limiting examples of an aldehyde include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde,propionaldehyde, and butyraldehyde.

A dialdehyde is an organic chemical compound with two aldehyde groups.In one embodiment, an aldehyde disclosed herein is a compound of formulaVI, wherein the R² group can be a bond, a C₁₋₆ alkyl, a C₁₋₆ alkane, aC₁₋₆ alkyne, a C₃₋₆ cyclic alkyl, or a C₃₋₆ aryl.

Non-limiting examples of a dialdehyde include oxaldehyde,malondialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, succinicdialdehyde, phthalaldehyde(ortho-phthalaldehyde), isophthalaldehyde (meta-phthalaldehyde), andterephthalaldehyde (para-phthalaldehyde).

In one embodiment, a single aldehyde-containing compound is present in acomposition disclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality ofaldehyde-containing compounds is present in a composition disclosedherein. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises, e.g., one or more aldehyde-containing compounds, two or morealdehyde-containing compounds, three or more aldehyde-containingcompounds, four or more aldehyde-containing compounds or five or morealdehyde-containing compounds. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., only onealdehyde-containing compound, at most two aldehyde-containing compounds,at most three aldehyde-containing compounds, at most fouraldehyde-containing compounds, or at most five aldehyde-containingcompounds. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1 to 2 aldehyde-containingcompounds, 1 to 3 aldehyde-containing compounds, 1 to 4aldehyde-containing compounds, 1 to 5 aldehyde-containing compounds, 2to 3 aldehyde-containing compounds, 2 to 4 aldehyde-containingcompounds, 2 to 5 aldehyde-containing compounds, 3 to 4aldehyde-containing compounds, 3 to 5 aldehyde-containing compounds or 4to 5 aldehyde-containing compounds.

Any amount of an aldehyde-containing compound disclosed herein may beused, with the proviso that the amount is useful to practice the methodsdisclosed herein. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises an aldehyde-containing compound in an amount of, e.g.,about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about9.0% or about 10.0% by weight of the composition. In other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises analdehyde-containing compound in an amount of, e.g., at least 0.01%, atleast 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, atleast 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%,at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, or at least10.0% by weight of the composition. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises analdehyde-containing compound in an amount of, e.g., at most 0.01%, atmost 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%,at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%,at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, atmost 8.0%, at most 9.0% or at most 10.0% by weight of the composition.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises an aldehyde-containing compound in an amount of, e.g.,about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% toabout 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about0.2% to about 1.0%, about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%,about 0.2% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about1.5%, about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% toabout 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%,about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% to about7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% toabout 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about2.0% to about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%,about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% toabout 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%,about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% toabout 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0% orabout 5.0% to about 15.0% by weight of the composition.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesan aldehyde-containing compound in an amount of, e.g., 100 ppm, 125 ppm,150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm,350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm,550 ppm, 575 ppm, 600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm,750 ppm, 775 ppm, 800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm,950 ppm, 975 ppm, or 1,000 ppm. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises an aldehyde-containing compoundin an amount of, e.g., at least 100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250ppm, at least 275 ppm, at least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350ppm, at least 375 ppm, at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450ppm, at least 475 ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550ppm, at least 575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650ppm, at least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950ppm, at least 975 ppm, or at least 1,000 ppm. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises analdehyde-containing compound in an amount of, e.g., at most 100 ppm, atmost 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200 ppm, at most225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300 ppm, at most 325ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, at most 425 ppm,at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most 525 ppm, atmost 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm,at most 875 ppm, at most 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, atmost 975 ppm, or at most 1,000 ppm.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises an aldehyde-containing compound in an amount of, e.g.,about 100 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 300 ppm, about100 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 100 ppmto about 600 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 100 ppm to about800 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 1,000ppm, about 200 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm,about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm, about200 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 200 ppmto about 900 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 300 ppm toabout 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 300 ppm to about600 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 800 ppm,about 300 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about400 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppmto about 700 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about900 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600ppm, about 500 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm,about 500 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about600 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppmto about 900 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm toabout 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to about1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000ppm, or about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisean aldehyde-containing compound.

In one embodiment, a single aldehyde is present in a compositiondisclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality of aldehydes ispresent in a composition disclosed herein. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., one or morealdehydes, two or more aldehydes, three or more aldehydes, four or morealdehydes or five or more aldehydes. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., only onealdehyde, at most two aldehydes, at most three aldehydes, at most fouraldehydes, or at most five aldehydes. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1 to 2aldehydes, 1 to 3 aldehydes, 1 to 4 aldehydes, 1 to 5 aldehydes, 2 to 3aldehydes, 2 to 4 aldehydes, 2 to 5 aldehydes, 3 to 4 aldehydes, 3 to 5aldehydes or 4 to 5 aldehydes.

Any amount of an aldehyde disclosed herein may be used, with the provisothat the amount is useful to practice the methods disclosed herein. Inaspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises analdehyde in an amount of, e.g., about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%,about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%,about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%,about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%,about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about 9.0% or about 10.0% by weight of thecomposition. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises an aldehyde in an amount of, e.g., at least0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%,at least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, atleast 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%,or at least 10.0% by weight of the composition. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises an aldehyde inan amount of, e.g., at most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, atmost 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, atmost 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, atmost 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at most 9.0% or atmost 10.0% by weight of the composition.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises an aldehyde in an amount of, e.g., about 0.1% to about0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% toabout 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%,about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to about2.5%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% toabout 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 3.0%, about0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 2.5%,about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% toabout 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about1.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to about 3.0%,about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%, about 2.0% to about6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.5%, about 2.0% toabout 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% to about 10.0%, about5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.5%,about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0%to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0% or about 5.0% to about 15.0%by weight of the composition.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesan aldehyde in an amount of, e.g., 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm,200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm,400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm,600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm,800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm,or 1,000 ppm. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises an aldehyde in an amount of, e.g., at least100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, at least300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm, at least400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475 ppm, at least500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least 575 ppm, at least600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at least 675 ppm, at least700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850 ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, or atleast 1,000 ppm. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises an aldehyde in an amount of, e.g., at most100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300 ppm,at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, atmost 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm,at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, atmost 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, or at most 1,000 ppm.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises an aldehyde in an amount of, e.g., about 100 ppm toabout 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 600 ppm,about 100 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 800 ppm, about100 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 200ppm to about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm toabout 500 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 200 ppm to about700 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 400 ppm, about300 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 300 ppmto about 700 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 300 ppm to about900 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 500ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 700 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm, about400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500ppm to about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm toabout 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 800 ppm, about700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800ppm to about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, or about 900 ppmto about 1,000 ppm.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisean aldehyde.

In one embodiment, a single dialdehyde is present in a compositiondisclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality of dialdehydes ispresent in a composition disclosed herein. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., one or moredialdehydes, two or more dialdehydes, three or more dialdehydes, four ormore dialdehydes or five or more dialdehydes. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., only onedialdehyde, at most two dialdehydes, at most three dialdehydes, at mostfour dialdehydes, or at most five dialdehydes. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1to 2 dialdehydes, 1 to 3 dialdehydes, 1 to 4 dialdehydes, 1 to 5dialdehydes, 2 to 3 dialdehydes, 2 to 4 dialdehydes, 2 to 5 dialdehydes,3 to 4 dialdehydes, 3 to 5 dialdehydes or 4 to 5 dialdehydes.

Any amount of a dialdehyde disclosed herein may be used, with theproviso that the amount is useful to practice the methods disclosedherein. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises a dialdehyde in an amount of, e.g., about 0.01%, about 0.05%,about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about6.0%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about 9.0% or about 10.0% byweight of the composition. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises a dialdehyde in an amount of,e.g., at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, atleast 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, atleast 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%,at least 9.0%, or at least 10.0% by weight of the composition. In yetother aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises a dialdehyde in an amount of, e.g., at most 0.01%, at most0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%, atmost 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, atmost 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, atmost 8.0%, at most 9.0% or at most 10.0% by weight of the composition.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises a dialdehyde in an amount of, e.g., about 0.1% to about0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% toabout 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%,about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to about2.5%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% toabout 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 3.0%, about0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 2.5%,about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% toabout 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about1.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to about 3.0%,about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%, about 2.0% to about6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.5%, about 2.0% toabout 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% to about 10.0%, about5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.5%,about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0%to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0% or about 5.0% to about 15.0%by weight of the composition.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesa dialdehyde in an amount of, e.g., 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm,200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm,400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm,600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm,800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm,or 1,000 ppm. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises a dialdehyde in an amount of, e.g., at least100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, at least300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm, at least400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475 ppm, at least500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least 575 ppm, at least600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at least 675 ppm, at least700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850 ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, or atleast 1,000 ppm. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises a dialdehyde in an amount of, e.g., at most100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300 ppm,at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, atmost 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm,at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, atmost 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, or at most 1,000 ppm.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises a dialdehyde in an amount of, e.g., about 100 ppm toabout 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 600 ppm,about 100 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 800 ppm, about100 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 200ppm to about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm toabout 500 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 200 ppm to about700 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 400 ppm, about300 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 300 ppmto about 700 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 300 ppm to about900 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 500ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 700 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm, about400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500ppm to about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm toabout 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 800 ppm, about700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800ppm to about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, or about 900 ppmto about 1,000 ppm.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisea dialdehyde.

A composition disclosed herein may comprise an organic peroxide. Anorganic peroxide is an organic compound containing a peroxide (ROOR′)functional group. If one of the R groups is a hydrogen, the compound isreferred to as an organic hydroperoxide. In one embodiment, an organicperoxide disclosed herein is a compound of formula VII, wherein R³ andR⁴ can each be independently H, a C₁₋₆ alkyl, a C₁₋₆ alkane, a C₁₋₆alkyne, a C₃₋₆ cyclic alkyl, or a C₃₋₆ aryl.

Non-limiting examples of an organic peroxide include benzoyl peroxideand ethaneperoxoic acid (peracetic acid).

In one embodiment, a single organic peroxide is present in a compositiondisclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality of organicperoxides is present in a composition disclosed herein. In aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., one ormore organic peroxides, two or more organic peroxides, three or moreorganic peroxides, four or more organic peroxides or five or moreorganic peroxides. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises, e.g., only one organic peroxide, at most twoorganic peroxides, at most three organic peroxides, at most four organicperoxides, or at most five organic peroxides. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1to 2 organic peroxides, 1 to 3 organic peroxides, 1 to 4 organicperoxides, 1 to 5 organic peroxides, 2 to 3 organic peroxides, 2 to 4organic peroxides, 2 to 5 organic peroxides, 3 to 4 organic peroxides, 3to 5 organic peroxides or 4 to 5 organic peroxides.

Any amount of an organic peroxide disclosed herein may be used, with theproviso that the amount is useful to practice the methods disclosedherein. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises an organic peroxide in an amount of, e.g., about 0.01%, about0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%,about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%,about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%,about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about 9.0% or about10.0% by weight of the composition. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises an organic peroxide in anamount of, e.g., at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, atleast 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, atleast 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%,at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, or at least 10.0% by weight of thecomposition. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises an organic peroxide in an amount of, e.g., atmost 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most 0.25%,at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%,at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, atmost 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at most 9.0% or at most 10.0% by weight of thecomposition.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises an organic peroxide in an amount of, e.g., about 0.1%to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about 1.0%,about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about2.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% toabout 1.0%, about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about0.2% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%,about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% toabout 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%, about1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.0%,about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% toabout 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%, about2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.5%,about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% to about10.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about 5.0% toabout 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%, about5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% to about12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0% or about5.0% to about 15.0% by weight of the composition.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesan organic peroxide in an amount of, e.g., 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm,175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm,375 ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm,575 ppm, 600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm,775 ppm, 800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm,975 ppm, or 1,000 ppm. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises an organic peroxide in an amountof, e.g., at least 100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least175 ppm, at least 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least275 ppm, at least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least375 ppm, at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least475 ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at least675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm, at least775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850 ppm, at least875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950 ppm, at least975 ppm, or at least 1,000 ppm. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises an organic peroxide in anamount of, e.g., at most 100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, atmost 175 ppm, at most 200 ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most275 ppm, at most 300 ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375ppm, at most 400 ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm,at most 500 ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, atmost 600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900 ppm,at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, or at most 1,000 ppm.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises an organic peroxide in an amount of, e.g., about 100ppm to about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm toabout 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 100 ppm to about600 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 800 ppm,about 100 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about200 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 200 ppmto about 500 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 200 ppm to about700 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 400 ppm, about300 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 300 ppmto about 700 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 300 ppm to about900 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 500ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 700 ppm,about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm, about400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500ppm to about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm toabout 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm,about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 800 ppm, about700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800ppm to about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, or about 900 ppmto about 1,000 ppm.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisean organic peroxide.

A composition disclosed herein may comprise one or more alcohols. Anorganic peroxide is an organic compound containing a peroxide (ROOR′)functional group. If one of the R groups is a hydrogen, the compound isreferred to as an organic hydroperoxide. In one embodiment, an organicperoxide disclosed herein is a compound of formula VII, wherein R³ andR⁴ can each be independently H, a C₁₋₆ alkyl, a C₁₋₆ alkane, a C₁₋₆alkyne, a C₃₋₆ cyclic alkyl, or a C₃₋₆ aryl.

An alcohol is an organic molecule comprising a hydroxyl functional group(—OH) bond to a carbon atom, where the carbon atom is saturated. Inaspects of this embodiment, the alcohol may be, e.g., a C₂₋₄ alcohol, aC₁₋₄ alcohol, a C₁₋₅ alcohol, a C₁₋₇ alcohol, a C₁₋₁₀ alcohol, a C₁₋₁₅alcohol, or a C₁₋₂₀ alcohol. In other aspects of this embodiment, analcohol may be, e.g., a primary alcohol, a secondary alcohol, or atertiary alcohol. In other aspects of this embodiment, an alcohol maybe, e.g., an acyclic alcohol, a monohydric alcohol, a polyhydric alcohol(also known as a polyol or sugar alcohol), an unsaturated aliphaticalcohol, an alicyclic alcohol, or a combination thereof. Examples of amonohydric alcohol include, without limitation, methanol, ethanol,propanol, isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, and 1-hexadecanol. Examples ofa polyhydric alcohol include, without limitation, glycol, glycerol,arabitol, erythritol, xylitol, maltitol, sorbitol (gluctiol), mannitol,inositol, lactitol, galactitol (iditol), and isomalt. Examples of anunsaturated aliphatic alcohol include, without limitation,prop-2-ene-1-ol, 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol, and prop-2-in-1-ol.Examples of an alicyclic alcohol include, without limitation,cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol and2-(2-propyl)-5-methyl-cyclohexane-1-ol.

In one embodiment, a single alcohol is present in a compositiondisclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality of alcohols ispresent in a composition disclosed herein. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., one or morealcohols, two or more alcohols, three or more alcohols, four or morealcohols or five or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., only one alcohol, atmost two alcohols, at most three alcohols, at most four alcohols, or atmost five alcohols. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1 to 2 alcohols, 1 to3 alcohols, 1 to 4 alcohols, 1 to 5 alcohols, 2 to 3 alcohols, 2 to 4alcohols, 2 to 5 alcohols, 3 to 4 alcohols, 3 to 5 alcohols or 4 to 5alcohols.

In aspects of this embodiment, a plurality of alcohols is present in acomposition disclosed herein may comprise, e.g., about 95% of a firstalcohol and about 5% of a second alcohol, about 90% of a first alcoholand about 10% of a second alcohol, about 80% of a first alcohol andabout 20% of a second alcohol, about 70% of a first alcohol and about30% of a second alcohol, about 66.7% of a first alcohol and about 33.3%of a second alcohol, about 60% of a first alcohol and about 40% of asecond alcohol, about 50% of a first alcohol and about 50% of a secondalcohol, about 40% of a first alcohol and about 60% of a second alcohol,about 30% of a first alcohol and about 70% of a second alcohol, about20% of a first alcohol and about 80% of a second alcohol, about 10% of afirst alcohol and about 90% of a second alcohol, about 5% of a firstalcohol and about 95% of a second alcohol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the ratio of a first alcohol to a second alcohol is, e.g.,100:1, 90:1, 80:1, 70:1, 60:1, 50:1, 40:1, 30:1, 20:1, 19:1, 18:1, 17:1,16:1, 15:1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1, 11:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1,3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12,1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60,1:70, 1:80, 1:90, or 1:100. In other aspects, the first alcohol isisopropanol and the second alcohol is ethanol.

Any amount of an alcohol disclosed herein may be used, with the provisothat the amount is useful to practice the methods disclosed herein. Inaspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises analcohol in an amount of, e.g., about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%,about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about85%, about 90%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, or about99%, by weight of the composition. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises an alcohol in an amount of,e.g., at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%, by weight of thecomposition. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises an alcohol in an amount of, e.g., at most 5%,at most 10%, at most 15%, at most 20%, at most 25%, at most 30%, at most35%, at most 40%, at most 45%, at most 50%, at most 55%, at most 60%, atmost 65%, at most 70%, at most 75%, at most 80%, at most 85%, at most90%, at most 95%, at most 96%, at most 97%, at most 98%, or at most 99%,by weight of the composition. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises an alcohol in an amount of,e.g., about 5% to about 10%, about 5% to about 20%, about 5% to about30%, about 5% to about 40%, about 5% to about 50%, about 5% to about60%, about 5% to about 70%, about 5% to about 80%, about 5% to about90%, about 5% to about 95%, about 5% to about 97%, about 5% to about99%, about 10% to about 20%, about 10% to about 30%, about 10% to about40%, about 10% to about 50%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about70%, about 10% to about 80%, about 10% to about 90%, about 10% to about95%, about 10% to about 97%, about 10% to about 99%, about 20% to about30%, about 20% to about 40%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about60%, about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 80%, about 20% to about90%, about 20% to about 95%, about 20% to about 97%, about 20% to about99%, about 30% to about 40%, about 30% to about 50%, about 30% to about60%, about 30% to about 70%, about 30% to about 80%, about 30% to about90%, about 30% to about 95%, about 30% to about 97%, about 30% to about99%, about 35% to about 40%, about 35% to about 50%, about 35% to about60%, about 35% to about 70%, about 35% to about 80%, about 35% to about90%, about 35% to about 95%, about 35% to about 97%, about 35% to about99%, about 40% to about 50%, about 40% to about 60%, about 40% to about70%, about 40% to about 80%, about 40% to about 90%, about 40% to about95%, about 40% to about 97%, about 40% to about 99%, about 45% to about50%, about 45% to about 60%, about 45% to about 70%, about 45% to about80%, about 45% to about 90%, about 45% to about 95%, about 45% to about97%, about 45% to about 99%, about 50% to about 60%, about 50% to about70%, about 50% to about 80%, about 50% to about 90%, about 50% to about95%, about 50% to about 97%, about 50% to about 99%, about 60% to about70%, about 60% to about 80%, about 60% to about 90%, about 60% to about95%, about 60% to about 97%, about 60% to about 99%, about 70% to about80%, about 70% to about 90%, about 70% to about 95%, about 70% to about97%, about 70% to about 99%, about 80% to about 90%, about 80% to about95%, about 80% to about 97%, about 80% to about 99%, about 90% to about95%, about 90% to about 97%, about 90% to about 99%, by weight of thecomposition.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesa plurality of alcohols in a total amount of, e.g., about 5%, about 10%,about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%,about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about98%, or about 99%, by weight of the composition. In other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises a plurality ofalcohols in a total amount of, e.g., at least 5%, at least 10%, at least15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least99%, by weight of the composition. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises a plurality ofalcohols in a total amount of, e.g., at most 5%, at most 10%, at most15%, at most 20%, at most 25%, at most 30%, at most 35%, at most 40%, atmost 45%, at most 50%, at most 55%, at most 60%, at most 65%, at most70%, at most 75%, at most 80%, at most 85%, at most 90%, at most 95%, atmost 96%, at most 97%, at most 98%, or at most 99%, by weight of thecomposition. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises a plurality of alcohols in a total amount of,e.g., about 5% to about 10%, about 5% to about 20%, about 5% to about30%, about 5% to about 40%, about 5% to about 50%, about 5% to about60%, about 5% to about 70%, about 5% to about 80%, about 5% to about90%, about 5% to about 95%, about 5% to about 97%, about 5% to about99%, about 10% to about 20%, about 10% to about 30%, about 10% to about40%, about 10% to about 50%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about70%, about 10% to about 80%, about 10% to about 90%, about 10% to about95%, about 10% to about 97%, about 10% to about 99%, about 20% to about30%, about 20% to about 40%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about60%, about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 80%, about 20% to about90%, about 20% to about 95%, about 20% to about 97%, about 20% to about99%, about 30% to about 40%, about 30% to about 50%, about 30% to about60%, about 30% to about 70%, about 30% to about 80%, about 30% to about90%, about 30% to about 95%, about 30% to about 97%, about 30% to about99%, about 35% to about 40%, about 35% to about 50%, about 35% to about60%, about 35% to about 70%, about 35% to about 80%, about 35% to about90%, about 35% to about 95%, about 35% to about 97%, about 35% to about99%, about 40% to about 50%, about 40% to about 60%, about 40% to about70%, about 40% to about 80%, about 40% to about 90%, about 40% to about95%, about 40% to about 97%, about 40% to about 99%, about 45% to about50%, about 45% to about 60%, about 45% to about 70%, about 45% to about80%, about 45% to about 90%, about 45% to about 95%, about 45% to about97%, about 45% to about 99%, about 50% to about 60%, about 50% to about70%, about 50% to about 80%, about 50% to about 90%, about 50% to about95%, about 50% to about 97%, about 50% to about 99%, about 60% to about70%, about 60% to about 80%, about 60% to about 90%, about 60% to about95%, about 60% to about 97%, about 60% to about 99%, about 70% to about80%, about 70% to about 90%, about 70% to about 95%, about 70% to about97%, about 70% to about 99%, about 80% to about 90%, about 80% to about95%, about 80% to about 97%, about 80% to about 99%, about 90% to about95%, about 90% to about 97%, about 90% to about 99%, by weight of thecomposition.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisean alcohol. In an aspect of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein does not comprise an ethanol. In another aspect of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprise anisopropanol.

A composition disclosed herein may comprise a carrier. A carrier, alsoknown as a vehicle, can be any material typically known in the skincare, cosmetic and medical arts that is used as a base to formulate acomposition disclosed herein. A carrier may be an aqueous carrier, asemi-solid carrier or a solid carrier. A carrier can also provide a skincare benefit as disclosed herein. A carrier includes, withoutlimitation, water, a vegetable oil, a mineral oil, an ester oil, anether, an alcohol, a fatty alcohol, an isoparaffin, a hydrocarbon oil, apolyol, and a wax. Non-limiting examples of an ester oil include octalpalmitate, isopropyl myristate and isopropyl palmitate. Non-limitingexamples of an ether includes dicapryl ether and dimethyl isosorbide.Non-limiting examples of an alcohol includes ethanol and isopropanol.Non-limiting examples of a fatty alcohol include cetyl alcohol, cetearylalcohol, stearyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol. Non-limiting examples ofan isoparaffin include isooctane, isododecane (IDD) and isohexadecane.Non-limiting examples of a hydrocarbon oil include mineral oil,petrolatum, isoeicosane and a polyolefin, including (hydrogenated)polyisobutene. Non-limiting examples of a polyol include propyleneglycol, glycerin, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol,caprylyl glycol. Non-limiting examples of a wax include beeswax,carnauba, ozokerite, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, and abotanical wax.

In one embodiment, a single carrier is present in a compositiondisclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality of carriers ispresent in a composition disclosed herein. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., one or morecarriers, two or more carriers, three or more carriers, four or morecarriers or five or more carriers. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., only one carrier, atmost two carriers, at most three carriers, at most four carriers, or atmost five carriers. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1 to 2 carriers, 1 to3 carriers, 1 to 4 carriers, 1 to 5 carriers, 2 to 3 carriers, 2 to 4carriers, 2 to 5 carriers, 3 to 4 carriers, 3 to 5 carriers or 4 to 5carriers.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises anamount of carrier that provides a desired formulative or beneficialeffect to a composition disclosed herein. In aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises a carrier in an amount of,e.g., at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% by weightof the composition. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises a carrier in an amount of, e.g., at most 25%,at most 30%, at most 35%, at most 40%, at most 45%, at most 50%, at most55%, at most 60%, at most 65%, at most 70%, at most 75%, at most 80%, atmost 85%, at most 90%, at most 95%, at most 96%, at most 97%, at most98% or at most 99% by weight of the composition. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises a carrier inan amount of from, e.g., about 25% to about 50%, about 25% to about 75%,about 25% to about 90%, about 25% to about 95%, about 25% to about 96%,about 25% to about 97%, about 25% to about 98%, about 25% to about 99%,about 50% to about 75%, about 50% to about 90%, about 50% to about 95%,about 50% to about 96%, about 50% to about 97%, about 50% to about 98%,about 50% to about 99%, about 75% to about 80%, about 75% to about 85%,about 75% to about 90%, about 75% to about 95%, about 75% to about 96%,about 75% to about 97%, about 75% to about 98%, about 75% to about 99%,about 80% to about 85%, about 80% to about 90%, about 80% to about 95%,about 80% to about 96%, about 80% to about 97%, about 80% to about 98%,about 80% to about 99%, about 85% to about 90%, about 85% to about 95%,about 85% to about 96%, about 85% to about 97%, about 85% to about 98%,about 85% to about 99%, about 90% to about 95%, about 90% to about 96%,about 90% to about 97%, about 90% to about 98%, about 90% to about 99%,or about 95% to about 99%, by weight of the composition.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises acarrier which is not an alcohol. In aspects of this embodiment, when acomposition disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine, then the composition may comprise a carrier wherethe carrier is not an alcohol.

A composition disclosed herein may further optionally include additionalingredients. An additional ingredient is one known to be useful infinishing a composition disclosed herein. An additional ingredientincludes, without limitation, a surfactant, a preservative, or achelating agent. An additional ingredient disclosed herein is known inthe art.

Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension of a liquid,allowing easier spreading, and lowering of the interfacial tensionbetween two liquids, or between a liquid and a solid. By acting at theinterface of two surfaces, surfactants modulate the interfacial tensionresulting in the formation of the foam. Either a single surfactant maybe mixed with the buffered solution disclosed herein, or a plurality ofsurfactants may be mixed with the buffered solution disclosed herein.Useful surfactants, include, without limitation, ionic surfactants,zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, or anycombination therein. The surfactant used in a composition disclosedherein can be varied as appropriate by one skilled in the art andgenerally depends, in part, on the particular buffer being used, theprotein being eluted, and the conductivity values being employed.

Ionic surfactants include anionic surfactants. Anionic surfactantsinclude ones based on permanent functional groups attached to the head,such as, e.g., sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate carboxylates) or pHdependent anionic surfactants. Anionic surfactants include, withoutlimitation, alkyl sulfates like ammonium lauryl sulfate and sodiumlauryl sulfate (SDS); alkyl ether sulfates like sodium laureth sulfateand sodium myreth sulfate; docusates like dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate;sulfonate fluorosurfactants like perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) andperfluorobutanesulfonate; alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonates like DOWFAX™2A1 (Disodium Lauryl Phenyl Ether Disulfonate), DOWFAX™ 3B2 (DisodiumDecyl Phenyl Ether Disulfonate), DOWFAX™ C10L (Disodium Decyl PhenylEther Disulfonate), DOWFAX™ 2EP, and DOWFAX™ 8390 (Disodium Cetyl PhenylEther Disulfonate); potassium phosphate polyether esters like TRITON™H-55 and TRITON™ H-66; alkyl benzene sulfonates; alkyl aryl etherphosphates; alkyl ether phosphates; alkyl carboxylates like fatty acidsalts and sodium stearate; sodium lauroyl sarcosinate; carboxylatefluorosurfactants like perfluorononanoate and perfluorooctanoate; andSodium Hexyldiphenyl Ether Sulfonate (DOWFAX™ C6L).

Ionic surfactants also include cationic surfactants. Cationicsurfactants include ones based on permanent or pH dependent cationicsurfactants, such as, e.g., primary, secondary or tertiary amines.Cationic surfactants include, without limitation, quaternary ammoniumsurfactants like alkyl-trimethylammonium salts andalkyl-benzyldimethylammonium salts as well as pH-dependent primary,secondary or tertiary amines like surfactants where the primary aminesbecome positively charged at pH greater than 10, or the secondary aminesbecome charged at pH less than 4, like octenidine dihydrochloride.Non-limiting examples of quaternary ammonium surfactants include firstgeneration quaternary ammonium surfactants comprising C₁₂₋₁₈ alkylchains, second generation quaternary ammonium surfactants comprisingaromatic ring groups, third generation quaternary ammonium surfactantscomprising dual first generation quaternary ammonium compounds and/ormixtures of alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, fourth generationquaternary ammonium surfactants comprising dialkylmethyl aminos withtwin chains, fifth generation quaternary ammonium surfactants comprisingsynergistic combinations of dual quaternary ammonium compounds, sixgeneration quaternary ammonium surfactants comprising polymericquaternary ammonium compounds, and seventh generation quaternaryammonium surfactants comprising bis-quaternary ammonium compounds withpolymeric quaternary ammonium compounds. Quaternary ammonium surfactantsinclude, without limitation, benzalkonium chloride (BAC), benzethoniumchloride (BZT), benzododecinium bromide (ordimethyldodecylbenzylammonium bromide), bronidox, (or5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane), carbethopendecinium bromide, cetalkoniumchloride (CKC), cetrimonium, cetrimide, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC),cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB or cetrimonium bromide) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC or cetrimonium chloride),didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), dioctadecyldimethylammoniumbromide (DODAB or dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide),dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride (DODAC ordimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride), docosyltrimethylammonium chloride(DCTAC or behentrimonium chloride), dofanium chloride, domiphen bromide,methylbenzethonium chloride, octenidine dihydrochloride, polidroniumchloride, stearalkonium chloride (or dimethylbenzyloctadecylammonium),tetraethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) andthonzonium bromide. Other useful anionic surfactants include bio-basedanionic surfactants, including, without limitation, STEPONOL® AM 30-KE,an ammonium lauryl sulfate, and STEPONOL® EHS, a sodium 2-ethyl hexylsulfate. Such bio-based surfactants are not synthetic molecules, butinstead are anionic biosurfactants derived from organic matter such asplants.

Zwitterionic surfactants are based on primary, secondary or tertiaryamines or quaternary ammonium cation with a sulfonate, a carboxylate, ora phosphate. Zwitterionic surfactants include, without limitation,3-[(3-Cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS);sultaines like cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine; betaines likecocamidopropyl betaine; or lecithins.

Non-ionic surfactants are less denaturing and as such are useful tosolubilize membrane proteins and lipids while retaining protein-proteininteractions. Nonionic surfactants include polyether nonionicsurfactants, polyhydroxyl nonionic surfactants and biosurfactants.Nonionic surfactants include alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenolethoxylates, phenol ethoxylates, amide ethoxylates, glycerideethoxylates, fatty acid ethoxylates, fatty amine ethoxylates andpolyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA). Other useful non-ionic surfactantsinclude bio-based non-ionic surfactants, including, without limitation,STEPOSOL® MET-10U, a metathesis-derived, nonionic surfactant that is anunsaturated, short chain amide. Such bio-based surfactants are notsynthetic molecules, but instead are non-ionic biosurfactants derivedfrom organic matter such as plants.

Non-limiting examples of surfactants include polyoxyethylene glycolsorbitan alkyl esters (or ethoxylated sorbital esters) like polysorbate20 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 20), polysorbate 40 sorbitan monooleate(TWEEN® 40), polysorbate 60 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 60), polysorbate61 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 61), polysorbate 65 sorbitan monooleate(TWEEN® 65), polysorbate 80 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 80), polysorbate81 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 81) and polysorbate 85 sorbitanmonooleate (TWEEN® 85); sorbital esters like sorbitan monooleate,sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate andsorbitan tristearate; polyglycerol esters like glycerol monooleate,glycerol monolaurate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol monostearate,glycerol trioleate, glycerol ricinoleate, glycerol tristearate, monodiglycerides and glycerol triacetate; ethoxylated polyglycerol esters;alkyl glucosides like arachidyl glucoside, C₁₂₋₂₀ alkyl glucoside,caprylyl/capryl glucoside, cetearyl glucoside, coco-glucoside, ethylglucoside and lauryl glucoside. decyl glucoside; ethoxylated alkylglucosides; sucrose esters like sucrose monooleate, sucrose monolaurate,sucrose monopalmitate, sucrose monostearate, sucrose trioleate, sucrosericinoleate, sucrose tristearate, sucrose diglycerides and sucrosetriacetate; ethoxylated sucrose ester; amine oxides; ethoxylatedalcohols; ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols; alkylamines; ethoxylatedalkylamines; ethoxylated alkyl phenols like ethoxylated nonyl phenol andethoxylated octyl phenol; alkyl polysaccharides; ethoxylated alkylpolysaccharides; ethoxylated fatty acids like ethoxylated castor oil;ethoxylated fatty alcohols like ethoxylated ceto-oleyl alcohol,ethoxylated ceto-stearyl alcohol, ethoxylated decyl alcohol, ethoxylateddodecyl alcohol and ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol; ethoxylated fattyamines; poloxamers (polyethylene-polypropylene copolymers), likePoloxamer 124 (PLURONIC® L44), Poloxamer 181 (PLURONIC® L61), Poloxamer182 (PLURONIC® L62), Poloxamer 184 (PLURONIC® L64), Poloxamer 188(PLURONIC® F68), Poloxamer 237 (PLURONIC® F87), Poloxamer 338 (PLURONIC®L108), and Poloxamer 407 (PLURONIC® F127); linear secondary alcoholethoxylates like TERGITOL™ 15-S-5, TERGITOL™ 15-S-7, TERGITOL™ 15-S-9,TERGITOL™ 15-S-12, TERGITOL™ 15-S-15, TERGITOL™ 15-S-20, TERGITOL™15-S-30 and TERGITOL™ 15-S-40; alkyl phenol polyglycol ethers;polyethylene glycol alkyl aryl ethers; polyoxyethylene glycol alkylethers, like octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, pentaethylene glycolmonododecyl ether, BRIJ® 30, and BRIJ® 35; 2-dodecoxyethanol(LUBROL®-PX); polyoxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers likepolyoxyethylene (4-5) p-t-octyl phenol (TRITON® X-45) andpolyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether (TRITON® X-100); polyoxyethyleneglycol alkylphenol ethers like Nonoxynol-9; phenoxypolyethoxylethanolslike nonylphenoxypolyethoxylethanol and octylphenoxypolyethoxylethanol(IGEPAL® CA-630 or NONIDET™ P-40); glucoside alkyl ethers like octylglucopyranoside; maltoside alkyl ethers like dodecyl maltopyranoside;thioglucoside alkyl ethers like heptyl thioglucopyranoside; digitonins;glycerol alkyl esters like glyceryl laurate; alkyl aryl polyethersulfates; alcohol sulfonates; sorbitan alkyl esters; cocamideethanolamines like cocamide monoethanolamine and cocamidediethanolamine; sucrose monolaurate; dodecyl dimethylamine oxide, andsodium cholate. Other non-limiting examples of surfactants useful in themethods disclosed herein can be found in, e.g., Winslow, et al., Methodsand Compositions for Simultaneously Isolating Hemoglobin from Red BloodCells and Inactivating Viruses, U.S. 2008/0138790; Pharmaceutical DosageForms and Drug Delivery Systems (Howard C. Ansel et al., eds.,Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, 7^(th) ed. 1999); Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy (Alfonso R. Gennaro ed.,Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 20^(th) ed. 2000); Goodman & Gilman'sThe Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (Joel G. Hardman et al., eds.,McGraw-Hill Professional, 10^(th) ed. 2001); and Handbook ofPharmaceutical Excipients (Raymond C. Rowe et al., APhA Publications,4^(th) edition 2003), each of which is hereby incorporated by referencein its entirety.

In one embodiment, a single surfactant is present in a compositiondisclosed herein. In another embodiment, a plurality of surfactants ispresent in a composition disclosed herein. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., one or moresurfactants, two or more surfactants, three or more surfactants, four ormore surfactants or five or more surfactants. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises, e.g., only onesurfactant, at most two surfactants, at most three surfactants, at mostfour surfactants, or at most five surfactants. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises from, e.g., 1to 2 surfactants, 1 to 3 surfactants, 1 to 4 surfactants, 1 to 5surfactants, 2 to 3 surfactants, 2 to 4 surfactants, 2 to 5 surfactants,3 to 4 surfactants, 3 to 5 surfactants or 4 to 5 surfactants.

Any amount of a surfactant disclosed herein may be used, with theproviso that the amount is useful to practice the methods disclosedherein. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises a surfactant in an amount of, e.g., about 0.001%, about0.005%, about 0.0075%, about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about7.5%, about 8.0%, about 9.0% or about 10.0% by weight of thecomposition. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises a surfactant in an amount of, e.g., at least0.001%, at least 0.005%, at least 0.0075%, at least 0.01%, at least0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, atleast 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%,at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, or at least 10.0% byweight of the composition. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises a surfactant in an amount of,e.g., at most 0.001%, at most 0.005%, at most 0.0075%, at most 0.01%, atmost 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%,at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%,at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, atmost 8.0%, at most 9.0% or at most 10.0% by weight of the composition.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises a surfactant in an amount of, e.g., about 0.001% toabout 0.005%, about 0.001% to about 0.0075%, about 0.001% to about0.01%, about 0.001% to about 0.025%, about 0.001% to about 0.05%, about0.001% to about 0.075%, about 0.001% to about 0.1%, about 0.001% toabout 0.25%, about 0.001% to about 0.75%, about 0.001% to about 1.0%,about 0.005% to about 0.0075%, about 0.005% to about 0.01%, about 0.005%to about 0.025%, about 0.005% to about 0.05%, about 0.005% to about0.075%, about 0.005% to about 0.1%, about 0.005% to about 0.25%, about0.005% to about 0.75%, about 0.005% to about 1.0%, about 0.01% to about0.05%, about 0.01% to about 0.075%, about 0.01% to about 0.1%, about0.01% to about 0.25%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.01% to about0.75%, about 0.01% to about 1.0%, about 0.01% to about 1.5%, about 0.01%to about 2.0%, about 0.01% to about 2.5%, about 0.05% to about 0.075%,about 0.05% to about 0.1%, about 0.05% to about 0.25%, about 0.05% toabout 0.5%, about 0.05% to about 0.75%, about 0.05% to about 1.0%, about0.05% to about 1.5%, about 0.05% to about 2.0%, about 0.05% to about2.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% toabout 1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 3.0%, about 0.1% to about 4.0%,about 0.1% to about 5.0%, about 0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%, about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% toabout 2.0%, about 0.2% to about 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about0.2% to about 4.0%, about 0.2% to about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%,about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about2.5%, about 0.5% to about 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% toabout 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 6.0%, about 0.5% to about 7.0%, about0.5% to about 8.0%, about 0.5% to about 9.0%, about 0.5% to about 10.0%,about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% toabout 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%,about 2.0% to about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about5.0%, about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% toabout 7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about2.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%,about 5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about9.0%, about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0%to about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0%,about 5.0% to about 15.0%, about 6.0% to about 7.0%, about 6.0% to about7.5%, about 6.0% to about 8.0%, about 6.0% to about 9.0%, about 6.0% toabout 10.0%, about 6.0% to about 11.0%, about 6.0% to about 12.0%, about6.0% to about 13.0%, about 6.0% to about 14.0% or about 6.0% to about15.0% by weight of the composition.

In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein does not comprisea surfactant.

A preservative preserves the stability of a composition disclosedherein. A preservatives can also prevent the growth of microbialorganisms in a composition disclosed herein. Non-limiting examples of apreservative include methylparaben, phenoxyethanol, capryl glycol,glyceryl caprylate, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, gallic acid, andpropylparaben.

A composition disclosed herein may be adjusted to any pH that enables acomposition disclosed herein to achieve a desired beneficial effect. Inaspects of this embodiment, the pH of a composition disclosed herein is,e.g., at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, atleast 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, or at least 11. In otheraspects of this embodiment, the pH of a composition disclosed herein is,e.g., at most 2, at most 3, at most 4, at most 5, at most 6, at most 7,at most 8, at most 9, at most 10, or at most 11.

In yet other aspects of this embodiment, the pH of a compositiondisclosed herein is between, e.g., about 2 to about 5, about 2 to about5.5, about 2 to about 6, about 2 to about 6.5, about 2 to about 7, about2 to about 7.5, about 2 to about 8, about 2 to about 8.5, about 2 toabout 9, about 2.5 to about 5, about 2.5 to about 5.5, about 2.5 toabout 6, about 2.5 to about 6.5, about 2.5 to about 7, about 2.5 toabout 7.5, about 2.5 to about 8, about 2.5 to about 8.5, about 2.5 toabout 9, about 3 to about 5, about 3 to about 5.5, about 3 to about 6,about 3 to about 6.5, about 3 to about 7, about 3 to about 7.5, about 3to about 8, about 3 to about 8.5, about 3 to about 9, about 3.5 to about5, about 3.5 to about 5.5, about 3.5 to about 6, about 3.5 to about 6.5,about 3.5 to about 7, about 3.5 to about 7.5, about 3.5 to about 8,about 3.5 to about 8.5, about 3.5 to about 9, about 4 to about 5, about4 to about 5.5, about 4 to about 6, about 4 to about 6.5, about 4 toabout 7, about 4 to about 7.5, about 4 to about 8, about 4 to about 8.5,about 4 to about 9, about 4.5 to about 5, about 4.5 to about 5.5, about4.5 to about 6, about 4.5 to about 6.5, about 4.5 to about 7, about 4.5to about 7.5, about 4.5 to about 8, about 4.5 to about 8.5, about 4.5 toabout 9, about 5 to about 5.5, about 5 to about 6, about 5 to about 6.5,about 5 to about 7, about 5 to about 7.5, about 5 to about 8, about 5 toabout 8.5, about 5 to about 9, about 5.5 to about 6, about 5.5 to about6.5, about 5.5 to about 7, about 5.5 to about 7.5, about 5.5 to about 8,about 5.5 to about 8.5, about 5.5 to about 9, about 6 to about 6.5,about 6 to about 7, about 6 to about 7.5, about 6 to about 8, about 6 toabout 8.5, about 6 to about 9, about 6.5 to about 7, about 6.5 to about7.5, about 6.5 to about 8, about 6.5 to about 8.5, about 6.5 to about 9,about 7 to about 7.5, about 7 to about 8, about 7 to about 8.5, about 7to about 9, about 7.5 to about 8, about 7.5 to about 8.5, about 7.5 toabout 9, about 8 to about 8.5, about 8 to about 9, or about 8.5 to about9.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, the pH of a compositiondisclosed herein is between, e.g., about 6 to about 8, about 6.7 toabout 7.7, about 6.8 to about 7.6, about 6.9 to about 7.5, about 7.0 toabout 7.4, about 7.1 to about 7.3, or about 7.2. In an aspect of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein is between, e.g., about 6 toabout 8, about 6.7 to about 7.7, about 6.8 to about 7.6, about 6.9 toabout 7.5, about 7.0 to about 7.4, about 7.1 to about 7.3, or about 7.2.In another embodiment, the pH of a composition disclosed herein isbetween, e.g., about 5.0 to about 6.5, about 5.2 to about 6.2, about 5.3to about 6.1, about 5.4 to about 6.0, about 5.5 to about 5.9, about 5.6to about 5.8, or about 5.7. In an aspect of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein is between, e.g., about 5.0 to about 6.5,about 5.2 to about 6.2, about 5.3 to about 6.1, about 5.4 to about 6.0,about 5.5 to about 5.9, about 5.6 to about 5.8, or about 5.7.

A composition disclosed herein is stable. In one embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein is stable when it shows, e.g., at most 1%degradation, at most 2% degradation, at most 3% degradation, at most 4%degradation, at most 5% degradation, at most 6% degradation, at most 7%degradation, at most 8% degradation, at most 9% degradation, or at most10% degradation of hypochlorous acid. In another embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein is stable when it shows, e.g., at most 10%degradation, at most 15% degradation, at most 20% degradation, at most25% degradation, at most 30% degradation, at most 35% degradation, atmost 40% degradation, at most 45% degradation, at most 50% degradation,at most 55% degradation, at most 60% degradation, at most 65%degradation, at most 70% degradation, at most 75% degradation, at most80% degradation, at most 85% degradation, at most 90% degradation, or atmost 95% degradation of hypochlorous acid. In another embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein is stable when it shows, e.g., about 1% toabout 10% degradation, about 1% to about 20% degradation, about 1% toabout 30% degradation, about 1% to about 40% degradation, about 1% toabout 50% degradation, about 1% to about 60% degradation, about 1% toabout 70% degradation, about 1% to about 80% degradation, about 1% toabout 90% degradation, about 1% to about 95% degradation, about 5% toabout 10% degradation, about 5% to about 20% degradation, about 5% toabout 30% degradation, about 5% to about 40% degradation, about 5% toabout 50% degradation, about 5% to about 60% degradation, about 5% toabout 70% degradation, about 5% to about 80% degradation, about 5% toabout 90% degradation, about 5% to about 95% degradation, about 10% toabout 20% degradation, about 10% to about 30% degradation, about 10% toabout 40% degradation, about 10% to about 50% degradation, about 10% toabout 60% degradation, about 10% to about 70% degradation, about 10% toabout 80% degradation, about 10% to about 90% degradation, about 10% toabout 95% degradation, 20% to about 30% degradation, about 20% to about40% degradation, about 20% to about 50% degradation, about 20% to about60% degradation, about 20% to about 70% degradation, about 20% to about80% degradation, about 20% to about 90% degradation, about 20% to about95% degradation, about 30% to about 40% degradation, about 30% to about50% degradation, about 30% to about 60% degradation, about 30% to about70% degradation, about 30% to about 80% degradation, about 30% to about90% degradation, about 30% to about 95% degradation, about 40% to about50% degradation, about 40% to about 60% degradation, about 40% to about70% degradation, about 40% to about 80% degradation, about 40% to about90% degradation, about 40% to about 95% degradation, about 50% to about60% degradation, about 50% to about 70% degradation, about 50% to about80% degradation, about 50% to about 90% degradation, about 50% to about95% degradation, about 60% to about 70% degradation, about 60% to about80% degradation, about 60% to about 90% degradation, about 60% to about95% degradation, about 70% to about 80% degradation, about 70% to about90% degradation, about 70% to about 95% degradation, about 80% to about90% degradation, about 80% to about 95% degradation, or about 90% toabout 95% degradation of hypochlorous acid.

In one embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stable when itshows, e.g., at most 1% degradation, at most 2% degradation, at most 3%degradation, at most 4% degradation, at most 5% degradation, at most 6%degradation, at most 7% degradation, at most 8% degradation, at most 9%degradation, or at most 10% degradation of free available chlorine. Inanother embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stable when itshows, e.g., at most 10% degradation, at most 15% degradation, at most20% degradation, at most 25% degradation, at most 30% degradation, atmost 35% degradation, at most 40% degradation, at most 45% degradation,at most 50% degradation, at most 55% degradation, at most 60%degradation, at most 65% degradation, at most 70% degradation, at most75% degradation, at most 80% degradation, at most 85% degradation, atmost 90% degradation, or at most 95% degradation of free availablechlorine. In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein isstable when it shows, e.g., about 1% to about 10% degradation, about 1%to about 20% degradation, about 1% to about 30% degradation, about 1% toabout 40% degradation, about 1% to about 50% degradation, about 1% toabout 60% degradation, about 1% to about 70% degradation, about 1% toabout 80% degradation, about 1% to about 90% degradation, about 1% toabout 95% degradation, about 5% to about 10% degradation, about 5% toabout 20% degradation, about 5% to about 30% degradation, about 5% toabout 40% degradation, about 5% to about 50% degradation, about 5% toabout 60% degradation, about 5% to about 70% degradation, about 5% toabout 80% degradation, about 5% to about 90% degradation, about 5% toabout 95% degradation, about 10% to about 20% degradation, about 10% toabout 30% degradation, about 10% to about 40% degradation, about 10% toabout 50% degradation, about 10% to about 60% degradation, about 10% toabout 70% degradation, about 10% to about 80% degradation, about 10% toabout 90% degradation, about 10% to about 95% degradation, 20% to about30% degradation, about 20% to about 40% degradation, about 20% to about50% degradation, about 20% to about 60% degradation, about 20% to about70% degradation, about 20% to about 80% degradation, about 20% to about90% degradation, about 20% to about 95% degradation, about 30% to about40% degradation, about 30% to about 50% degradation, about 30% to about60% degradation, about 30% to about 70% degradation, about 30% to about80% degradation, about 30% to about 90% degradation, about 30% to about95% degradation, about 40% to about 50% degradation, about 40% to about60% degradation, about 40% to about 70% degradation, about 40% to about80% degradation, about 40% to about 90% degradation, about 40% to about95% degradation, about 50% to about 60% degradation, about 50% to about70% degradation, about 50% to about 80% degradation, about 50% to about90% degradation, about 50% to about 95% degradation, about 60% to about70% degradation, about 60% to about 80% degradation, about 60% to about90% degradation, about 60% to about 95% degradation, about 70% to about80% degradation, about 70% to about 90% degradation, about 70% to about95% degradation, about 80% to about 90% degradation, about 80% to about95% degradation, or about 90% to about 95% degradation of free availablechlorine.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stablefor, e.g., about 1 day, about 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6, days, 7days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days or 15days. In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein is stable for, e.g., at least 1 day, at least 2 days, at least 3days, at least 4 days, at least 5 days, at least 6, days, at least 7days, at least 8 days, at least 9 days, at least 10 days, at least 11days, at least 12 days, at least 13 days, at least 14 days or at least15 days. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein is stable for, e.g., at most 1 day, at most 2 days, atmost 3 days, at most 4 days, at most 5 days, at most 6, days, at most 7days, at most 8 days, at most 9 days, at most 10 days, at most 11 days,at most 12 days, at most 13 days, at most 14 days or at most 15 days.

In still aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein isstable for, e.g., about 1 day to about 2 days, about 1 day to about 3days, about 1 day to about 4 days, about 1 day to about 5 days, about 1day to about 6 days, about 1 day to about 7 days, about 1 day to about 8days, about 1 day to about 9 days, about 1 day to about 10 days, about 1day to about 11 days, about 1 day to about 12 days, about 1 day to about13 days, about 1 day to about 14 days, about 1 day to about 15 days,about 2 days to about 3 days, about 2 days to about 4 days, about 2 daysto about 5 days, about 2 days to about 6 days, about 2 days to about 7days, about 2 days to about 8 days, about 2 days to about 9 days, about2 days to about 10 days, about 2 days to about 11 days, about 2 days toabout 12 days, about 2 days to about 13 days, about 2 days to about 14days, about 2 days to about 15 days, about 3 days to about 4 days, about3 days to about 5 days, about 3 days to about 6 days, about 3 days toabout 7 days, about 3 days to about 8 days, about 3 days to about 9days, about 3 days to about 10 days, about 3 days to about 11 days,about 3 days to about 12 days, about 3 days to about 13 days, about 3days to about 14 days, about 3 days to about 15 days, about 4 days toabout 5 days, about 4 days to about 6 days, about 4 days to about 7days, about 4 days to about 8 days, about 4 days to about 9 days, about4 days to about 10 days, about 4 days to about 11 days, about 4 days toabout 12 days, about 4 days to about 13 days, about 4 days to about 14days, about 4 days to about 15 days, about 5 days to about 6 days, about5 days to about 7 days, about 5 days to about 8 days, about 5 days toabout 9 days, about 5 days to about 10 days, about 5 days to about 11days, about 5 days to about 12 days, about 5 days to about 13 days,about 5 days to about 14 days, about 5 days to about 15 days, about 6days to about 7 days, about 6 days to about 8 days, about 6 days toabout 9 days, about 6 days to about 10 days, about 6 days to about 11days, about 6 days to about 12 days, about 6 days to about 13 days,about 6 days to about 14 days, about 6 days to about 15 days, about 7days to about 8 days, about 7 days to about 9 days, about 7 days toabout 10 days, about 7 days to about 11 days, about 7 days to about 12days, about 7 days to about 13 days, about 7 days to about 14 days,about 7 days to about 15 days, about 8 days to about 9 days, about 8days to about 10 days, about 8 days to about 11 days, about 8 days toabout 12 days, about 8 days to about 13 days, about 8 days to about 14days, about 8 days to about 15 days, about 9 days to about 10 days,about 9 days to about 11 days, about 9 days to about 12 days, about 9days to about 13 days, about 9 days to about 14 days, about 9 days toabout 15 days, about 10 days to about 11 days, about 10 days to about 12days, about 10 days to about 13 days, about 10 days to about 14 days,about 10 days to about 15 days, about 11 days to about 12 days, about 11days to about 13 days, about 11 days to about 14 days, about 11 days toabout 15 days, about 12 days to about 13 days, about 12 days to about 14days, about 12 days to about 15 days, about 13 days to about 14 days,about 13 days to about 15 days, or about 14 days to about 15 days.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein isstable for, e.g., about 1 week, about 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5weeks, 6, weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks or 15 weeks. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stable for, e.g., at least1 week, at least 2 weeks, at least 3 weeks, at least 4 weeks, at least 5weeks, at least 6, weeks, at least 7 weeks, at least 8 weeks, at least 9weeks, at least 10 weeks, at least 11 weeks, at least 12 weeks, at least13 weeks, at least 14 weeks or at least 15 weeks. In still other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stable for, e.g.,at most 1 week, at most 2 weeks, at most 3 weeks, at most 4 weeks, atmost 5 weeks, at most 6, weeks, at most 7 weeks, at most 8 weeks, atmost 9 weeks, at most 10 weeks, at most 11 weeks, at most 12 weeks, atmost 13 weeks, at most 14 weeks or at most 15 weeks.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stablefor, e.g., about 1 week to about 2 weeks, about 1 week to about 3 weeks,about 1 week to about 4 weeks, about 1 week to about 5 weeks, about 1week to about 6 weeks, about 1 week to about 7 weeks, about 1 week toabout 8 weeks, about 1 week to about 9 weeks, about 1 week to about 10weeks, about 1 week to about 11 weeks, about 1 week to about 12 weeks,about 1 week to about 13 weeks, about 1 week to about 14 weeks, about 1week to about 15 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 3 weeks, about 2 weeks toabout 4 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 5 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 6weeks, about 2 weeks to about 7 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 8 weeks,about 2 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 2weeks to about 11 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 2 weeksto about 13 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 2 weeks toabout 15 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 4 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 5weeks, about 3 weeks to about 6 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 7 weeks,about 3 weeks to about 8 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 3weeks to about 10 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 3 weeksto about 12 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 3 weeks toabout 14 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 4 weeks to about5 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 6 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 7 weeks,about 4 weeks to about 8 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 4weeks to about 10 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 4 weeksto about 12 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 4 weeks toabout 14 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 5 weeks to about6 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 7 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 8 weeks,about 5 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 5weeks to about 11 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 5 weeksto about 13 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 5 weeks toabout 15 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 7 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 8weeks, about 6 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 10 weeks,about 6 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 12 weeks, about6 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 6weeks to about 15 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 8 weeks, about 7 weeksto about 9 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 7 weeks toabout 11 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 7 weeks to about13 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 15weeks, about 8 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 8 weeks to about 10 weeks,about 8 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 8 weeks to about 12 weeks, about8 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 8 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 8weeks to about 15 weeks, about 9 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 9 weeksto about 11 weeks, about 9 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 9 weeks toabout 13 weeks, about 9 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 9 weeks to about15 weeks, about 10 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 10 weeks to about 12weeks, about 10 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 10 weeks to about 14weeks, about 10 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 11 weeks to about 12weeks, about 11 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 11 weeks to about 14weeks, about 11 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 12 weeks to about 13weeks, about 12 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 12 weeks to about 15weeks, about 13 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 13 weeks to about 15weeks, or about 14 weeks to about 15 weeks.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein isstable for, e.g., about 1 month, about 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5months, 6, months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months,12 months, 13 months, 14 months, 15 months, 16 months, 17 months, or 18months. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein is stable for, e.g., at least 1 month, at least 2 months, atleast 3 months, at least 4 months, at least 5 months, at least 6,months, at least 7 months, at least 8 months, at least 9 months, atleast 10 months, at least 11 months, at least 12 months, at least 13months, at least 14 months, at least 15 months, at least 16 months, atleast 17 months, or at least 18 months. In still other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stable for, e.g., at most1 month, at most 2 months, at most 3 months, at most 4 months, at most 5months, at most 6, months, at most 7 months, at most 8 months, at most 9months, at most 10 months, at most 11 months, at most 12 months, at most13 months, at most 14 months, at most 15 months, at most least 16months, at most 17 months, or at most 18 months.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stablefor, e.g., about 1 month to about 2 months, about 1 month to about 3months, about 1 month to about 4 months, about 1 month to about 5months, about 1 month to about 6 months, about 1 month to about 7months, about 1 month to about 8 months, about 1 month to about 9months, about 1 month to about 10 months, about 1 month to about 11months, about 1 month to about 12 months, about 1 month to about 13months, about 1 month to about 14 months, about 1 month to about 15months, about 1 month to about 16 months, about 1 month to about 17months, about 1 month to about 18 months, about 2 months to about 3months, about 2 months to about 4 months, about 2 months to about 5months, about 2 months to about 6 months, about 2 months to about 7months, about 2 months to about 8 months, about 2 months to about 9months, about 2 months to about 10 months, about 2 months to about 11months, about 2 months to about 12 months, about 2 months to about 13months, about 2 months to about 14 months, about 2 months to about 15months, about 2 months to about 16 months, about 2 months to about 17months, about 2 months to about 18 months, about 3 months to about 4months, about 3 months to about 5 months, about 3 months to about 6months, about 3 months to about 7 months, about 3 months to about 8months, about 3 months to about 9 months, about 3 months to about 10months, about 3 months to about 11 months, about 3 months to about 12months, about 3 months to about 13 months, about 3 months to about 14months, about 3 months to about 15 months, about 3 months to about 16months, about 3 months to about 17 months, about 3 months to about 18months, about 4 months to about 5 months, about 4 months to about 6months, about 4 months to about 7 months, about 4 months to about 8months, about 4 months to about 9 months, about 4 months to about 10months, about 4 months to about 11 months, about 4 months to about 12months, about 4 months to about 13 months, about 4 months to about 14months, about 4 months to about 15 months, about 4 months to about 16months, about 4 months to about 17 months, about 4 months to about 18months, about 5 months to about 6 months, about 5 months to about 7months, about 5 months to about 8 months, about 5 months to about 9months, about 5 months to about 10 months, about 5 months to about 11months, about 5 months to about 12 months, about 5 months to about 13months, about 5 months to about 14 months, about 5 months to about 15months, about 5 months to about 16 months, about 5 months to about 17months, about 5 months to about 18 months, about 6 months to about 7months, about 6 months to about 8 months, about 6 months to about 9months, about 6 months to about 10 months, about 6 months to about 11months, about 6 months to about 12 months, about 6 months to about 13months, about 6 months to about 14 months, about 6 months to about 15months, about 6 months to about 16 months, about 6 months to about 17months, about 6 months to about 18 months, about 7 months to about 8months, about 7 months to about 9 months, about 7 months to about 10months, about 7 months to about 11 months, about 7 months to about 12months, about 7 months to about 13 months, about 7 months to about 14months, about 7 months to about 15 months, about 7 months to about 16months, about 7 months to about 17 months, about 7 months to about 18months, about 8 months to about 9 months, about 8 months to about 10months, about 8 months to about 11 months, about 8 months to about 12months, about 8 months to about 13 months, about 8 months to about 14months, about 8 months to about 15 months, about 8 months to about 16months, about 8 months to about 17 months, about 8 months to about 18months, about 9 months to about 10 months, about 9 months to about 11months, about 9 months to about 12 months, about 9 months to about 13months, about 9 months to about 14 months, about 9 months to about 15months, about 9 months to about 16 months, about 9 months to about 17months, about 9 months to about 18 months, about 10 months to about 11months, about 10 months to about 12 months, about 10 months to about 13months, about 10 months to about 14 months, about 10 months to about 15months, about 10 months to about 16 months, about 10 months to about 17months, about 10 months to about 18 months, about 11 months to about 12months, about 11 months to about 13 months, about 11 months to about 14months, about 11 months to about 15 months, about 11 months to about 16months, about 11 months to about 17 months, about 1 months to about 18months, about 12 months to about 13 months, about 12 months to about 14months, about 12 months to about 15 months, about 12 months to about 16months, about 12 months to about 17 months, about 12 months to about 18months, about 13 months to about 14 months, about 13 months to about 15months, about 13 months to about 16 months, about 13 months to about 17months, about 13 months to about 18 months, about 14 months to about 15months, about 14 months to about 16 months, about 14 months to about 17months, about 14 months to about 18 months, about 15 months to about 16months, about 15 months to about 17 months, about 15 months to about 18months, about 16 months to about 17 months, about 16 months to about 18months, or about 17 months to about 18 months.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein isstable for, e.g., about 1 year, about 2 years, about 3 years, about 4years, or about 5 years. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein is stable for, e.g., at least 1 year, atleast 2 years, at least 3 years, at least 4 years, or at least 5 years.In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein is stable for, e.g., at most 1 year, at most 2 years, at most 3years, at most 4 years, or at most 5 years. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein is stable for, e.g., about 1year to about 2 years, about 1 year to about 3 years, about 1 year toabout 4 years, about 1 year to about 5 years, about 2 years to about 3years, about 2 years to about 4 years, about 2 years to about 5 years,about 3 years to about 4 years, about 3 years to about 5 years, or about4 years to about 5 years.

A composition disclosed herein can be formulated into any form thatenables application of a composition disclosed herein in a manner thatachieves a desired beneficial effect. In one embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein can be formulated into, e.g., a single-phaseformulation or a biphasic formulation comprising a medium phase and adispersed phase. In another embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincan be formulated into, e.g., a liquid composition, a colloidalcomposition, a semi-solid composition, or a solid composition. Inanother embodiment, a composition disclosed herein can be formulatedinto, e.g., a liquid aerosol, a foam, an emulsion, a gel, a sol, or asolid sol. In another embodiment, a composition disclosed herein can beformulated into, e.g., a spray, a liquid aerosol, a soap, or asuspension.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 80 ppmto about 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.01% to about 0.5% of a dialdehyde. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppm to about 110 ppmhypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 0.025% to about0.4% of a dialdehyde. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm to about 105 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.05% to about 0.3% of adialdehyde. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 95 ppm to about 100 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.075% to about 0.2% of adialdehyde. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 97 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 0.1% of a dialdehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 80 ppmto about 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.01% to about 0.5% glutaraldehyde. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppm to about 110 ppmhypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 0.025% to about0.4% glutaraldehyde. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm to about 105 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.05% to about 0.3%glutaraldehyde. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 95 ppm to about 100 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.075% to about 0.2%glutaraldehyde. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 97 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 0.1% glutaraldehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 80 ppmto about 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.05% to about 0.6% of a dialdehyde. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppm to about 110 ppmhypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 0.075% to about0.5% of a dialdehyde. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm to about 105 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.1% to about 0.4% of adialdehyde. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 95 ppm to about 100 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.2% to about 0.3% of adialdehyde. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 97 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 0.25% of a dialdehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 80 ppmto about 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.05% to about 0.6% glutaraldehyde. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppm to about 110 ppmhypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 0.075% to about0.5% glutaraldehyde. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm to about 105 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.1% to about 0.4%glutaraldehyde. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 95 ppm to about 100 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.2% to about 0.3%glutaraldehyde. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 97 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 0.25% glutaraldehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 80 ppmto about 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.1% to about 1.0% of a dialdehyde. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppm to about 110 ppmhypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 0.2% to about0.8% of a dialdehyde. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm to about 105 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.3% to about 0.7% of adialdehyde. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 95 ppm to about 100 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.4% to about 0.6% of adialdehyde. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 97 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 0.5% of a dialdehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 80 ppmto about 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.1% to about 1.0% glutaraldehyde. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppm to about 110 ppmhypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 0.2% to about0.8% glutaraldehyde. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm to about 105 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.3% to about 0.7%glutaraldehyde. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 95 ppm to about 100 ppm hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and about 0.4% to about 0.6%glutaraldehyde. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 97 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 0.5% glutaraldehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% toabout 12% of biguanide-containing compound, about 60% to about 80% of analcohol and about 0.1% to about 5.0% of a dialdehyde. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound, about 62% to about 78% of analcohol and about 0.5% to about 3.5% of a dialdehyde. In other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound, about 65% to about 75% of analcohol and about 1.0% to about 3.0% of a dialdehyde. In yet otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 7% to about 9% of biguanide-containing compound, about 67% toabout 73% of an alcohol and about 1.5% to about 2.5% of a dialdehyde. Instill other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound, about 70% of analcohol and about 2.0% of a dialdehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% toabout 12% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 60% to about 80% ofisopropanol and about 0.1% to about 5.0% of glutaraldehyde. In aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% toabout 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 62% to about 78% ofisopropanol and about 0.5% to about 3.5% of glutaraldehyde. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 65% to about75% of isopropanol and about 1.0% to about 3.0% of glutaraldehyde. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 67% toabout 73% of isopropanol and about 1.5% to about 2.5% of glutaraldehyde.In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 70% ofisopropanol and about 2.0% of glutaraldehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound, about 60% to about 80% of analcohol and about 0.1% to about 1.0% of a dialdehyde. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6.5% to about12.5% of biguanide-containing compound, about 62% to about 78% of analcohol and about 0.2% to about 0.8% of a dialdehyde. In other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7.5%to about 11.5% of biguanide-containing compound, about 65% to about 75%of an alcohol and about 0.3% to about 0.7% of a dialdehyde. In yet otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8.5% to about 10.5% of biguanide-containing compound, about 67% toabout 73% of an alcohol and about 0.4% to about 0.6% of a dialdehyde. Instill other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9.5% of biguanide-containing compound, about 70% of analcohol and about 0.5% of a dialdehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 60% to about 80% ofisopropanol and about 0.1% to about 1.0% of ortho-phthalaldehyde. Inaspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6.5% to about 12.5% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 62% toabout 78% of isopropanol and about 0.2% to about 0.8% ofortho-phthalaldehyde. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7.5% to about 11.5% polyhexamethylenebiguanide, about 65% to about 75% of isopropanol and about 0.3% to about0.7% of ortho-phthalaldehyde. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8.5% to about 10.5%polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 67% to about 73% of isopropanol andabout 0.4% to about 0.6% of ortho-phthalaldehyde. In still other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9.5%polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 70% of isopropanol and about 0.5% ofortho-phthalaldehyde.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound, about 60% to about 80% of analcohol and about 1% to about 10% of a quaternary ammonium surfactant.In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 2% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound, about 62% toabout 78% of an alcohol and about 2% to about 8% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 7% of biguanide-containingcompound, about 65% to about 75% of an alcohol and about 3% to about 7%of a quaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about6% of biguanide-containing compound, about 67% to about 73% of analcohol and about 4% to about 6% of a quaternary ammonium surfactant. Instill other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% of biguanide-containing compound, about 70% of analcohol and about 5% of a quaternary ammonium surfactant.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 60% to about 80% ofisopropanol and about 1% to about 10% of benzalkonium chloride. Inaspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 2% to about 8% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 62% to about 78%of isopropanol and about 2% to about 8% of benzalkonium chloride. Inother aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 3% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 65% toabout 75% of isopropanol and about 3% to about 7% of benzalkoniumchloride. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide, about 67% to about 73% of isopropanol and about 4% to about6% of benzalkonium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% polyhexamethylenebiguanide, about 70% of isopropanol and about 5% of benzalkoniumchloride or cetylpyridinium chloride.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound, about 55% to about 75% of analcohol and about 1% to about 10% of a quaternary ammonium surfactant.In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containing compound, about 57% toabout 73% of an alcohol and about 2% to about 8% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containingcompound, about 60% to about 70% of an alcohol and about 3% to about 7%of a quaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound, about 62% to about 68% of analcohol and about 4% to about 6% of a quaternary ammonium surfactant. Instill other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 10% of biguanide-containing compound, about 65% of analcohol and about 5% of a quaternary ammonium surfactant.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 55% to about 75% ofisopropanol and about 1% to about 10% of benzalkonium chloride. Inaspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 57% to about73% of isopropanol and about 2% to about 8% of benzalkonium chloride. Inother aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 8% to about 12% polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 60%to about 70% of isopropanol and about 3% to about 7% of benzalkoniumchloride. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylenebiguanide, about 62% to about 68% of isopropanol and about 4% to about6% of benzalkonium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide, about 65% of isopropanol and about 5% of benzalkoniumchloride or cetylpyridinium chloride.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppmto about 120 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.0% to about 3.0% of biguanide-containing compound. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm toabout 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.25% to about 2.75% of biguanide-containing compound. In other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 95ppm to about 110 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine andabout 1.5% to about 2.5% of biguanide-containing compound. In yet otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 100 ppm to about 106 ppm hypochlorous acid or free availablechlorine and about 1.75% to about 2.25% of biguanide-containingcompound. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 103 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 2.0% of biguanide-containing compound.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppmto about 120 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.0% to about 3.0% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm toabout 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.25% to about 2.75% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 95 ppmto about 110 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.5% to about 2.5% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 100 ppmto about 106 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.75% to about 2.25% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In still other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 103ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 2.0%polyhexamethylene biguanide.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppmto about 120 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.5% to about 2.5% of biguanide-containing compound. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm toabout 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.75% to about 2.25% of biguanide-containing compound. In other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 95ppm to about 110 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine andabout 1.0% to about 2.0% of biguanide-containing compound. In yet otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 100 ppm to about 106 ppm hypochlorous acid or free availablechlorine and about 1.25% to about 1.75% of biguanide-containingcompound. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 103 ppm hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and about 1.5% of biguanide-containing compound.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 85 ppmto about 120 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.5% to about 2.5% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 90 ppm toabout 115 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about0.75% to about 2.25% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 95 ppmto about 110 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.0% to about 2.0% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In yet other aspects ofthis embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 100 ppmto about 106 ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about1.25% to about 1.75% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In still other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 103ppm hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and about 1.5%polyhexamethylene biguanide.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 0.1% toabout 7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 60% to about 80% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 0.5% to about 6% ofbiguanide-containing compound and about 62% to about 78% of one or morealcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 1% to about 5% of biguanide-containing compoundand about 65% to about 75% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 2% toabout 4% of biguanide-containing compound and about 67% to about 73% ofone or more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 3% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 70% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 0.1% toabout 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 80%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 0.5% to about 6% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 62% to about 78% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% to about 5%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 65% to about 75% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 2% to about 4% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 67%to about 73% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 3% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 70% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 0.1% toabout 7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 50% to about 70% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 0.5% to about 6% ofbiguanide-containing compound and about 52% to about 68% of one or morealcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 1% to about 5% of biguanide-containing compoundand about 55% to about 65% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 2% toabout 4% of biguanide-containing compound and about 57% to about 63% ofone or more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 3% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 60% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 0.1% toabout 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 50% to about 70%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 0.5% to about 6% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 52% to about 68% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% to about 5%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 55% to about 65% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 2% to about 4% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 57%to about 63% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 3% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 60% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 0.1% toabout 7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 40% to about 60% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 0.5% to about 6% ofbiguanide-containing compound and about 42% to about 58% of one or morealcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 1% to about 5% of biguanide-containing compoundand about 45% to about 55% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspectsof this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 2% toabout 4% of biguanide-containing compound and about 47% to about 53% ofone or more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 3% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 50% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 0.1% toabout 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 60%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 0.5% to about 6% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 42% to about 58% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% to about 5%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 45% to about 55% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 2% to about 4% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 47%to about 53% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 3% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 50% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 20% to about 85% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 25% to about 80% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 30% toabout 75% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 35% to about 70% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10% ofbiguanide-containing compound and about 40% to about 65% of one or morealcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment, the compositions furthercomprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternary ammonium surfactant. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, the compositions are used toclean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or a hard surface asdisclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 20% to about 85%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 25% to about 80% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 30% to about 75% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about35% to about 70% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 60% isopropanol. Inother aspects of this embodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a5:1 to 1:5 isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 60% to about 80% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 62% to about 78% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 65% toabout 75% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 67% to about 73% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 70% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 80%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 62% to about 78% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 65% to about 75% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 67%to about 73% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 70% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 55% to about 75% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 57% to about 73% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 60% toabout 70% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 62% to about 68% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 65% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 55% to about 75%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 57% to about 73% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 70% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 62%to about 68% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 65% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 50% to about 70% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 52% to about 68% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 55% toabout 65% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 57% to about 63% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 60% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 50% to about 70%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 52% to about 68% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 55% to about 65% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 57%to about 63% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 60% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 45% to about 65% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 47% to about 63% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 50% toabout 60% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 52% to about 58% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 55% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 45% to about 65%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 47% to about 63% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 50% to about 60% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 52%to about 58% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 55% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 40% to about 60% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 42% to about 58% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 45% toabout 55% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 47% to about 53% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 50% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 60%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 42% to about 58% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 45% to about 55% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 47%to about 53% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 50% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 35% to about 55% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 37% to about 53% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 40% toabout 50% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 42% to about 48% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 45% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 35% to about 55%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 37% to about 53% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 50% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 42%to about 48% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 45% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 30% to about 50% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 32% to about 48% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 35% toabout 45% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 37% to about 43% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 40% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 30% to about 50%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 32% to about 48% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 35% to about 45% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 37%to about 43% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 40% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 25% to about 45% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 27% to about 43% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 4% to about 8% of biguanide-containing compound and about 30% toabout 40% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound and about 32% to about 38% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 6% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 35% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 25% to about 45%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 3% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 27% to about 43% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 30% to about 40% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 5% to about 7% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 32%to about 38% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 35% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 60% to about 80% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 62% to about 78% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 65% toabout 75% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 67% to about 73% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 70% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 80%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 62% to about 78% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 65% to about 75% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 67%to about 73% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 70% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 55% to about 75% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 57% to about 73% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 60% toabout 70% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 62% to about 68% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 65% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 55% to about 75%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 57% to about 73% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 70% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 62%to about 68% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 65% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 50% to about 70% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 52% to about 68% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 55% toabout 65% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 57% to about 63% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 60% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 50% to about 70%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 52% to about 68% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 55% to about 65% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 57%to about 63% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 60% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 45% to about 65% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 47% to about 63% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 50% toabout 60% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 52% to about 58% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 55% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 45% to about 65%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 47% to about 63% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 50% to about 60% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 52%to about 58% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 55% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 40% to about 60% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 42% to about 58% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 45% toabout 55% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 47% to about 53% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 50% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 60%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 42% to about 58% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 45% to about 55% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 47%to about 53% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 50% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 35% to about 55% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 37% to about 53% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 40% toabout 50% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 42% to about 48% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 45% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 35% to about 55%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 37% to about 53% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 50% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 42%to about 48% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 45% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 30% to about 50% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 32% to about 48% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 35% toabout 45% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 37% to about 43% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 40% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 30% to about 50%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 32% to about 48% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 35% to about 45% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 37%to about 43% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 40% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound and about 25% to about 45% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 27% to about 43% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 6% to about 10% of biguanide-containing compound and about 30% toabout 40% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound and about 32% to about 38% of one ormore alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 8% of biguanide-containing compound andabout 35% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 25% to about 45%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 5% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 27% to about 43% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 30% to about 40% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 7% to about 9% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 32%to about 38% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 35% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 60% to about 80% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 62% to about 78% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 65% toabout 75% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 67% to about 73% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 70% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 80%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 62% to about 78% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 65% to about 75% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about67% to about 73% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 70% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 55% to about 75% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 57% to about 73% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 60% toabout 70% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 62% to about 68% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 65% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 55% to about 75%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 57% to about 73% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 70% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about62% to about 68% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 65% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 50% to about 70% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 52% to about 68% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 55% toabout 65% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 57% to about 63% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 60% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 60% to about 70%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 52% to about 68% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 55% to about 65% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about57% to about 63% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 60% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 45% to about 65% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 47% to about 63% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 50% toabout 60% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 52% to about 58% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 55% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 45% to about 65%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 47% to about 63% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 50% to about 60% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about52% to about 58% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 55% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 40% to about 60% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 42% to about 58% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 45% toabout 55% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 47% to about 53% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 50% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 60%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 42% to about 58% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 45% to about 55% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about47% to about 53% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 50% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 35% to about 55% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 37% to about 53% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 40% toabout 50% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 42% to about 48% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 45% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 35% to about 55%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 37% to about 53% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 40% to about 50% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about42% to about 48% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 45% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 30% to about 50% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 32% to about 48% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 35% toabout 45% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 37% to about 43% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 40% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 30% to about 50%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 32% to about 48% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 35% to about 45% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about37% to about 43% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 40% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound and about 25% to about 45% ofone or more alcohols. In aspects of this embodiment, a compositiondisclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 27% to about 43% of one or more alcohols. In otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprisesabout 8% to about 12% of biguanide-containing compound and about 30% toabout 40% of one or more alcohols. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound and about 32% to about 38% of oneor more alcohols. In still other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 10% of biguanide-containingcompound and about 35% of one or more alcohols. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of aquaternary ammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a deviceor a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 25% to about 45%isopropanol. In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein comprises about 7% to about 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide andabout 27% to about 43% isopropanol. In other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide and about 30% to about 40% isopropanol. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed hereincomprises about 9% to about 11% polyhexamethylene biguanide and about32% to about 38% isopropanol. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide and about 35% isopropanol. In other aspects of thisembodiment, the isopropanol can be replaced with a 5:1 to 1:5isopropanol:ethanol mixture. In yet other aspects of this embodiment,the compositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% ofcetylpyridinium chloride. In still other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope,a heart-lung machine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% of biguanide-containing compound. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about13% of biguanide-containing compound. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about12% of biguanide-containing compound. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound. In still other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% ofbiguanide-containing compound. In other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% toabout 15% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 13%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 8% to about 12%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 9% to about 11%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 10% polyhexamethylenebiguanide. In other aspects of this embodiment, the compositions areused to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope, a heart-lungmachine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% of biguanide-containing compound. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about11% of biguanide-containing compound. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about10% of biguanide-containing compound. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound. In still other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% ofbiguanide-containing compound. In other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% toabout 13% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 11%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 6% to about 10%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 7% to about 9%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 8% polyhexamethylenebiguanide. In other aspects of this embodiment, the compositions areused to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope, a heart-lungmachine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% of biguanide-containing compound. In aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 3% to about9% of biguanide-containing compound. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about8% of biguanide-containing compound. In yet other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about7% of biguanide-containing compound. In still other aspects of thisembodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% ofbiguanide-containing compound. In other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions further comprise about 2% to about 7% of a quaternaryammonium surfactant. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, thecompositions are used to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device or ahard surface as disclosed herein.

In an embodiment, a composition disclosed herein comprises about 1% toabout 10% polyhexamethylene biguanide. In aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 3% to about 9%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 4% to about 8%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, acomposition disclosed herein comprises about 5% to about 7%polyhexamethylene biguanide. In still other aspects of this embodiment,a composition disclosed herein comprises about 6% polyhexamethylenebiguanide. In other aspects of this embodiment, the compositions areused to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope, a heart-lungmachine, or a hard surface as disclosed herein.

Aspects of the present specification disclose a kit. In one embodiment,the kit can comprise a container including a composition disclosedherein. In another embodiment, a kit can comprise one or morecontainers, each container including an individual component or morethan one individual component disclosed herein in combination. Forexample, a kit can comprise one container including hypochlorous acid orfree available chlorine and a second container including one or moredisinfectants. As another example, a kit can comprise one containerincluding one or more alcohols and a second container including one ormore disinfectants. As yet another example, a kit can comprise onecontainer including isopropanol and a second container includingpolyhexamethylene biguanide. As still another example, a kit cancomprise one container including a mixture of isopropanol and ethanoland a second container including polyhexamethylene biguanide. As afurther example, a kit can comprise one container including isopropanol,a second container including ethanol and a third container includingpolyhexamethylene biguanide. As another example, a kit can comprise onecontainer including isopropanol, a second container includingpolyhexamethylene biguanide and a third container including one or morecationic surfactants. The remainder of the components of a compositiondisclosed herein may be included in either the first or secondcontainer, or may be separately including in at least a third container.For example, a third container including a rinse solution disclosedherein can be included in the kit. Packaging of individual componentsinto separate container can assist in prolonging the stability of theindividual components, and thus shelf life of the product.

In another example, a kit can comprise one container includinghypochlorous acid and/or free available chlorine, a second containerincluding one or more disinfectants, and a third container including arinse solution. As another example, a kit can comprise one containerincluding one or more alcohols, a second container including one or moredisinfectants, and a third container including a rinse solution. As yetanother example, a kit can comprise one container including isopropanol,a second container including polyhexamethylene biguanide, and a thirdcontainer including a rinse solution. As still another example, a kitcan comprise one container including a mixture of isopropanol andethanol, a second container including polyhexamethylene biguanide, and athird container including a rinse solution. As a further example, a kitcan comprise one container including isopropanol, a second containerincluding ethanol, a third container including polyhexamethylenebiguanide, and a fourth container including a rinse solution. As anotherexample, a kit can comprise one container including isopropanol, asecond container including polyhexamethylene biguanide, a thirdcontainer including one or more cationic surfactants, and a fourthcontainer including a rinse solution.

In another embodiment, a kit can comprise one container including acomposition disclosed herein and a second container including a rinsesolution disclosed herein. For example, a kit can comprise one containerincluding hypochlorous acid and/or free available chlorine and one ormore disinfectants and a second container including a rinse solution. Asanother example, a kit can comprise one container including one or morealcohols and one or more disinfectants and a second container includinga rinse solution. As yet another example, a kit can comprise onecontainer including isopropanol and polyhexamethylene biguanide and asecond container including a rinse solution. As still another example, akit can comprise one container including a mixture of isopropanol andethanol and polyhexamethylene biguanide and a second container includinga rinse solution. As a further example, a kit can comprise one containerincluding isopropanol, polyhexamethylene biguanide and one or morecationic surfactant and a second container including a rinse solution.The remainder of the components of a composition disclosed herein may beincluded in either the first container or may be separately including inat least a third container. Packaging of individual components intoseparate container can assist in prolonging the stability of theindividual components, and thus shelf life of the product.

A kit disclosed herein can comprise a delivery or application system.The delivery or application system of the kit are useful for applying acomposition disclosed herein, and/or individual components disclosedherein to a site of interest, such as, e.g., a surface of a devicedisclosed herein. A delivery or application system disclosed herein,includes, without limitation, one or more of an applicator brush, porousfoam swab or pad, hollow tube, dipstick, or a combination thereof. In anembodiment, a kit comprises a single delivery or application system. Inanother embodiment, a kit comprises a plurality delivery or applicationsystems. For example, in a 30-day supply kit, there can be 30 deliveryor application systems, such that there is one delivery or applicationsystem per day for 30 days. Alternately, there can be 2, 10, 20, 30, 40,50, 60, 90, 120, etc. delivery or application systems per kit. Withinthe kit, the delivery or application system may be packagedindividually, or in sets of 2 or more. The delivery or applicationsystem can be packaged such that it remains sterile until use. Incertain embodiments, a delivery or application system disclosed hereincan be packaged in plastic sheaths. Further, to prevent contamination,delivery or application system disclosed herein is preferablysingle-use, disposable delivery or application system.

The kit can also comprise a set of instructions. The instructions mayinclude information useful to the end user such as how to use a deliveryor application system to apply a composition and/or individualcomponents disclosed herein, and/or how often to apply a compositionand/or individual components disclosed herein. In addition, suchinstructions may include information regarding how to mix the individualcomponents disclosed herein to form a composition disclosed herein. Suchinstructions can indicate that mixing should be done at a certain timebefore application, such as, e.g., just prior to use. Instructionsdisclosed herein may also include information regarding how to apply theindividual components disclosed herein directly to a site of interest,such as, e.g., a surface of a device disclosed herein, and in what orderthe individual components should be applied to such sites of interest.

The contents of the kit, including the container including a compositionor component disclosed herein, the delivery or application system, andinstructions, are enclosed in an outer casing. The outer casing can be abox, a sealed bag, a foil pouch, etc. In certain embodiments, thedelivery system, container and instructions are enclosed in a box. Inother embodiments of the kit, the container and instructions arecontained in a first box, the delivery system is contained in a secondbox, and the first and second box are contained together in a third box.

Aspects of the present specification disclose a method to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a device, including a medical device. In anaspect of this embodiment, a method disclosed herein comprises applyinga composition disclosed herein to a device for a specified amount oftime, wherein application results in the cleaning, disinfecting and/orsterilization of the device. In another aspect of this embodiment, amethod disclosed herein further comprises rinsing the cleaned,disinfected and/or sterilized device with a rinse solution disclosedherein. Other aspects of the present specification disclose acomposition disclosed herein for use to clean, disinfect and/orsterilize a device, including a medical device. Yet other aspects of thepresent specification disclose a use of a disclosed composition toclean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device, including a medical device.

Aspects of the present specification disclose a method to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize an endoscope. In an aspect of thisembodiment, a method disclosed herein comprises applying a compositiondisclosed herein to an endoscope for a specified amount of time, whereinapplication results in the cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizationof the endoscope. In another aspect of this embodiment, a methoddisclosed herein further comprises rinsing the cleaned, disinfectedand/or sterilized endoscope with a rinse solution disclosed herein.Other aspects of the present specification disclose a compositiondisclosed herein for use to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize anendoscope. Yet other aspects of the present specification disclose a useof a disclosed composition to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize anendoscope.

A device, including a medical device is cleaned by removal of visiblesoil, such as, e.g., organic and inorganic material, from objects andsurfaces and normally is accomplished manually or mechanically. Thoroughcleaning is essential before disinfection and sterilization becauseinorganic and organic materials that remain on the surfaces of a medicaldevice interferes with the effectiveness of these processes.

A device, including a medical device is disinfected by eliminating manyor all pathogenic microorganisms, except bacterial spores. Disinfectionis less lethal than sterilization because it destroys most recognizedpathogenic microorganisms but not necessarily all microbial forms (e.g.,bacterial spores). A medical device is sterilized by destroying oreliminating all forms of microorganisms. Decontamination of a medicaldevice removes pathogenic microorganisms from a medical device so thatit is safe to handle, use, or discard.

A medical device is an instrument, apparatus, material, or otherarticle, whether used alone or in combination, including softwarenecessary for its application, intended by the manufacturer to be usedfor human beings for diagnosis, prevention, monitoring treatment, oralleviation of disease; diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, or alleviationof or compensation for an injury or handicap; investigation,replacement, or modification of the anatomy or of a physiologic process;or control of conception, and that does not achieve its primary intendedaction in or on the human body by pharmacologic, immunologic, ormetabolic means but might be assisted in its function by such means. Amedical device includes, without limitation, a surgical instrument, arespiratory therapy instrument, an anesthesia instrument, a catheter, animplant, a probe, an endoscope, an arthroscope, a laparoscope, a blade,a cystoscope, a spirometer, a CPAP mask and tubing, dialysis instrumentand accessories, a heart-lung machine and accessories, a heart-lungbypass machine and accessories, and a diaphragm fitting ring.Non-limiting examples of a probe includes an ultrasound probe and anesophageal manometry probe. Non-limiting examples of a catheter includesa cardiac catheter, an urinary catheter, an anorectal manometrycatheter. Non-limiting examples of an endoscope includes agastrointestinal endoscope, a bronchoscope, and a nasopharyngoscope.Non-limiting examples of a blade includes a laryngoscope blade.

Aspects of the present specification disclose a method to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a hard surface area. In an aspect of thisembodiment, a method disclosed herein comprises applying a compositiondisclosed herein to a hard surface area for a specified amount of time,wherein application results in the cleaning, disinfecting and/orsterilization of the hard surface area. In another aspect of thisembodiment, a method disclosed herein further comprises rinsing thecleaned, disinfected and/or sterilized surface with a rinse solutiondisclosed herein. Other aspects of the present specification disclose acomposition disclosed herein for use to clean, disinfect and/orsterilize a hard surface area. Yet other aspects of the presentspecification disclose a use of a disclosed composition to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a hard surface area. A hard surface area canbe a porous surface area or a non-porous surface area.

In another aspect of this embodiment, a method disclosed hereincomprises applying one or more individual components disclosed herein toa hard surface area for a specified amount of time, wherein applicationresults in the cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilization of the hardsurface area. In an aspect of this embodiment, the one or moreindividual components include a first component including hypochlorousacid or free available chlorine and a second component including one ormore disinfectants. In another aspect, application of the one or moreindividual components occur in a specific order, such as. e.g., firstapplying a first component including hypochlorous acid or free availablechlorine and then applying a second component including one or moredisinfectants. A hard surface area can be a porous surface area or anon-porous surface area.

A hard surface area can include any items present in a residence or acommercial, industrial and/or agricultural facility, such as, e.g., ahospital, a laboratory, a restaurant, an educational center, afood-processing facility, a dairy-processing facility, an airport, anoil field system, a sport facility, a shipping dock, a freight transportcenter, or any other commercial or industrial setting. A surface areacan include any type of transportation carrier, such as, e.g., a watervessel like a boat, barge or ship, an aircraft like an airplane orhelicopter, a ground vehicle like a motorcycle, car, truck or train, Asurface area may be made of any material including brass, copper,aluminum, stainless steel, carbon steel, rubber, plastic, glass, wood,painted surface, or any combination thereof. A surface area includes,without limitation, a table top, counter top, floor, wall, ceiling,window, bed, gurney, door, door handle, shower, bath, sink, faucet,toilet, toilet seat, drain, equipment, machinery, personal protectivegear, personal biohazard gear, and the like. A surface area may comprisea medical, dental, pharmaceutical, veterinary or mortuary device. Asurface area may comprise human skin.

A composition or component disclosed herein can be applied to a hardsurface area according to a method disclosed herein as often as neededand/or desired. A composition disclosed herein can be applied to a hardsurface area daily, every other day, every third of day, once a week,multiple times per week, once a month, multiple times per month, once ayear or multiple times per year, as desired. A composition disclosedherein can be applied to a hard surface area multiple times per day,e.g., twice a day, three times a day, four time a day, five times a day,six times a day or as often as desired.

Aspects of the present specification disclose a method to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a microbial infection in an individual. In anaspect of this embodiment, a method disclosed herein comprises applyinga composition disclosed herein to an individual for a specified amountof time, wherein application results in the cleaning, disinfectingand/or sterilization of a microbial infection in the individual. Otheraspects of the present specification disclose a composition disclosedherein for use to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a microbialinfection in an individual. Yet other aspects of the presentspecification disclose a use of a disclosed composition to clean,disinfect and/or sterilize a microbial infection in an individual. Stillother aspects of the present specification disclose a compositiondisclosed herein for the manufacture of a medicament to clean, disinfectand/or sterilize a microbial infection in an individual.

A method and/or use disclosed herein cleans, disinfects and/orsterilizes a microbial infection. A microbial infection includes a viralinfection, a bacterial infection and a fungal infection.

A method and/or use disclosed herein applies a composition disclosedherein to an individual. An individual refers to any animal including,without limitation, a fish, an amphibian, a bird and a mammal. A mammalincludes a human, a horse, a cow, a sheep, a dog and a cat. As such, amethod disclosed herein is for human use as well as veterinarian use.

In applications to an individual, a composition disclosed herein can beapplied to a skin surface or can be internally administered. In oneembodiment, a composition disclosed herein is applied topically to askin region of an individual in order to clean, disinfect and/orsterilize the skin region. A skin region, includes, without limitation,the face, forehead, lips, scalp, neck, shoulder, arms, hands, thighs,legs, knees, feet, chest, breast, back, groin, buttocks, and the like.

In one embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is internallyadministered to an individual. Such routes of administration includeenteral routes of administration and parenteral routes ofadministration.

A composition disclosed herein can be applied according to a methoddisclosed herein to a skin region. Application of a compositiondisclosed herein can be by rubbing, pouring, sprinkling, or spraying on,or otherwise applied to the human body. A composition disclosed hereincan be applied by introducing the composition into or onto a solidsupport such as, e.g., a wipe, a towelette, a towel, a mitt, a glove, ora mask and then applying the composition to a skin region. A compositiondisclosed herein can be applied by using a delivery device, such as,e.g., an aerosol dispenser, a pump spray, a trigger spray, a squeezebottle, a topical patch, a transdermal patch, or a dermal implant toapply the composition to a skin region.

A composition disclosed herein can be applied to an individual accordingto a method disclosed herein as often as needed and/or desired. Acomposition disclosed herein can be applied to an individual daily,every other day, every third of day, once a week, multiple times perweek, once a month, multiple times per month, once a year or multipletimes per year, as desired. A composition disclosed herein can beapplied to an individual multiple times per day, e.g., twice a day,three times a day, four time a day, five times a day, six times a day oras often as desired.

A disclosed method and/or use applies a composition disclosed herein forspecified amount of time. In one embodiment, a specified amount of timeis a time sufficient to clean a medical device, a surface, or anindividual. In another embodiment, a specified amount of time is a timesufficient to disinfect a medical device, a surface, or an individual.In yet another embodiment, a specified amount of time is a timesufficient to sterilize a medical device, a surface, or an individual.

In aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is appliedto a device, like a medical device, a surface, or an individual for,e.g., about 1 minute, about 5 minutes, about 10 minutes, about 15minutes, about 20 minutes, about 25 minutes, about 30 minutes, about 35minutes, about 40 minutes, about 45 minutes, about 50 minutes, about 55minutes, about 60 minutes, about 70 minutes, about 80 minutes, about 90minutes, about 100 minutes, about 110 minutes, or about 120 minutes. Inother aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein isapplied to a device, like a medical device, a surface, or an individualfor, e.g., at least 1 minute, at least 5 minutes, at least 10 minutes,at least 15 minutes, at least 20 minutes, at least 25 minutes, at least30 minutes, at least 35 minutes, at least 40 minutes, at least 45minutes, at least 50 minutes, at least 55 minutes, at least 60 minutes,at least 70 minutes, at least 80 minutes, at least 90 minutes, at least100 minutes, at least 110 minutes, or at least 120 minutes. In yet otheraspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is applied todevice, like a medical device, a surface, or an individual for, e.g., atmost 1 minute, at most 5 minutes, at most 10 minutes, at most 15minutes, at most 20 minutes, at most 25 minutes, at most 30 minutes, atmost 35 minutes, at most 40 minutes, at most 45 minutes, at most 50minutes, at most 55 minutes, at most 60 minutes, at most 70 minutes, atmost 80 minutes, at most 90 minutes, at most 100 minutes, at most 110minutes, or at most 120 minutes.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a composition disclosedherein is applied to a device, like a medical device, a surface, or anindividual for, e.g., about 1 minute to about 5 minutes, about 1 minuteto about 10 minutes, about 1 minute to about 15 minutes, about 1 minuteto about 20 minutes, about 1 minute to about 25 minutes, about 1 minuteto about 30 minutes, about 1 minute to about 35 minutes, about 1 minuteto about 40 minutes, about 1 minute to about 45 minutes, about 1 minuteto about 50 minutes, about 1 minute to about 55 minutes, about 1 minuteto about 60 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 10 minutes, about 5minutes to about 15 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 20 minutes, about5 minutes to about 25 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 30 minutes,about 5 minutes to about 35 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 40minutes, about 5 minutes to about 45 minutes, about 5 minutes to about50 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 55 minutes, about 5 minutes toabout 60 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 5 minutesto about 80 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 5minutes to about 100 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 110 minutes,about 5 minutes to about 120 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 15minutes, about 10 minutes to about 20 minutes, about 10 minutes to about25 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 10 minutes toabout 35 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 10 minutesto about 45 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 10minutes to about 55 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 60 minutes, about10 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 80 minutes,about 10 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 100minutes, about 10 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 10 minutes toabout 120 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 20 minutes, about 15minutes to about 25 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 30 minutes, about15 minutes to about 35 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 40 minutes,about 15 minutes to about 45 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 50minutes, about 15 minutes to about 55 minutes, about 15 minutes to about60 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 15 minutes toabout 80 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 15 minutesto about 100 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 15minutes to about 120 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 25 minutes,about 20 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 35minutes, about 20 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 20 minutes to about45 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 20 minutes toabout 55 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 20 minutesto about 70 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 80 minutes, about 20minutes to about 90 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 100 minutes,about 20 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 120minutes, about 25 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 25 minutes to about35 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 25 minutes toabout 45 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 25 minutesto about 55 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 25minutes to about 70 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 80 minutes, about25 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 100 minutes,about 25 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 120minutes, about 30 minutes to about 35 minutes, about 30 minutes to about40 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 45 minutes, about 30 minutes toabout 50 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 55 minutes, about 30 minutesto about 60 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 30minutes to about 80 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 90 minutes, about30 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 110 minutes,about 30 minutes to about 120 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 40minutes, about 35 minutes to about 45 minutes, about 35 minutes to about50 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 55 minutes, about 35 minutes toabout 60 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 35 minutesto about 80 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 35minutes to about 100 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 110 minutes,about 35 minutes to about 120 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 45minutes, about 40 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 40 minutes to about55 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 40 minutes toabout 70 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 80 minutes, about 40 minutesto about 90 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 40minutes to about 110 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 120 minutes,about 45 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 55minutes, about 45 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 45 minutes to about70 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 80 minutes, about 45 minutes toabout 90 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 45minutes to about 110 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 120 minutes,about 50 minutes to about 55 minutes, about 50 minutes to about 60minutes, about 50 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 50 minutes to about80 minutes, about 50 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 50 minutes toabout 100 minutes, about 50 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 50minutes to about 120 minutes, about 55 minutes to about 60 minutes,about 55 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 55 minutes to about 80minutes, about 55 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 55 minutes to about100 minutes, about 55 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 55 minutes toabout 120 minutes, about 60 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 60minutes to about 80 minutes, about 60 minutes to about 90 minutes, about60 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 60 minutes to about 110 minutes,about 60 minutes to about 120 minutes, about 70 minutes to about 80minutes, about 70 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 70 minutes to about100 minutes, about 70 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 70 minutes toabout 120 minutes, about 80 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 80minutes to about 100 minutes, about 80 minutes to about 110 minutes,about 80 minutes to about 120 minutes, about 90 minutes to about 100minutes, about 90 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 90 minutes toabout 120 minutes, about 100 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 100minutes to about 120 minutes, or about 110 minutes to about 120 minutes.

A disclosed composition, method and/or use are less harsh on a medicaldevice resulting in a longer lifetime use of a medical device. Inaspects of this embodiment, a medical device can be cleaned, disinfectedand/or sterilized, e.g., about 50 times, about 60 times, about 70 times,about 80 times, about 90 times, about 100 times, about 110 times, about120 times, about 130 times, about 140 times, about 150 times, about 160times, about 170 times, about 180 times, about 190 times, about 200times, about 210 times, about 220 times, about 230 times, about 240times, about 250 times, about 260 times, about 270 times, about 280times, about 290 times, or about 300 times. In other aspects of thisembodiment, a medical device can be cleaned, disinfected and/orsterilized, e.g., at least 50 times, at least 60 times, at least 70times, at least 80 times, at least 90 times, at least 100 times, atleast 110 times, at least 120 times, at least 130 times, at least 140times, at least 150 times, at least 160 times, at least 170 times, atleast 180 times, at least 190 times, at least 200 times, at least 210times, at least 220 times, at least 230 times, at least 240 times, atleast 250 times, at least 260 times, at least 270 times, at least 280times, at least 290 times, or at least 300 times. In yet other aspectsof this embodiment, a medical device can be cleaned, disinfected and/orsterilized, e.g., at most 50 times, at most 60 times, at most 70 times,at most 80 times, at most 90 times, at most 100 times, at most 110times, at most 120 times, at most 130 times, at most 140 times, at most150 times, at most 160 times, at most 170 times, at most 180 times, atmost 190 times, at most 200 times, at most 210 times, at most 220 times,at most 230 times, at most 240 times, at most 250 times, at most 260times, at most 270 times, at most 280 times, at most 290 times, or atmost 300 times.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a medical device can becleaned, disinfected and/or sterilized, e.g., about 50 times to about 60times, about 50 times to about 70 times, about 50 times to about 80times, about 50 times to about 90 times, about 50 times to about 100times, about 50 times to about 110 times, about 50 times to about 120times, about 50 times to about 130 times, about 50 times to about 140times, about 50 times to about 150 times, about 50 times to about 175times, about 50 times to about 200 times, about 50 times to about 225times, about 50 times to about 250 times, about 50 times to about 275times, about 50 times to about 300 times, about 75 times to about 90times, about 75 times to about 100 times, about 75 times to about 110times, about 75 times to about 120 times, about 75 times to about 130times, about 75 times to about 140 times, about 75 times to about 150times, about 75 times to about 175 times, about 75 times to about 200times, about 75 times to about 225 times, about 75 times to about 250times, about 75 times to about 275 times, about 75 times to about 300times, about 100 times to about 110 times, about 100 times to about 120times, about 100 times to about 130 times, about 100 times to about 140times, about 100 times to about 150 times, about 100 times to about 175times, about 100 times to about 200 times, about 100 times to about 225times, about 100 times to about 250 times, about 100 times to about 275times, about 100 times to about 300 times, about 125 times to about 150times, about 125 times to about 175 times, about 125 times to about 200times, about 125 times to about 225 times, about 125 times to about 250times, about 125 times to about 275 times, about 125 times to about 300times, about 150 times to about 175 times, about 150 times to about 200times, about 150 times to about 225 times, about 150 times to about 250times, about 150 times to about 275 times, about 150 times to about 300times, about 175 times to about 200 times, about 175 times to about 225times, about 175 times to about 250 times, about 175 times to about 275times, about 175 times to about 300 times, about 200 times to about 225times, about 200 times to about 250 times, about 200 times to about 275times, about 200 times to about 300 times, about 225 times to about 250times, about 225 times to about 275 times, about 225 times to about 300times, about 250 times to about 275 times, about 250 times to about 300times, or about 275 times to about 300 times.

A method disclosed herein may further comprises a rinsing step using arinse solution. Typically, the rinse solution is used to rinse acleaned, disinfected and/or sterilized medical device or surface. Therinse solution is preferably a sterile solution. In one embodiment, arinse solution disclosed herein comprises water. In another embodiment,a rinse solution disclosed herein comprises hypochlorous acid or freeavailable chlorine and water. In another embodiment, a rinse solutiondisclosed herein does not comprises hypochlorous acid and/or freeavailable chlorine. When present in a kit disclosed herein, the rinsesolution is present in a separate container.

The amount of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine present in arinse solution disclosed herein is any amount that provides anantimicrobial effect, with the proviso that the total amount ofhypochlorous acid or free available chlorine present is an amount belowthe threshold level that results in oxidation of a medical device ofsurface as disclosed herein. In aspects of this embodiment, the amountof hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine present in a rinsesolution may be, e.g., about 5 ppm, about 10 ppm, about 20 ppm, about 30ppm, about 40 ppm, about 50 ppm, about 60 ppm, about 70 ppm, about 80ppm, about 90 ppm, about 100 ppm, about 110 ppm, or about 120 ppm. Inother aspects of this embodiment, the amount of hypochlorous acid orfree available chlorine present in a rinse solution may be, e.g., atmost 5 ppm, at most 10 ppm, at most 20 ppm, at most 30 ppm, at most 40ppm, at most 50 ppm, at most 60 ppm, at most 70 ppm, at most 80 ppm, atmost 90 ppm, at most 100 ppm, at most 110 ppm, or at most 120 ppm. Inyet other aspects of this embodiment, the amount of hypochlorous acid orfree available chlorine present in a rinse solution may be, e.g., about5 ppm to about 10 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 5 ppm to about30 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm, about5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 5 ppm to about80 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 100 ppm, about5 ppm to about 110 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 20 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 40ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 60 ppm, about10 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 10 ppm toabout 90 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 110ppm, about 10 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 20 ppm to about 30 ppm, about20 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 20 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 20 ppm toabout 60 ppm, about 20 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 20 ppm to about 80ppm, about 20 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 20 ppm to about 100 ppm, about20 ppm to about 110 ppm, about 20 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 30 ppm toabout 40 ppm, about 30 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 30 ppm to about 60ppm, about 30 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 30 ppm to about 80 ppm, about30 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 30 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 30 ppm toabout 110 ppm, about 30 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 40 ppm to about 50ppm, about 40 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 40 ppm to about 70 ppm, about40 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 40 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 40 ppm toabout 100 ppm, about 40 ppm to about 110 ppm, about 40 ppm to about 120ppm, about 50 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 70 ppm, about50 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 50 ppm toabout 100 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 110 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 120ppm, about 60 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 60 ppm to about 80 ppm, about60 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 60 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 60 ppm toabout 110 ppm, about 60 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 70 ppm to about 80ppm, about 70 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 70 ppm to about 100 ppm, about70 ppm to about 110 ppm, about 70 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 80 ppm toabout 90 ppm, about 80 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 80 ppm to about 110ppm, about 80 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 90 ppm to about 100 ppm, about90 ppm to about 110 ppm, about 90 ppm to about 120 ppm, about 100 ppm toabout 110 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 120 ppm, or about 110 ppm to about120 ppm.

Aspects of the present specification can also be described as follows:

-   1. A composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or    consisting of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and one    or more disinfectants.-   2. The composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the    hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine is in an amount of    about 0.00005%, about 0.00006%, about 0.00007%, about 0.000075%,    about 0.00008%, about 0.00009%, about 0.0001%, about 0.0005%, about    0.001%, about 0.0015%, about 0.002%, about 0.0025%, about 0.003%,    about 0.0035%, about 0.004%, about 0.0045%, about 0.005%, about    0.0055%, about 0.006%, about 0.007%, about 0.0075%, about 0.008%,    about 0.009%, about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%,    about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.075%, about 0.08%,    about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%,    about 0.14%, or about 0.15% by weight of the composition or at least    0.00005%, at least 0.00006%, at least 0.00007%, at least 0.000075%,    at least 0.00008%, at least 0.00009%, at least 0.0001%, at least    0.0005%, at least 0.001%, at least 0.0015%, at least 0.002%, at    least 0.0025%, at least 0.003%, at least 0.0035%, at least 0.004%,    at least 0.0045%, at least 0.005%, at least 0.0055%, at least    0.006%, at least 0.007%, at least 0.0075%, at least 0.008%, at least    0.009%, at least 0.01%, at least 0.02%, at least 0.03%, at least    0.04%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.06%, at least 0.07%, at least    0.075%, at least 0.08%, at least 0.09%, at least 0.10%, at least    0.11%, at least 0.12%, at least 0.13%, at least 0.14%, or at least    0.15% by weight of the composition or at most 0.00005%, at most    0.00006%, at most 0.00007%, at most 0.000075%, at most 0.00008%, at    most 0.00009%, at most 0.0001%, at most 0.0005%, at most 0.001%, at    most 0.0015%, at most 0.002%, at most 0.0025%, at most 0.003%, at    most 0.0035%, at most 0.004%, at most 0.0045%, at most 0.005%, at    most 0.0055%, at most 0.006%, at most 0.007%, at most 0.0075%, at    most 0.008%, at most 0.009%, at most 0.01%, at most 0.02%, at most    0.03%, at most 0.04%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.06%, at most 0.07%,    at most 0.075%, at most 0.08%, at most 0.09%, at most 0.10%, at most    0.11%, at most 0.12%, at most 0.13%, at most 0.14%, or at most 0.15%    by weight of the composition or about 0.00075% to about 0.002%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.003%, about 0.00075% to about 0.004%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.005%, about 0.00075% to about 0.006%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.007%, about 0.00075% to about 0.008%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.009%, about 0.00075% to about 0.01%, about    0.001% to about 0.002%, about 0.001% to about 0.003%, about 0.001%    to about 0.004%, about 0.001% to about 0.005%, about 0.001% to about    0.006%, about 0.001% to about 0.007%, about 0.001% to about 0.008%,    about 0.001% to about 0.009%, about 0.001% to about 0.01%, about    0.002% to about 0.003%, about 0.002% to about 0.004%, about 0.002%    to about 0.005%, about 0.002% to about 0.006%, about 0.002% to about    0.007%, about 0.002% to about 0.008%, about 0.002% to about 0.009%,    about 0.002% to about 0.01% by weight of the composition-   3. The composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the    hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine is in an amount of 0.05    ppm, 0.10 ppm, 0.15 ppm, 0.20 ppm, 0.25 ppm, 0.30 ppm, 0.35 ppm,    0.40 ppm, 0.45 ppm, 0.50 ppm, 0.55 ppm, 0.60 ppm, 0.65 ppm, 0.70    ppm, 0.75 ppm, 0.80 ppm, 0.85 ppm, 0.90 ppm, 0.95 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm,    10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm, 30 ppm, 35 ppm, 40 ppm, 45 ppm, 50    ppm, 55 ppm, 60 ppm, 65 ppm, 70 ppm, 75 ppm, 80 ppm, 85 ppm, 90 ppm,    95 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250    ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm,    450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm, 600 ppm, 625    ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm, 800 ppm,    825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm, 1,000    ppm, 1,025 ppm, 1,050 ppm, 1075 ppm, 1,100 ppm, 1,125 ppm, 1,150    ppm, 1,175 ppm, 1,200 ppm, 1,225 ppm, 1,250 ppm, 1,275 ppm, 1,300    ppm, 1,325 ppm, 1,350 ppm, 1,375 ppm, 1,400 ppm, 1,425 ppm, 1,450    ppm, 1,475 ppm, or 1,500 ppm or at least 0.05 ppm, at least 0.10    ppm, at least 0.20 ppm, at least 0.30 ppm, at least 0.40 ppm, at    least 0.50 ppm, at least 0.60 ppm, at least 0.70 ppm, at least 0.80    ppm, at least 0.90 ppm, at least 1 ppm, at least 10 ppm, at least 20    ppm, at least 30 ppm, at least 40 ppm, at least 50 ppm, at least 60    ppm, at least 70 ppm, at least 80 ppm, at least 90 ppm, at least 100    ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least    200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, at    least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm,    at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475    ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least    575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at    least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm,    at least 775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850    ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least    950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, at least 1,000 ppm, at least 1,025 ppm,    at least 1,050 ppm, at least 1075 ppm, at least 1,100 ppm, at least    1,125 ppm, at least 1,150 ppm, at least 1,175 ppm, at least 1,200    ppm, at least 1,225 ppm, at least 1,250 ppm, at least 1,275 ppm, at    least 1,300 ppm, at least 1,325 ppm, at least 1,350 ppm, at least    1,375 ppm, at least 1,400 ppm, at least 1,425 ppm, at least 1,450    ppm, at least 1,475 ppm, or at least 1,500 ppm or at most 0.05 ppm,    at most 0.10 ppm, at most 0.20 ppm, at most 0.30 ppm, at most 0.40    ppm, at most 0.50 ppm, at most 0.60 ppm, at most 0.70 ppm, at most    0.80 ppm, at most 0.90 ppm, at most 1 ppm, at most 10 ppm, at most    20 ppm, at most 30 ppm, at most 40 ppm, at most 50 ppm, at most 60    ppm, at most 70 ppm, at most 80 ppm, at most 90 ppm, at most 100    ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200    ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300    ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400    ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500    ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600    ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700    ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800    ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900    ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, at most    1,000 ppm, at most 1,025 ppm, at most 1,050 ppm, at most 1075 ppm,    at most 1,100 ppm, at most 1,125 ppm, at most 1,150 ppm, at most    1,175 ppm, at most 1,200 ppm, at most 1,225 ppm, at most 1,250 ppm,    at most 1,275 ppm, at most 1,300 ppm, at most 1,325 ppm, at most    1,350 ppm, at most 1,375 ppm, at most 1,400 ppm, at most 1,425 ppm,    at most 1,450 ppm, at most 1,475 ppm, or at most 1,500 ppm or about    0.5 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.5    ppm to about 30 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about    50 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 60    ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 70 ppm,    about 0.5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 80 ppm, about    0.5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 0.5    ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 0.75 ppm    to about 20 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 30 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 50 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 60 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 70 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 80 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 90 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 25    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 35 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 60    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 70 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 85 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 95    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 20 ppm,    about 5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 5    ppm to about 35 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 5 ppm to    about 45 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 55    ppm, about 5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about    5 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 5 ppm to    about 80 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 90    ppm, about 5 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 100 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 10    ppm to about 30 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50    ppm, about 10 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 60 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 10    ppm to about 75 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 85 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 95    ppm, or about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm or about 1 ppm to about 25    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 1 ppm to about    200 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 250 ppm,    about 1 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 1    ppm to about 325 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 375 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 10 ppm to about    25 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 75 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 125 ppm, about    10 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 10 ppm    to about 200 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 10 ppm to about    300 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 350    ppm, about 10 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 400 ppm,    about 25 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 25    ppm to about 100 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 25 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 25 ppm to about    200 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 250    ppm, about 25 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 300 ppm,    about 25 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 350 ppm, about    25 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 50 ppm    to about 75 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 50 ppm to    about 125 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 50 ppm to about    175 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 225    ppm, about 50 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 275 ppm,    about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 325 ppm, about    50 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 50 ppm    to about 400 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 75 ppm to    about 125 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 75 ppm to about    175 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 225    ppm, about 75 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 275 ppm,    about 75 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 325 ppm, about    75 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 75 ppm    to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 200 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 350 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 350 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 375 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,200 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,200 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 1,000 ppm    to about 1,200 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,000    ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about    1,100 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,300 ppm,    about 1,100 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,500    ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about    1,400 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, or about 1,400    ppm to about 1,500 ppm.-   4. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein    the one or more disinfectants are in an amount of about 0.01%, about    0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%,    about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about    1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%,    about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about    9.0% or about 10.0% by weight of the composition, or at least 0.01%,    at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at    least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least    2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at    least 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least    9.0%, or at least 10.0% by weight of the composition, or at most    0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most 0.25%,    at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at most    2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, at    most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at most 9.0% or at most 10.0%    by weight of the composition, or about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about    0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% to about    1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.2%    to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%,    about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to    about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%,    about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to    about 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%,    about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to    about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%,    about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to    about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%,    about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to about 3.0%, about 2.0% to    about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%, about 2.0% to about 6.0%,    about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.5%, about 2.0% to    about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% to about 10.0%,    about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about 5.0% to    about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%,    about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% to    about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0% or    about 5.0% to about 15.0% by weight of the composition.-   5. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein    the one or more disinfectants are in an amount of about 100 ppm, 125    ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm,    325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500    ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm, 600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm,    700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm, 800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875    ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm, or 1,000 ppm, or at least    100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at    least 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm,    at least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375    ppm, at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least    475 ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at    least 575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm,    at least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750    ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least    850 ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at    least 950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, or at least 1,000 ppm, or at most    100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most    200 ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most    300 ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most    400 ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most    500 ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most    600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most    700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most    800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most    900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, or at    most 1,000 ppm, or about 100 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 500 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 500 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 600 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, or about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm.-   6. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-5, wherein    the one or more disinfectants include one or more compounds    containing a guanide moiety or functional group, one or more    aldehyde-containing compounds, one or more organic peroxides, or any    combination thereof.-   7. The composition according to embodiment 6, wherein the one or    more guanide-containing compounds comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a    biguanide, a biguanide-containing compound, a biguanidine, a    biguanidine-containing compound, a triguanide, a    triguanide-containing compound, or any combination thereof.-   8. The composition according to embodiment 7, wherein the one or    more biguanide-containing compounds include a polyhexamethylene    biguanide (PHMB), a polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB), a    1,1′-(1,6-Hexanediyl)bis{2-[N′-(2-ethylhexyl)carbamimidoyl]guanidine}    (alexidine), a chlorhexidine, a chlorhexidine gluconate, or any    combination thereof.-   9. The composition according to embodiment 6, wherein the one or    more aldehyde-containing compounds include one or more aldehydes,    one or more dialdehydes, or any combination thereof.-   10. The composition according to embodiment 9, wherein the one or    more aldehydes includes one or more linear aldehydes, one or more    branched aldehydes, one or more cyclic aldehydes, one or more    aromatic aldehydes, or any combination thereof.-   11. The composition according to embodiment 9 or 10, wherein the one    or more aldehydes includes formaldehyde, acetaldehyde,    propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, or any combination thereof.-   12. The composition according to embodiment 9, wherein the one or    more dialdehydes includes one or more linear dialdehydes, one or    more branched dialdehydes, one or more cyclic dialdehydes, one or    more aromatic dialdehydes, or any combination thereof.-   13. The composition according to embodiment 9 or 10, wherein the one    or more dialdehydes includes oxaldehyde, malondialdehyde,    glutaraldehyde, succinicdialdehyde, phthalaldehyde    (ortho-phthalaldehyde), isophthalaldehyde (meta-phthalaldehyde),    terephthalaldehyde (para-phthalaldehyde), or any combination    thereof.-   14. The composition according to embodiment 6, wherein the one or    more organic peroxides include benzoyl peroxide, ethaneperoxoic acid    (peracetic acid), or any combination thereof.-   15. The composition according to any one of embodiments 6-14,    wherein the one or more guanide-containing compounds, one or more    aldehyde-containing compounds, and/or one or more organic peroxides    are in an amount of about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about    0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%,    about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about    2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%,    about 6.5%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about 8.5%, about    9.0%, about 9.5%, about 10.0%. about 11%, about 12%, about 13%,    about 14%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, or about 30% by weight    of the composition, or at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least    0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least    0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%,    at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least    7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, at least 10.0%,    at least 11%, at least 12%, at least 13%, at least 14%, at least    15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, or at least 30% by weight of the    composition, or at most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at    most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%,    at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most    4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at    most 9.0%, at most 10.0%, at most 11%, at most 12%, at most 13%, at    most 14%, at most 15%, at most 20%, at most 25%, or at most 30% by    weight of the composition, or about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1%    to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%,    about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.1% to    about 3.0%, about 0.1% to about 3.5%, about 0.1% to about 4.0%,    about 0.1% to about 4.5%, about 0.1% to about 5.0%, about 0.2% to    about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%,    about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to    about 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about 0.2% to about 3.5%,    about 0.2% to about 4.0%, about 0.2% to about 4.5%, about 0.2% to    about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%,    about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to    about 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%,    about 0.5% to about 6.0%, about 0.5% to about 7.0%, about 0.5% to    about 8.0%, about 0.5% to about 9.0%, about 0.5% to about 10.0%,    about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to    about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%,    about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to    about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%,    about 1.0% to about 15.0%, about 1.0% to about 20.0%, about 1.0% to    about 25.0%, about 1.0% to about 30.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%,    about 2.0% to about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to    about 5.0%, about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%,    about 2.0% to about 7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to    about 9.0%, about 2.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 15.0%,    about 2.0% to about 20.0%, about 2.0% to about 25.0%, about 2.0% to    about 30.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%,    about 5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to    about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%,    about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to    about 14.0%, about 5.0% to about 15.0%, about 5.0% to about 20.0%,    about 5.0% to about 25.0%, about 5.0% to about 30.0%, about 6.0% to    about 7.0%, about 6.0% to about 7.5%, about 6.0% to about 8.0%,    about 6.0% to about 9.0%, about 6.0% to about 10.0%, about 6.0% to    about 11.0%, about 6.0% to about 12.0%, about 6.0% to about 13.0%,    about 6.0% to about 14.0%, about 6.0% to about 15.0%, about 6.0% to    about 20.0%, about 6.0% to about 25.0%, about 6.0% to about 30.0%,    about 7.0% to about 8.0%, about 7.0% to about 9.0%, about 7.0% to    about 10.0%, about 7.0% to about 11.0%, about 7.0% to about 12.0%,    about 7.0% to about 13.0%, about 7.0% to about 14.0%, about 7.0% to    about 15.0%, about 7.0% to about 20.0%, about 7.0% to about 25.0%,    about 7.0% to about 30.0%, about 8.0% to about 9.0%, about 8.0% to    about 10.0%, about 8.0% to about 11.0%, about 8.0% to about 12.0%,    about 8.0% to about 13.0%, about 8.0% to about 14.0%, about 8.0% to    about 15.0%, about 8.0% to about 20.0%, about 8.0% to about 25.0%,    about 8.0% to about 30.0%, about 9.0% to about 10.0%, about 9.0% to    about 11.0%, about 9.0% to about 12.0%, about 9.0% to about 13.0%,    about 9.0% to about 14.0%, about 9.0% to about 15.0%, about 9.0% to    about 20.0%, about 9.0% to about 25.0%, about 9.0% to about 30.0%,    about 10.0% to about 11.0%, about 10.0% to about 12.0%, about 10.0%    to about 13.0%, about 10.0% to about 14.0%, about 10.0% to about    15.0%, about 10.0% to about 20.0%, about 10.0% to about 25.0%, about    10.0% to about 30.0%, about 15.0% to about 20.0%, about 15.0% to    about 25.0%, about 15.0% to about 30.0%, about 20.0% to about 25.0%,    about 20.0% to about 30.0%, or about 20.0% to about 30.0%, by weight    of the composition.-   16. The composition according to any one of embodiments 6-14,    wherein the one or more aldehydes and/or one or more dialdehydes are    in an amount of about 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm,    225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400    ppm, 425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm,    600 ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775    ppm, 800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm,    975 ppm, or 1,000 ppm, or at least 100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at    least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm,    at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, at least 300 ppm, at least 325    ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm, at least 400 ppm, at least    425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475 ppm, at least 500 ppm, at    least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least 575 ppm, at least 600 ppm,    at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at least 675 ppm, at least 700    ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least    800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850 ppm, at least 875 ppm, at    least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950 ppm, at least 975 ppm,    or at least 1,000 ppm, or at most 100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most    150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200 ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most    250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300 ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most    350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most    450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most    550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most    650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most    750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most    850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most    950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, or at most 1,000 ppm,-   17. The composition according to any one of embodiments 6-14,    wherein the one or more aldehydes and/or one or more dialdehydes are    in an amount of about 100 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 500 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 500 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 600 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, or about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm.-   18. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-17,    further comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of one    or more surfactants which act as foaming agents.-   19. A composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or    consisting of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine and one    or more surfactants which act as foaming agents.-   20. The composition according to embodiment 19, wherein the    hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine is in an amount of    0.00005%, 0.00006%, 0.00007%, 0.000075%, 0.00008%, 0.00009%,    0.0001%, 0.0005%, 0.001%, 0.0015%, 0.002%, 0.0025%, 0.003%, 0.0035%,    0.004%, 0.0045%, 0.005%, 0.0055%, 0.006%, 0.007%, 0.0075%, 0.008%,    0.009%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% or 0.05% by weight of the    composition or at least 0.00005%, at least 0.00006%, at least    0.00007%, at least 0.000075%, at least 0.00008%, at least 0.00009%,    at least 0.0001%, at least 0.0005%, at least 0.001%, at least    0.0015%, at least 0.002%, at least 0.0025%, at least 0.003%, at    least 0.0035%, at least 0.004%, at least 0.0045%, at least 0.005%,    at least 0.0055%, at least 0.006%, at least 0.007%, at least    0.0075%, at least 0.008%, at least 0.009%, at least 0.01%, at least    0.02%, at least 0.03%, at least 0.04% or at least 0.05% by weight of    the composition or at most 0.00005%, at most 0.00006%, at most    0.00007%, at most 0.000075%, at most 0.00008%, at most 0.00009%, at    most 0.0001%, at most 0.0005%, at most 0.001%, at most 0.0015%, at    most 0.002%, at most 0.0025%, at most 0.003%, at most 0.0035%, at    most 0.004%, at most 0.0045%, at most 0.005%, at most 0.0055%, at    most 0.006%, at most 0.007%, at most 0.0075%, at most 0.008%, at    most 0.009%, at most 0.01%, at most 0.02%, at most 0.03%, at most    0.04% or at most 0.05% by weight of the composition or about    0.00075% to about 0.002%, about 0.00075% to about 0.003%, about    0.00075% to about 0.004%, about 0.00075% to about 0.005%, about    0.00075% to about 0.006%, about 0.00075% to about 0.007%, about    0.00075% to about 0.008%, about 0.00075% to about 0.009%, about    0.00075% to about 0.01%, about 0.001% to about 0.002%, about 0.001%    to about 0.003%, about 0.001% to about 0.004%, about 0.001% to about    0.005%, about 0.001% to about 0.006%, about 0.001% to about 0.007%,    about 0.001% to about 0.008%, about 0.001% to about 0.009%, about    0.001% to about 0.01%, about 0.002% to about 0.003%, about 0.002% to    about 0.004%, about 0.002% to about 0.005%, about 0.002% to about    0.006%, about 0.002% to about 0.007%, about 0.002% to about 0.008%,    about 0.002% to about 0.009%, about 0.002% to about 0.01% by weight    of the composition-   21. The composition according to embodiment 19, wherein the    hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine is in an amount of 0.05    ppm, 0.10 ppm, 0.15 ppm, 0.20 ppm, 0.25 ppm, 0.30 ppm, 0.35 ppm,    0.40 ppm, 0.45 ppm, 0.50 ppm, 0.55 ppm, 0.60 ppm, 0.65 ppm, 0.70    ppm, 0.75 ppm, 0.80 ppm, 0.85 ppm, 0.90 ppm, 0.95 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm,    10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm, 30 ppm, 35 ppm, 40 ppm, 45 ppm, 50    ppm, 55 ppm, 60 ppm, 65 ppm, 70 ppm, 75 ppm, 80 ppm, 85 ppm, 90 ppm,    95 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250    ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm,    450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm, 600 ppm, 625    ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm, 800 ppm,    825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm, 1,000    ppm, 1,025 ppm, 1,050 ppm, 1075 ppm, 1,100 ppm, 1,125 ppm, 1,150    ppm, 1,175 ppm, 1,200 ppm, 1,225 ppm, 1,250 ppm, 1,275 ppm, 1,300    ppm, 1,325 ppm, 1,350 ppm, 1,375 ppm, 1,400 ppm, 1,425 ppm, 1,450    ppm, 1,475 ppm, or 1,500 ppm or at least 0.05 ppm, at least 0.10    ppm, at least 0.20 ppm, at least 0.30 ppm, at least 0.40 ppm, at    least 0.50 ppm, at least 0.60 ppm, at least 0.70 ppm, at least 0.80    ppm, at least 0.90 ppm, at least 1 ppm, at least 10 ppm, at least 20    ppm, at least 30 ppm, at least 40 ppm, at least 50 ppm, at least 60    ppm, at least 70 ppm, at least 80 ppm, at least 90 ppm, at least 100    ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least    200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, at    least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm,    at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475    ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least    575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at    least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm,    at least 775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850    ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least    950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, at least 1,000 ppm, at least 1,025 ppm,    at least 1,050 ppm, at least 1075 ppm, at least 1,100 ppm, at least    1,125 ppm, at least 1,150 ppm, at least 1,175 ppm, at least 1,200    ppm, at least 1,225 ppm, at least 1,250 ppm, at least 1,275 ppm, at    least 1,300 ppm, at least 1,325 ppm, at least 1,350 ppm, at least    1,375 ppm, at least 1,400 ppm, at least 1,425 ppm, at least 1,450    ppm, at least 1,475 ppm, or at least 1,500 ppm or at most 0.05 ppm,    at most 0.10 ppm, at most 0.20 ppm, at most 0.30 ppm, at most 0.40    ppm, at most 0.50 ppm, at most 0.60 ppm, at most 0.70 ppm, at most    0.80 ppm, at most 0.90 ppm, at most 1 ppm, at most 10 ppm, at most    20 ppm, at most 30 ppm, at most 40 ppm, at most 50 ppm, at most 60    ppm, at most 70 ppm, at most 80 ppm, at most 90 ppm, at most 100    ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200    ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300    ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400    ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500    ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600    ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700    ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800    ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900    ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, at most    1,000 ppm, at most 1,025 ppm, at most 1,050 ppm, at most 1075 ppm,    at most 1,100 ppm, at most 1,125 ppm, at most 1,150 ppm, at most    1,175 ppm, at most 1,200 ppm, at most 1,225 ppm, at most 1,250 ppm,    at most 1,275 ppm, at most 1,300 ppm, at most 1,325 ppm, at most    1,350 ppm, at most 1,375 ppm, at most 1,400 ppm, at most 1,425 ppm,    at most 1,450 ppm, at most 1,475 ppm, or at most 1,500 ppm or about    0.5 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.5    ppm to about 30 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about    50 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 60    ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 70 ppm,    about 0.5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 80 ppm, about    0.5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 0.5    ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 0.75 ppm    to about 20 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 30 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 50 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 60 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 70 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 80 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 90 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 25    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 35 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 60    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 70 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 85 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 95    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 20 ppm,    about 5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 5    ppm to about 35 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 5 ppm to    about 45 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 55    ppm, about 5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about    5 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 5 ppm to    about 80 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 90    ppm, about 5 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 100 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 10    ppm to about 30 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50    ppm, about 10 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 60 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 10    ppm to about 75 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 85 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 95    ppm, or about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm or about 1 ppm to about 25    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 1 ppm to about    200 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 250 ppm,    about 1 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 1    ppm to about 325 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 375 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 10 ppm to about    25 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 75 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 125 ppm, about    10 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 10 ppm    to about 200 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 10 ppm to about    300 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 350    ppm, about 10 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 400 ppm,    about 25 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 25    ppm to about 100 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 25 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 25 ppm to about    200 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 250    ppm, about 25 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 300 ppm,    about 25 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 350 ppm, about    25 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 50 ppm    to about 75 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 50 ppm to    about 125 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 50 ppm to about    175 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 225    ppm, about 50 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 275 ppm,    about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 325 ppm, about    50 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 50 ppm    to about 400 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 75 ppm to    about 125 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 75 ppm to about    175 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 225    ppm, about 75 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 275 ppm,    about 75 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 325 ppm, about    75 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 75 ppm    to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 200 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 350 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 350 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 375 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,200 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,200 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 1,000 ppm    to about 1,200 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,000    ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about    1,100 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,300 ppm,    about 1,100 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,500    ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about    1,400 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, or about 1,400    ppm to about 1,500 ppm.-   22. The composition according to any one of embodiments 18-21,    wherein the one or more surfactants include one or more ionic    surfactants, one or more zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants, one    or more non-ionic surfactants, one or more biosurfactants, or any    combination thereof-   23. The composition according to embodiment 22, wherein the one or    more ionic surfactants include one or more anionic surfactants, one    or more cationic surfactants, or any combination thereof.-   24. The composition according to embodiment 23, wherein the one or    more anionic surfactants include one or more alkyl sulfates, one or    more alkyl ether sulfates, one or more docusates like dioctyl sodium    sulfosuccinates, one or more sulfonate fluorosurfactants, one or    more alkyldiphenyloxide, one or more alkyldiphenyloxide    disulfonates, one or more potassium phosphate polyether esters, one    or more alkyl benzene sulfonates, one or more alkyl aryl ether    phosphates, one or more alkyl ether phosphates, one or more alkyl    carboxylates, one or more carboxylate fluorosurfactants, sodium    lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium hexyldiphenyl ether sulfonate (DOWFAX™    C6L), or any combination thereof.-   25. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more alkyl sulfates include ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl    sulfate (SDS), or any combination thereof.-   26. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more alkyl ether sulfates include sodium laureth sulfate, sodium    myreth sulfate, or any combination thereof.-   27. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more docusates include dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate.-   28. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more sulfonate fluorosurfactants include perfluorooctanesulfonate    (PFOS), perfluorobutanesulfonate, or any combination thereof.-   29. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more alkyldiphenyloxide disulfonates include DOWFAX™ 2A1 (Disodium    Lauryl Phenyl Ether Disulfonate), DOWFAX™ 3B2 (Disodium Decyl Phenyl    Ether Disulfonate), DOWFAX™ C10L (Disodium Decyl Phenyl Ether    Disulfonate), DOWFAX™ 2EP, DOWFAX™ 8390 (Disodium Cetyl Phenyl Ether    Disulfonate), or any combination thereof.-   30. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more potassium phosphate polyether esters include TRITON™ H-55,    TRITON™ H-66, or any combination thereof.-   31. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more alkyl carboxylates include fatty acid salts, sodium stearate,    or any combination thereof.-   32. The composition according to embodiment 24, wherein the one or    more carboxylate fluorosurfactants include perfluorononanoate,    perfluorooctanoate, or any combination thereof.-   33. The composition according to embodiment 23, wherein the one or    more cationic surfactants include one or more quaternary ammonium    surfactants, pH-dependent primary amine surfactant, pH-dependent    secondary amine surfactant, pH-dependent tertiary amine surfactant,    or any combination thereof.-   34. The composition according to embodiment 33, wherein the one or    more quaternary ammonium surfactants include benzalkonium chloride    (BAC), benzethonium chloride (BZT), benzododecinium bromide (or    dimethyldodecylbenzylammonium bromide), bronidox, (or    5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane), carbethopendecinium bromide,    cetalkonium chloride (CKC), cetrimonium, cetrimide, cetylpyridinium    chloride (CPC), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB or cetrimonium    bromide) and cetyl trimethylammonium chloride (CTAC or cetrimonium    chloride), didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC),    dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB or    dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide), dioctadecyldimethylammonium    chloride (DODAC or dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride),    docosyltrimethylammonium chloride (DCTAC or behentrimonium    chloride), dofanium chloride, domiphen bromide, methylbenzethonium    chloride, octenidine dihydrochloride, polidronium chloride,    stearalkonium chloride (or dimethylbenzyloctadecylammonium),    tetraethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and    thonzonium bromide, or any combination thereof.-   35. The composition according to embodiment 22, wherein the one or    more Zwitterionic surfactants include one or more sultaines one or    more betaines, one or more lecithins,    3-[(3-Cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS),    or any combination thereof.-   36. The composition according to embodiment 35, wherein the one or    more sultaines include cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.-   37. The composition according to embodiment 35, wherein the one or    more betaines include cocamidopropyl betaine.-   38. The composition according to embodiment 22, wherein the one or    more non-ionic surfactants include one or more polyether nonionic    surfactants, one or more polyhydroxyl nonionic surfactants, or any    combination thereof.-   39. The composition according to embodiment 22, wherein the one or    more non-ionic surfactants include one or more alcohol ethoxylates,    one or more alkylphenol ethoxylates, one or more phenol ethoxylates,    one or more amide ethoxylates, one or more glyceride ethoxylates,    one or more fatty acid ethoxylates, one or more fatty amine    ethoxylates, or any combination thereof.-   40. The composition according to embodiment 22, wherein the one or    more non-ionic surfactants include one or more polyoxyethylene    glycol sorbitan alkyl esters (or ethoxylated sorbital esters), one    or more sorbital esters, one or more polyglycerol esters, one or    more ethoxylated polyglycerol esters, one or more alkyl glucosides,    one or more ethoxylated alkyl glucosides, one or more sucrose    esters, one or more ethoxylated sucrose ester, one or more amine    oxides, one or more ethoxylated alcohols, one or more ethoxylated    aliphatic alcohols, one or more alkylamines, one or more ethoxylated    alkylamines, one or more ethoxylated alkyl phenols, one or more    alkyl polysaccharides, one or more ethoxylated alkyl    polysaccharides, one or more ethoxylated fatty acids, one or more    ethoxylated fatty alcohols, one or more ethoxylated fatty amines,    one or more poloxamers (polyethylene-polypropylene copolymers), one    or more linear secondary alcohol ethoxylates, one or more alkyl    phenol polyglycol ethers, one or more polyethylene glycol alkyl aryl    ethers, one or more polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, one or more    polyoxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers, one or more    polyoxyethylene glycol alkylphenol ethers, one or more    phenoxypolyethoxylethanols, one or more glucoside alkyl ethers, one    or more maltoside alkyl ethers, one or more thioglucoside alkyl    ethers, one or more digitonins, one or more glycerol alkyl esters,    one or more alkyl aryl polyether sulfates, one or more alcohol    sulfonates, one or more sorbitan alkyl esters, one or more glycerol    alkyl esters, one or more cocamide ethanolamines, sucrose    monolaurate, dodecyl dimethylamine oxide, sodium cholate,    2-dodecoxyethanol (LUBROL®-PX), or any combination thereof.-   41. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters (or ethoxylated    sorbital esters) include polysorbate 20 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN®    20), polysorbate 40 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 40), polysorbate 60    sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 60), polysorbate 61 sorbitan monooleate    (TWEEN® 61), polysorbate 65 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 65),    polysorbate 80 sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 80), polysorbate 81    sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 81), polysorbate 85 sorbitan monooleate    (TWEEN® 85), or any combination thereof.-   42. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more sorbital esters include sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan    monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan    tristearate, or any combination thereof.-   43. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more polyglycerol esters include glycerol monooleate, glycerol    monolaurate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol monostearate, glycerol    trioleate, glycerol ricinoleate, glycerol tristearate, or any    combination thereof.-   44. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more alkyl glucosides include arachidyl glucoside, C₁₂₋₂₀ alkyl    glucoside, caprylyl/capryl glucoside, cetearyl glucoside,    coco-glucoside, ethyl glucoside and lauryl glucoside, decyl    glucoside, or any combination thereof.-   45. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more sucrose esters include sucrose monooleate, sucrose monolaurate,    sucrose monopalmitate, sucrose monostearate, sucrose trioleate,    sucrose ricinoleate, sucrose tristearate, sucrose diglycerides,    sucrose triacetate, or any combination thereof.-   46. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more ethoxylated alkyl phenols include ethoxylated nonyl phenol,    ethoxylated octyl phenol, or any combination thereof.-   47. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more ethoxylated fatty acids include ethoxylated castor oil.-   48. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more ethoxylated fatty alcohols include ethoxylated ceto-oleyl    alcohol, ethoxylated ceto-stearyl alcohol, ethoxylated decyl    alcohol, ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol, ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol,    or any combination thereof.-   49. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more poloxamers (polyethylene-polypropylene copolymers) include    Poloxamer 124 (PLURONIC® L44), Poloxamer 181 (PLURONIC® L61),    Poloxamer 182 (PLURONIC® L62), Poloxamer 184 (PLURONIC® L64),    Poloxamer 188 (PLURONIC®F68), Poloxamer 237 (PLURONIC®F87),    Poloxamer 338 (PLURONIC®L108), Poloxamer 407 (PLURONIC® F127), or    any combination thereof.-   50. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more linear secondary alcohol ethoxylates include TERGITOL™ 15-S-5,    TERGITOL™ 15-S-7, TERGITOL™ 15-S-9, TERGITOL™ 15-S-12, TERGITOL™    15-S-15, TERGITOL™ 15-S-20, TERGITOL™ 15-S-30, TERGITOL™ 15-S-40, or    any combination thereof.-   51. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers include octaethylene glycol    monododecyl ether, pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, BRIJ® 30,    BRIJ® 35, or any combination thereof.-   52. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more polyoxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers include    polyoxyethylene (4-5) p-t-octyl phenol (TRITON® X-45),    polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether (TRITON® X-100), or any    combination thereof.-   53. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more polyoxyethylene glycol alkylphenol ethers include Nonoxynol-9.-   54. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more phenoxypolyethoxylethanols include    nonylphenoxypolyethoxylethanol, octylphenoxypolyethoxylethanol    (IGEPAL® CA-630 or NONIDET™ P-40), or any combination thereof.-   55. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more glucoside alkyl ethers include octyl glucopyranoside.-   56. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more maltoside alkyl ethers include dodecyl maltopyranoside.-   57. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more thioglucoside alkyl ethers include heptyl thioglucopyranoside.-   58. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more glycerol alkyl esters include glyceryl laurate.-   59. The composition according to embodiment 40, wherein the one or    more cocamide ethanolamines include cocamide monoethanolamine,    cocamide diethanolamine, or any combination thereof.-   60. The composition according to embodiment 22, wherein the one or    more biosurfactants include one or more bio-based anionic    surfactants, one or more bio-based nonionic surfactants, or any    combination thereof.-   61. The composition according to embodiment 60, wherein the one or    more bio-based anionic surfactants include STEPONOL® AM 30-KE, an    ammonium lauryl sulfate, and STEPONOL® EHS, a sodium 2-ethyl hexyl    sulfate, or any combination thereof.-   62. The composition according to embodiment 60, wherein the one or    more bio-based nonionic surfactants include STEPOSOL® MET-10U, a    metathesis-derived, nonionic surfactant that is an unsaturated,    short chain amide.-   63. The composition according to any one of embodiments 18-62,    wherein the one or more surfactants are in an amount of aspects of,    e.g., about 0.001%, about 0.005%, about 0.0075%, about 0.01%, about    0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%,    about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about    1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%,    about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about    9.0% or about 10.0% by weight of the composition, or at least    0.001%, at least 0.005%, at least 0.0075%, at least 0.01%, at least    0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least    0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%,    at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least    6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, or    at least 10.0% by weight of the composition, or at most 0.001%, at    most 0.005%, at most 0.0075%, at most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most    0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at    most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%,    at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most    8.0%, at most 9.0% or at most 10.0% by weight of the composition, or    about 0.001% to about 0.005%, about 0.001% to about 0.0075%, about    0.001% to about 0.01%, about 0.001% to about 0.025%, about 0.001% to    about 0.05%, about 0.001% to about 0.075%, about 0.001% to about    0.1%, about 0.001% to about 0.25%, about 0.001% to about 0.75%,    about 0.001% to about 1.0%, about 0.005% to about 0.0075%, about    0.005% to about 0.01%, about 0.005% to about 0.025%, about 0.005% to    about 0.05%, about 0.005% to about 0.075%, about 0.005% to about    0.1%, about 0.005% to about 0.25%, about 0.005% to about 0.75%,    about 0.005% to about 1.0%, about 0.01% to about 0.05%, about 0.01%    to about 0.075%, about 0.01% to about 0.1%, about 0.01% to about    0.25%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.01% to about 0.75%, about    0.01% to about 1.0%, about 0.01% to about 1.5%, about 0.01% to about    2.0%, about 0.01% to about 2.5%, about 0.05% to about 0.075%, about    0.05% to about 0.1%, about 0.05% to about 0.25%, about 0.05% to    about 0.5%, about 0.05% to about 0.75%, about 0.05% to about 1.0%,    about 0.05% to about 1.5%, about 0.05% to about 2.0%, about 0.05% to    about 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%,    about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to    about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 3.0%,    about 0.1% to about 4.0%, about 0.1% to about 5.0%, about 0.2% to    about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%,    about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to    about 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about 0.2% to about 4.0%,    about 0.2% to about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to    about 1.5%, about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%,    about 0.5% to about 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to    about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 6.0%, about 0.5% to about 7.0%,    about 0.5% to about 8.0%, about 0.5% to about 9.0%, about 0.5% to    about 10.0%, about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%,    about 1.0% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to    about 6.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%,    about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to    about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to about 3.0%,    about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%, about 2.0% to    about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.5%,    about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% to    about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%,    about 5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to    about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%,    about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to    about 14.0%, about 5.0% to about 15.0%, about 6.0% to about 7.0%,    about 6.0% to about 7.5%, about 6.0% to about 8.0%, about 6.0% to    about 9.0%, about 6.0% to about 10.0%, about 6.0% to about 11.0%,    about 6.0% to about 12.0%, about 6.0% to about 13.0%, about 6.0% to    about 14.0% or about 6.0% to about 15.0% by weight of the    composition.-   63. A composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or    consisting of one or more guanide-containing compounds and one or    more alcohols.-   64. The composition according to embodiment 63, wherein the one or    more guanide-containing compounds comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a    biguanide, a biguanide-containing compound, a biguanidine, a    biguanidine-containing compound, a triguanide, a    triguanide-containing compound, or any combination thereof.-   65. The composition according to embodiment 64, wherein the one or    more biguanide-containing compounds include a polyhexamethylene    biguanide (PHMB), a polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB), a    1,1′-(1,6-Hexanediyl)bis{2-[N′-(2-ethylhexyl)carbamimidoyl]guanidine}    (alexidine), a chlorhexidine, a chlorhexidine gluconate, or any    combination thereof.-   66. The composition according to any one of embodiments 63-65,    wherein the one or more alcohols is methanol, ethanol, propanol,    isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, and 1-hexadecanol.-   67. The composition according to any one of embodiments 63-66,    wherein the one or more guanide-containing compounds are in an    amount of about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about    0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%,    about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about    2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 6.5%,    about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about 8.5%, about 9.0%, about    9.5%, about 10.0%. about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, about    15%, about 20%, about 25%, or about 30% by weight of the    composition, or at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at    least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least    1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at    least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least    7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, at least 10.0%, at least 11%, at    least 12%, at least 13%, at least 14%, at least 15%, at least 20%,    at least 25%, or at least 30% by weight of the composition, or at    most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most    0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at    most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%,    at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at most 9.0%, at most    10.0%, at most 11%, at most 12%, at most 13%, at most 14%, at most    15%, at most 20%, at most 25%, or at most 30% by weight of the    composition, or about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%,    about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to    about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 3.0%,    about 0.1% to about 3.5%, about 0.1% to about 4.0%, about 0.1% to    about 4.5%, about 0.1% to about 5.0%, about 0.2% to about 0.5%,    about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%, about 0.2% to    about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to about 2.5%,    about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about 0.2% to about 3.5%, about 0.2% to    about 4.0%, about 0.2% to about 4.5%, about 0.2% to about 5.0%,    about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% to    about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 3.0%,    about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about 0.5% to    about 6.0%, about 0.5% to about 7.0%, about 0.5% to about 8.0%,    about 0.5% to about 9.0%, about 0.5% to about 10.0%, about 1.0% to    about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%,    about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% to    about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%,    about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%, about 1.0% to    about 15.0%, about 1.0% to about 20.0%, about 1.0% to about 25.0%,    about 1.0% to about 30.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to    about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%,    about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to    about 7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%,    about 2.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 15.0%, about 2.0% to    about 20.0%, about 2.0% to about 25.0%, about 2.0% to about 30.0%,    about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about 5.0% to    about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%,    about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% to    about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0%,    about 5.0% to about 15.0%, about 5.0% to about 20.0%, about 5.0% to    about 25.0%, about 5.0% to about 30.0%, about 6.0% to about 7.0%,    about 6.0% to about 7.5%, about 6.0% to about 8.0%, about 6.0% to    about 9.0%, about 6.0% to about 10.0%, about 6.0% to about 11.0%,    about 6.0% to about 12.0%, about 6.0% to about 13.0%, about 6.0% to    about 14.0%, about 6.0% to about 15.0%, about 6.0% to about 20.0%,    about 6.0% to about 25.0%, about 6.0% to about 30.0%, about 7.0% to    about 8.0%, about 7.0% to about 9.0%, about 7.0% to about 10.0%,    about 7.0% to about 11.0%, about 7.0% to about 12.0%, about 7.0% to    about 13.0%, about 7.0% to about 14.0%, about 7.0% to about 15.0%,    about 7.0% to about 20.0%, about 7.0% to about 25.0%, about 7.0% to    about 30.0%, about 8.0% to about 9.0%, about 8.0% to about 10.0%,    about 8.0% to about 11.0%, about 8.0% to about 12.0%, about 8.0% to    about 13.0%, about 8.0% to about 14.0%, about 8.0% to about 15.0%,    about 8.0% to about 20.0%, about 8.0% to about 25.0%, about 8.0% to    about 30.0%, about 9.0% to about 10.0%, about 9.0% to about 11.0%,    about 9.0% to about 12.0%, about 9.0% to about 13.0%, about 9.0% to    about 14.0%, about 9.0% to about 15.0%, about 9.0% to about 20.0%,    about 9.0% to about 25.0%, about 9.0% to about 30.0%, about 10.0% to    about 11.0%, about 10.0% to about 12.0%, about 10.0% to about 13.0%,    about 10.0% to about 14.0%, about 10.0% to about 15.0%, about 10.0%    to about 20.0%, about 10.0% to about 25.0%, about 10.0% to about    30.0%, about 15.0% to about 20.0%, about 15.0% to about 25.0%, about    15.0% to about 30.0%, about 20.0% to about 25.0%, about 20.0% to    about 30.0%, or about 20.0% to about 30.0%, by weight of the    composition.-   68. The composition according to any one of embodiments 63-67,    wherein the one or more alcohols are in an amount of about 5%, about    10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about    40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about    70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 95%, about    96%, about 97%, about 98%, or about 99%, by weight of the    composition, or at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least    20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at    least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%,    at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least    90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at    least 99%, by weight of the composition, or at most 5%, at most 10%,    at most 15%, at most 20%, at most 25%, at most 30%, at most 35%, at    most 40%, at most 45%, at most 50%, at most 55%, at most 60%, at    most 65%, at most 70%, at most 75%, at most 80%, at most 85%, at    most 90%, at most 95%, at most 96%, at most 97%, at most 98%, or at    most 99%, by weight of the composition, or about 5% to about 10%,    about 5% to about 20%, about 5% to about 30%, about 5% to about 40%,    about 5% to about 50%, about 5% to about 60%, about 5% to about 70%,    about 5% to about 80%, about 5% to about 90%, about 5% to about 95%,    about 5% to about 97%, about 5% to about 99%, about 10% to about    20%, about 10% to about 30%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to    about 50%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about 70%, about 10%    to about 80%, about 10% to about 90%, about 10% to about 95%, about    10% to about 97%, about 10% to about 99%, about 20% to about 30%,    about 20% to about 40%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about    60%, about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 80%, about 20% to    about 90%, about 20% to about 95%, about 20% to about 97%, about 20%    to about 99%, about 30% to about 40%, about 30% to about 50%, about    30% to about 60%, about 30% to about 70%, about 30% to about 80%,    about 30% to about 90%, about 30% to about 95%, about 30% to about    97%, about 30% to about 99%, about 35% to about 40%, about 35% to    about 50%, about 35% to about 60%, about 35% to about 70%, about 35%    to about 80%, about 35% to about 90%, about 35% to about 95%, about    35% to about 97%, about 35% to about 99%, about 40% to about 50%,    about 40% to about 60%, about 40% to about 70%, about 40% to about    80%, about 40% to about 90%, about 40% to about 95%, about 40% to    about 97%, about 40% to about 99%, about 45% to about 50%, about 45%    to about 60%, about 45% to about 70%, about 45% to about 80%, about    45% to about 90%, about 45% to about 95%, about 45% to about 97%,    about 45% to about 99%, about 50% to about 60%, about 50% to about    70%, about 50% to about 80%, about 50% to about 90%, about 50% to    about 95%, about 50% to about 97%, about 50% to about 99%, about 60%    to about 70%, about 60% to about 80%, about 60% to about 90%, about    60% to about 95%, about 60% to about 97%, about 60% to about 99%,    about 70% to about 80%, about 70% to about 90%, about 70% to about    95%, about 70% to about 97%, about 70% to about 99%, about 80% to    about 90%, about 80% to about 95%, about 80% to about 97%, about 80%    to about 99%, about 90% to about 95%, about 90% to about 97%, about    90% to about 99%, by weight of the composition.-   69. A composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or    consisting of one or more guanide-containing compounds.-   70. The composition according to embodiment 69, wherein the one or    more guanide-containing compounds comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a    biguanide, a biguanide-containing compound, a biguanidine, a    biguanidine-containing compound, a triguanide, a    triguanide-containing compound, or any combination thereof.-   71. The composition according to embodiment 70, wherein the one or    more biguanide-containing compounds include a polyhexamethylene    biguanide (PHMB), a polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB), a    1,1′-(1,6-Hexanediyl)bis{2-[N′-(2-ethylhexyl)carbamimidoyl]guanidine}    (alexidine), a chlorhexidine, a chlorhexidine gluconate, or any    combination thereof.-   72. The composition according to any one of embodiments 69-71,    wherein the one or more alcohols is methanol, ethanol, propanol,    isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, and 1-hexadecanol.-   73. The composition according to any one of embodiments 69-72,    wherein the one or more guanide-containing compounds are in an    amount of about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about    0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%,    about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about    2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 6.5%,    about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about 8.5%, about 9.0%, about    9.5%, about 10.0%. about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, about    15%, about 20%, about 25%, or about 30% by weight of the    composition, or at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at    least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least    1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at    least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least    7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, at least 10.0%, at least 11%, at    least 12%, at least 13%, at least 14%, at least 15%, at least 20%,    at least 25%, or at least 30% by weight of the composition, or at    most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most    0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at    most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%,    at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at most 9.0%, at most    10.0%, at most 11%, at most 12%, at most 13%, at most 14%, at most    15%, at most 20%, at most 25%, or at most 30% by weight of the    composition, or about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%,    about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to    about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 3.0%,    about 0.1% to about 3.5%, about 0.1% to about 4.0%, about 0.1% to    about 4.5%, about 0.1% to about 5.0%, about 0.2% to about 0.5%,    about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%, about 0.2% to    about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to about 2.5%,    about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about 0.2% to about 3.5%, about 0.2% to    about 4.0%, about 0.2% to about 4.5%, about 0.2% to about 5.0%,    about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% to    about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 3.0%,    about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about 0.5% to    about 6.0%, about 0.5% to about 7.0%, about 0.5% to about 8.0%,    about 0.5% to about 9.0%, about 0.5% to about 10.0%, about 1.0% to    about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%,    about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% to    about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%,    about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%, about 1.0% to    about 15.0%, about 1.0% to about 20.0%, about 1.0% to about 25.0%,    about 1.0% to about 30.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to    about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%,    about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to    about 7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%,    about 2.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 15.0%, about 2.0% to    about 20.0%, about 2.0% to about 25.0%, about 2.0% to about 30.0%,    about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%, about 5.0% to    about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to about 9.0%,    about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%, about 5.0% to    about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to about 14.0%,    about 5.0% to about 15.0%, about 5.0% to about 20.0%, about 5.0% to    about 25.0%, about 5.0% to about 30.0%, about 6.0% to about 7.0%,    about 6.0% to about 7.5%, about 6.0% to about 8.0%, about 6.0% to    about 9.0%, about 6.0% to about 10.0%, about 6.0% to about 11.0%,    about 6.0% to about 12.0%, about 6.0% to about 13.0%, about 6.0% to    about 14.0%, about 6.0% to about 15.0%, about 6.0% to about 20.0%,    about 6.0% to about 25.0%, about 6.0% to about 30.0%, about 7.0% to    about 8.0%, about 7.0% to about 9.0%, about 7.0% to about 10.0%,    about 7.0% to about 11.0%, about 7.0% to about 12.0%, about 7.0% to    about 13.0%, about 7.0% to about 14.0%, about 7.0% to about 15.0%,    about 7.0% to about 20.0%, about 7.0% to about 25.0%, about 7.0% to    about 30.0%, about 8.0% to about 9.0%, about 8.0% to about 10.0%,    about 8.0% to about 11.0%, about 8.0% to about 12.0%, about 8.0% to    about 13.0%, about 8.0% to about 14.0%, about 8.0% to about 15.0%,    about 8.0% to about 20.0%, about 8.0% to about 25.0%, about 8.0% to    about 30.0%, about 9.0% to about 10.0%, about 9.0% to about 11.0%,    about 9.0% to about 12.0%, about 9.0% to about 13.0%, about 9.0% to    about 14.0%, about 9.0% to about 15.0%, about 9.0% to about 20.0%,    about 9.0% to about 25.0%, about 9.0% to about 30.0%, about 10.0% to    about 11.0%, about 10.0% to about 12.0%, about 10.0% to about 13.0%,    about 10.0% to about 14.0%, about 10.0% to about 15.0%, about 10.0%    to about 20.0%, about 10.0% to about 25.0%, about 10.0% to about    30.0%, about 15.0% to about 20.0%, about 15.0% to about 25.0%, about    15.0% to about 30.0%, about 20.0% to about 25.0%, about 20.0% to    about 30.0%, or about 20.0% to about 30.0%, by weight of the    composition.-   74. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-73,    further comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of one    or more carriers.-   75. The composition according to embodiment 74, wherein the one or    more carrier includes an aqueous carrier, a semi-solid carrier, a    solid carrier, or any combination thereof.-   76. The composition according to embodiment 74 or 75, wherein the    one or more carriers includes water, a vegetable oil, a mineral oil,    an ester oil, an ether, one or more alcohols, a fatty alcohol, an    isoparaffin, a hydrocarbon oil, a polyol, a wax, or any combination    thereof.-   77. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the ester    oil includes octal palmitate, isopropyl myristate or isopropyl    palmitate.-   78. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the ether    includes dicapryl ether or dimethyl isosorbide.-   79. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the alcohol    includes ethanol or isopropanol.-   80. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the fatty    alcohol includes cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or    behenyl alcohol.-   81. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the    isoparaffin includes isooctane, isododecane (IDD) or isohexadecane.-   82. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the    hydrocarbon oil includes mineral oil, petrolatum, isoeicosane or a    polyolefin.-   83. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the polyol    includes propylene glycol, glycerin, butylene glycol, pentylene    glycol, hexylene glycol, or caprylyl glycol.-   84. The composition according to embodiment 76, wherein the wax    includes beeswax, carnauba, ozokerite, microcrystalline wax,    polyethylene wax, or a botanical wax.-   85. The composition according to any one of embodiments 74-84,    wherein the one or more carriers are in an amount of at least 25%,    at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least    50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at    least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%,    at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% by weight    of the composition or at most 25%, at most 30%, at most 35%, at most    40%, at most 45%, at most 50%, at most 55%, at most 60%, at most    65%, at most 70%, at most 75%, at most 80%, at most 85%, at most    90%, at most 95%, at most 96%, at most 97%, at most 98% or at most    99% by weight of the composition or about 25% to about 50%, about    25% to about 75%, about 25% to about 90%, about 25% to about 95%,    about 25% to about 96%, about 25% to about 97%, about 25% to about    98%, about 25% to about 99%, about 50% to about 75%, about 50% to    about 90%, about 50% to about 95%, about 50% to about 96%, about 50%    to about 97%, about 50% to about 98%, about 50% to about 99%, about    75% to about 80%, about 75% to about 85%, about 75% to about 90%,    about 75% to about 95%, about 75% to about 96%, about 75% to about    97%, about 75% to about 98%, about 75% to about 99%, about 80% to    about 85%, about 80% to about 90%, about 80% to about 95%, about 80%    to about 96%, about 80% to about 97%, about 80% to about 98%, about    80% to about 99%, about 85% to about 90%, about 85% to about 95%,    about 85% to about 96%, about 85% to about 97%, about 85% to about    98%, about 85% to about 99%, about 90% to about 95%, about 90% to    about 96%, about 90% to about 97%, about 90% to about 98%, about 90%    to about 99%, or about 95% to about 99%, by weight of the    composition.-   86. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-85,    further comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of one    or more additional ingredients.-   87. The composition according to embodiment 86, wherein the one or    more additional ingredient includes a preservative, a chelating    agent, or any combination thereof.-   88. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-87, having    a pH of about 2 to about 5, about 2 to about 5.5, about 2 to about    6, about 2 to about 6.5, about 2 to about 7, about 2 to about 7.5,    about 2 to about 8, about 2 to about 8.5, about 2 to about 9, about    2.5 to about 5, about 2.5 to about 5.5, about 2.5 to about 6, about    2.5 to about 6.5, about 2.5 to about 7, about 2.5 to about 7.5,    about 2.5 to about 8, about 2.5 to about 8.5, about 2.5 to about 9,    about 3 to about 5, about 3 to about 5.5, about 3 to about 6, about    3 to about 6.5, about 3 to about 7, about 3 to about 7.5, about 3 to    about 8, about 3 to about 8.5, about 3 to about 9, about 3.5 to    about 5, about 3.5 to about 5.5, about 3.5 to about 6, about 3.5 to    about 6.5, about 3.5 to about 7, about 3.5 to about 7.5, about 3.5    to about 8, about 3.5 to about 8.5, about 3.5 to about 9, about 4 to    about 5, about 4 to about 5.5, about 4 to about 6, about 4 to about    6.5, about 4 to about 7, about 4 to about 7.5, about 4 to about 8,    about 4 to about 8.5, about 4 to about 9, about 4.5 to about 5,    about 4.5 to about 5.5, about 4.5 to about 6, about 4.5 to about    6.5, about 4.5 to about 7, about 4.5 to about 7.5, about 4.5 to    about 8, about 4.5 to about 8.5, about 4.5 to about 9, about 5 to    about 5.5, about 5 to about 6, about 5 to about 6.5, about 5 to    about 7, about 5 to about 7.5, about 5 to about 8, about 5 to about    8.5, about 5 to about 9, about 5.5 to about 6, about 5.5 to about    6.5, about 5.5 to about 7, about 5.5 to about 7.5, about 5.5 to    about 8, about 5.5 to about 8.5, about 5.5 to about 9, about 6 to    about 6.5, about 6 to about 7, about 6 to about 7.5, about 6 to    about 8, about 6 to about 8.5, about 6 to about 9, about 6.5 to    about 7, about 6.5 to about 7.5, about 6.5 to about 8, about 6.5 to    about 8.5, about 6.5 to about 9, about 7 to about 7.5, about 7 to    about 8, about 7 to about 8.5, about 7 to about 9, about 7.5 to    about 8, about 7.5 to about 8.5, about 7.5 to about 9, about 8 to    about 8.5, about 8 to about 9, or about 8.5 to about 9.-   89. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-87, having    a pH of about 6 to about 8, about 6.7 to about 7.7, about 6.8 to    about 7.6, about 6.9 to about 7.5, about 7.0 to about 7.4, about 7.1    to about 7.3, or about 7.2.-   90. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-87, having    a pH of about 5.0 to about 6.5, about 5.2 to about 6.2, about 5.3 to    about 6.1, about 5.4 to about 6.0, about 5.5 to about 5.9, about 5.6    to about 5.8, or about 5.7.-   91. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-87, having    a pH of about 5.3 to about 6.8, about 5.5 to about 6.5, about 5.6 to    about 6.4, about 5.7 to about 6.3, about 5.8 to about 6.2, about 5.9    to about 6.1, or about 6.0.-   92. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-91, having    a stability of about 1 day, about 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6,    days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14    days or 15 days or at least 1 day, at least 2 days, at least 3 days,    at least 4 days, at least 5 days, at least 6, days, at least 7 days,    at least 8 days, at least 9 days, at least 10 days, at least 11    days, at least 12 days, at least 13 days, at least 14 days or at    least 15 days or at most 1 day, at most 2 days, at most 3 days, at    most 4 days, at most 5 days, at most 6, days, at most 7 days, at    most 8 days, at most 9 days, at most 10 days, at most 11 days, at    most 12 days, at most 13 days, at most 14 days or at most 15 days or    about 1 day to about 2 days, about 1 day to about 3 days, about 1    day to about 4 days, about 1 day to about 5 days, about 1 day to    about 6 days, about 1 day to about 7 days, about 1 day to about 8    days, about 1 day to about 9 days, about 1 day to about 10 days,    about 1 day to about 11 days, about 1 day to about 12 days, about 1    day to about 13 days, about 1 day to about 14 days, about 1 day to    about 15 days, about 2 days to about 3 days, about 2 days to about 4    days, about 2 days to about 5 days, about 2 days to about 6 days,    about 2 days to about 7 days, about 2 days to about 8 days, about 2    days to about 9 days, about 2 days to about 10 days, about 2 days to    about 11 days, about 2 days to about 12 days, about 2 days to about    13 days, about 2 days to about 14 days, about 2 days to about 15    days, about 3 days to about 4 days, about 3 days to about 5 days,    about 3 days to about 6 days, about 3 days to about 7 days, about 3    days to about 8 days, about 3 days to about 9 days, about 3 days to    about 10 days, about 3 days to about 11 days, about 3 days to about    12 days, about 3 days to about 13 days, about 3 days to about 14    days, about 3 days to about 15 days, about 4 days to about 5 days,    about 4 days to about 6 days, about 4 days to about 7 days, about 4    days to about 8 days, about 4 days to about 9 days, about 4 days to    about 10 days, about 4 days to about 11 days, about 4 days to about    12 days, about 4 days to about 13 days, about 4 days to about 14    days, about 4 days to about 15 days, about 5 days to about 6 days,    about 5 days to about 7 days, about 5 days to about 8 days, about 5    days to about 9 days, about 5 days to about 10 days, about 5 days to    about 11 days, about 5 days to about 12 days, about 5 days to about    13 days, about 5 days to about 14 days, about 5 days to about 15    days, about 6 days to about 7 days, about 6 days to about 8 days,    about 6 days to about 9 days, about 6 days to about 10 days, about 6    days to about 11 days, about 6 days to about 12 days, about 6 days    to about 13 days, about 6 days to about 14 days, about 6 days to    about 15 days, about 7 days to about 8 days, about 7 days to about 9    days, about 7 days to about 10 days, about 7 days to about 11 days,    about 7 days to about 12 days, about 7 days to about 13 days, about    7 days to about 14 days, about 7 days to about 15 days, about 8 days    to about 9 days, about 8 days to about 10 days, about 8 days to    about 11 days, about 8 days to about 12 days, about 8 days to about    13 days, about 8 days to about 14 days, about 8 days to about 15    days, about 9 days to about 10 days, about 9 days to about 11 days,    about 9 days to about 12 days, about 9 days to about 13 days, about    9 days to about 14 days, about 9 days to about 15 days, about 10    days to about 11 days, about 10 days to about 12 days, about 10 days    to about 13 days, about 10 days to about 14 days, about 10 days to    about 15 days, about 11 days to about 12 days, about 11 days to    about 13 days, about 11 days to about 14 days, about 11 days to    about 15 days, about 12 days to about 13 days, about 12 days to    about 14 days, about 12 days to about 15 days, about 13 days to    about 14 days, about 13 days to about 15 days, or about 14 days to    about 15 days.-   93. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-91, having    a stability of about 1 week, about 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5    weeks, 6, weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12    weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks or 15 weeks or at least 1 week, at least 2    weeks, at least 3 weeks, at least 4 weeks, at least 5 weeks, at    least 6, weeks, at least 7 weeks, at least 8 weeks, at least 9    weeks, at least 10 weeks, at least 11 weeks, at least 12 weeks, at    least 13 weeks, at least 14 weeks or at least 15 weeks or at most 1    week, at most 2 weeks, at most 3 weeks, at most 4 weeks, at most 5    weeks, at most 6, weeks, at most 7 weeks, at most 8 weeks, at most 9    weeks, at most 10 weeks, at most 11 weeks, at most 12 weeks, at most    13 weeks, at most 14 weeks or at most 15 weeks or about 1 week to    about 2 weeks, about 1 week to about 3 weeks, about 1 week to about    4 weeks, about 1 week to about 5 weeks, about 1 week to about 6    weeks, about 1 week to about 7 weeks, about 1 week to about 8 weeks,    about 1 week to about 9 weeks, about 1 week to about 10 weeks, about    1 week to about 11 weeks, about 1 week to about 12 weeks, about 1    week to about 13 weeks, about 1 week to about 14 weeks, about 1 week    to about 15 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 3 weeks, about 2 weeks to    about 4 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 5 weeks, about 2 weeks to    about 6 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 7 weeks, about 2 weeks to    about 8 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 2 weeks to    about 10 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 2 weeks to    about 12 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 2 weeks to    about 14 weeks, about 2 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 3 weeks to    about 4 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 5 weeks, about 3 weeks to    about 6 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 7 weeks, about 3 weeks to    about 8 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 3 weeks to    about 10 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 3 weeks to    about 12 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 3 weeks to    about 14 weeks, about 3 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 4 weeks to    about 5 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 6 weeks, about 4 weeks to    about 7 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 8 weeks, about 4 weeks to    about 9 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 4 weeks to    about 11 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 4 weeks to    about 13 weeks, about 4 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 4 weeks to    about 15 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 6 weeks, about 5 weeks to    about 7 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 8 weeks, about 5 weeks to    about 9 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 5 weeks to    about 11 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 5 weeks to    about 13 weeks, about 5 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 5 weeks to    about 15 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 7 weeks, about 6 weeks to    about 8 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 6 weeks to    about 10 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 6 weeks to    about 12 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 6 weeks to    about 14 weeks, about 6 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 7 weeks to    about 8 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 9 weeks, about 7 weeks to    about 10 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 7 weeks to    about 12 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 7 weeks to    about 14 weeks, about 7 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 8 weeks to    about 9 weeks, about 8 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 8 weeks to    about 11 weeks, about 8 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 8 weeks to    about 13 weeks, about 8 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 8 weeks to    about 15 weeks, about 9 weeks to about 10 weeks, about 9 weeks to    about 11 weeks, about 9 weeks to about 12 weeks, about 9 weeks to    about 13 weeks, about 9 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 9 weeks to    about 15 weeks, about 10 weeks to about 11 weeks, about 10 weeks to    about 12 weeks, about 10 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 10 weeks to    about 14 weeks, about 10 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 11 weeks to    about 12 weeks, about 11 weeks to about 13 weeks, about 11 weeks to    about 14 weeks, about 11 weeks to about 15 weeks, about 12 weeks to    about 13 weeks, about 12 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 12 weeks to    about 15 weeks, about 13 weeks to about 14 weeks, about 13 weeks to    about 15 weeks, or about 14 weeks to about 15 weeks.-   94. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-91, having    a stability of about 1 month, about 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5    months, 6, months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11    months, 12 months, 13 months, 14 months or 15 months or at least 1    month, at least 2 months, at least 3 months, at least 4 months, at    least 5 months, at least 6, months, at least 7 months, at least 8    months, at least 9 months, at least 10 months, at least 11 months,    at least 12 months, at least 13 months, at least 14 months or at    least 15 months or at most 1 month, at most 2 months, at most 3    months, at most 4 months, at most 5 months, at most 6, months, at    most 7 months, at most 8 months, at most 9 months, at most 10    months, at most 11 months, at most 12 months, at most 13 months, at    most 14 months or at most 15 months or about 1 month to about 2    months, about 1 month to about 3 months, about 1 month to about 4    months, about 1 month to about 5 months, about 1 month to about 6    months, about 1 month to about 7 months, about 1 month to about 8    months, about 1 month to about 9 months, about 1 month to about 10    months, about 1 month to about 11 months, about 1 month to about 12    months, about 1 month to about 13 months, about 1 month to about 14    months, about 1 month to about 15 months, about 2 months to about 3    months, about 2 months to about 4 months, about 2 months to about 5    months, about 2 months to about 6 months, about 2 months to about 7    months, about 2 months to about 8 months, about 2 months to about 9    months, about 2 months to about 10 months, about 2 months to about    11 months, about 2 months to about 12 months, about 2 months to    about 13 months, about 2 months to about 14 months, about 2 months    to about 15 months, about 3 months to about 4 months, about 3 months    to about 5 months, about 3 months to about 6 months, about 3 months    to about 7 months, about 3 months to about 8 months, about 3 months    to about 9 months, about 3 months to about 10 months, about 3 months    to about 11 months, about 3 months to about 12 months, about 3    months to about 13 months, about 3 months to about 14 months, about    3 months to about 15 months, about 4 months to about 5 months, about    4 months to about 6 months, about 4 months to about 7 months, about    4 months to about 8 months, about 4 months to about 9 months, about    4 months to about 10 months, about 4 months to about 11 months,    about 4 months to about 12 months, about 4 months to about 13    months, about 4 months to about 14 months, about 4 months to about    15 months, about 5 months to about 6 months, about 5 months to about    7 months, about 5 months to about 8 months, about 5 months to about    9 months, about 5 months to about 10 months, about 5 months to about    11 months, about 5 months to about 12 months, about 5 months to    about 13 months, about 5 months to about 14 months, about 5 months    to about 15 months, about 6 months to about 7 months, about 6 months    to about 8 months, about 6 months to about 9 months, about 6 months    to about 10 months, about 6 months to about 11 months, about 6    months to about 12 months, about 6 months to about 13 months, about    6 months to about 14 months, about 6 months to about 15 months,    about 7 months to about 8 months, about 7 months to about 9 months,    about 7 months to about 10 months, about 7 months to about 11    months, about 7 months to about 12 months, about 7 months to about    13 months, about 7 months to about 14 months, about 7 months to    about 15 months, about 8 months to about 9 months, about 8 months to    about 10 months, about 8 months to about 11 months, about 8 months    to about 12 months, about 8 months to about 13 months, about 8    months to about 14 months, about 8 months to about 15 months, about    9 months to about 10 months, about 9 months to about 11 months,    about 9 months to about 12 months, about 9 months to about 13    months, about 9 months to about 14 months, about 9 months to about    15 months, about 10 months to about 11 months, about 10 months to    about 12 months, about 10 months to about 13 months, about 10 months    to about 14 months, about 10 months to about 15 months, about 11    months to about 12 months, about 11 months to about 13 months, about    11 months to about 14 months, about 11 months to about 15 months,    about 12 months to about 13 months, about 12 months to about 14    months, about 12 months to about 15 months, about 13 months to about    14 months, about 13 months to about 15 months, or about 14 months to    about 15 months.-   95. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-91, having    a stability of about 1 year, about 2 years, about 3 years, about 4    years, or about 5 years or at least 1 year, at least 2 years, at    least 3 years, at least 4 years, or at least 5 years or at most 1    year, at most 2 years, at most 3 years, at most 4 years, or at most    5 years or about 1 year to about 2 years, about 1 year to about 3    years, about 1 year to about 4 years, about 1 year to about 5 years,    about 2 years to about 3 years, about 2 years to about 4 years,    about 2 years to about 5 years, about 3 years to about 4 years,    about 3 years to about 5 years, or about 4 years to about 5 years.-   96. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-95,    wherein the composition does not comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of ozone.-   97. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-96,    wherein the composition does not comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of hydrogen peroxide.-   98. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-97,    wherein the composition does not comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine.-   99. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-98,    wherein the composition does not comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of a surfactant.-   100. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-99,    wherein the composition does not comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of a surfactant.-   101. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-100,    wherein the composition does not comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of a guanide-containing compound.-   102. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-101,    wherein the composition does not comprise, consist essentially of,    or consist of an aldehyde-containing compounds.-   103. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-102,    formulated as a single phase formulation or a biphasic formulation.-   104. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-103,    formulated as a liquid composition, a colloidal composition, a    semi-solid composition, or a solid composition.-   105. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-104,    formulated as a liquid aerosol, a foam, an emulsion, a gel, a sol,    or a solid sol.-   106. The composition according to any one of embodiments 1-105,    formulated as a spray, a liquid aerosol, a wash, a lotion, a cream,    a soap, a dry powder, a vapor or a suspension.-   107. A kit comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a    composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-106.-   108. The kit according to Embodiment 107, further comprising,    consisting essentially of, or consisting of one or more delivery or    application systems, and/or instructions, and/or a container.-   109. A kit comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a    first component including hypochlorous acid or free available    chlorine and a second component including one or more disinfectants.-   110. A kit comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a    first component including one or more alcohols and a second    component including one or more disinfectants.-   111. A kit comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a    first component including isopropyl alcohol and a second component    including polyhexamethylene biguanide.-   112. The kit according to any one of Embodiments 109-111, further    comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a third    component including one or more cationic surfactants, and/or a    fourth component including a rinse solution and/or one or more    delivery or application systems, and/or instructions, and/or a    container.-   113. The kit according to embodiment 109 or 112, wherein the    hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine is in an amount of    about 0.00005%, about 0.00006%, about 0.00007%, about 0.000075%,    about 0.00008%, about 0.00009%, about 0.0001%, about 0.0005%, about    0.001%, about 0.0015%, about 0.002%, about 0.0025%, about 0.003%,    about 0.0035%, about 0.004%, about 0.0045%, about 0.005%, about    0.0055%, about 0.006%, about 0.007%, about 0.0075%, about 0.008%,    about 0.009%, about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%,    about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.075%, about 0.08%,    about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%,    about 0.14%, or about 0.15% by weight of the composition or at least    0.00005%, at least 0.00006%, at least 0.00007%, at least 0.000075%,    at least 0.00008%, at least 0.00009%, at least 0.0001%, at least    0.0005%, at least 0.001%, at least 0.0015%, at least 0.002%, at    least 0.0025%, at least 0.003%, at least 0.0035%, at least 0.004%,    at least 0.0045%, at least 0.005%, at least 0.0055%, at least    0.006%, at least 0.007%, at least 0.0075%, at least 0.008%, at least    0.009%, at least 0.01%, at least 0.02%, at least 0.03%, at least    0.04%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.06%, at least 0.07%, at least    0.075%, at least 0.08%, at least 0.09%, at least 0.10%, at least    0.11%, at least 0.12%, at least 0.13%, at least 0.14%, or at least    0.15% by weight of the composition or at most 0.00005%, at most    0.00006%, at most 0.00007%, at most 0.000075%, at most 0.00008%, at    most 0.00009%, at most 0.0001%, at most 0.0005%, at most 0.001%, at    most 0.0015%, at most 0.002%, at most 0.0025%, at most 0.003%, at    most 0.0035%, at most 0.004%, at most 0.0045%, at most 0.005%, at    most 0.0055%, at most 0.006%, at most 0.007%, at most 0.0075%, at    most 0.008%, at most 0.009%, at most 0.01%, at most 0.02%, at most    0.03%, at most 0.04%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.06%, at most 0.07%,    at most 0.075%, at most 0.08%, at most 0.09%, at most 0.10%, at most    0.11%, at most 0.12%, at most 0.13%, at most 0.14%, or at most 0.15%    by weight of the composition or about 0.00075% to about 0.002%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.003%, about 0.00075% to about 0.004%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.005%, about 0.00075% to about 0.006%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.007%, about 0.00075% to about 0.008%,    about 0.00075% to about 0.009%, about 0.00075% to about 0.01%, about    0.001% to about 0.002%, about 0.001% to about 0.003%, about 0.001%    to about 0.004%, about 0.001% to about 0.005%, about 0.001% to about    0.006%, about 0.001% to about 0.007%, about 0.001% to about 0.008%,    about 0.001% to about 0.009%, about 0.001% to about 0.01%, about    0.002% to about 0.003%, about 0.002% to about 0.004%, about 0.002%    to about 0.005%, about 0.002% to about 0.006%, about 0.002% to about    0.007%, about 0.002% to about 0.008%, about 0.002% to about 0.009%,    about 0.002% to about 0.01% by weight of the composition-   114. The kit according to embodiment 109 or 112, wherein the    hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine is in an amount of 0.05    ppm, 0.10 ppm, 0.15 ppm, 0.20 ppm, 0.25 ppm, 0.30 ppm, 0.35 ppm,    0.40 ppm, 0.45 ppm, 0.50 ppm, 0.55 ppm, 0.60 ppm, 0.65 ppm, 0.70    ppm, 0.75 ppm, 0.80 ppm, 0.85 ppm, 0.90 ppm, 0.95 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm,    10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm, 30 ppm, 35 ppm, 40 ppm, 45 ppm, 50    ppm, 55 ppm, 60 ppm, 65 ppm, 70 ppm, 75 ppm, 80 ppm, 85 ppm, 90 ppm,    95 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250    ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm,    450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm, 600 ppm, 625    ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm, 800 ppm,    825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm, 1,000    ppm, 1,025 ppm, 1,050 ppm, 1075 ppm, 1,100 ppm, 1,125 ppm, 1,150    ppm, 1,175 ppm, 1,200 ppm, 1,225 ppm, 1,250 ppm, 1,275 ppm, 1,300    ppm, 1,325 ppm, 1,350 ppm, 1,375 ppm, 1,400 ppm, 1,425 ppm, 1,450    ppm, 1,475 ppm, or 1,500 ppm or at least 0.05 ppm, at least 0.10    ppm, at least 0.20 ppm, at least 0.30 ppm, at least 0.40 ppm, at    least 0.50 ppm, at least 0.60 ppm, at least 0.70 ppm, at least 0.80    ppm, at least 0.90 ppm, at least 1 ppm, at least 10 ppm, at least 20    ppm, at least 30 ppm, at least 40 ppm, at least 50 ppm, at least 60    ppm, at least 70 ppm, at least 80 ppm, at least 90 ppm, at least 100    ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least    200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, at    least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm,    at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475    ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least    575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at    least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm,    at least 775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850    ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least    950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, at least 1,000 ppm, at least 1,025 ppm,    at least 1,050 ppm, at least 1075 ppm, at least 1,100 ppm, at least    1,125 ppm, at least 1,150 ppm, at least 1,175 ppm, at least 1,200    ppm, at least 1,225 ppm, at least 1,250 ppm, at least 1,275 ppm, at    least 1,300 ppm, at least 1,325 ppm, at least 1,350 ppm, at least    1,375 ppm, at least 1,400 ppm, at least 1,425 ppm, at least 1,450    ppm, at least 1,475 ppm, or at least 1,500 ppm or at most 0.05 ppm,    at most 0.10 ppm, at most 0.20 ppm, at most 0.30 ppm, at most 0.40    ppm, at most 0.50 ppm, at most 0.60 ppm, at most 0.70 ppm, at most    0.80 ppm, at most 0.90 ppm, at most 1 ppm, at most 10 ppm, at most    20 ppm, at most 30 ppm, at most 40 ppm, at most 50 ppm, at most 60    ppm, at most 70 ppm, at most 80 ppm, at most 90 ppm, at most 100    ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200    ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300    ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400    ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500    ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600    ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700    ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750 ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800    ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900    ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, at most 975 ppm, at most    1,000 ppm, at most 1,025 ppm, at most 1,050 ppm, at most 1075 ppm,    at most 1,100 ppm, at most 1,125 ppm, at most 1,150 ppm, at most    1,175 ppm, at most 1,200 ppm, at most 1,225 ppm, at most 1,250 ppm,    at most 1,275 ppm, at most 1,300 ppm, at most 1,325 ppm, at most    1,350 ppm, at most 1,375 ppm, at most 1,400 ppm, at most 1,425 ppm,    at most 1,450 ppm, at most 1,475 ppm, or at most 1,500 ppm or about    0.5 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.5    ppm to about 30 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about    50 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 60    ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 70 ppm,    about 0.5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 80 ppm, about    0.5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 0.5    ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.5 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 0.75 ppm    to about 20 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 30 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 50 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 60 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 70 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 80 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 90 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 0.75 ppm to    about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 25    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 35 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 60    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 70 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 85 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 95    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 20 ppm,    about 5 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 30 ppm, about 5    ppm to about 35 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 40 ppm, about 5 ppm to    about 45 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 55    ppm, about 5 ppm to about 60 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 65 ppm, about    5 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 5 ppm to    about 80 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 85 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 90    ppm, about 5 ppm to about 95 ppm, about 5 ppm to about 100 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 20 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 10    ppm to about 30 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 35 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 40 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 45 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50    ppm, about 10 ppm to about 55 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 60 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 65 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 70 ppm, about 10    ppm to about 75 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 80 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 85 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 90 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 95    ppm, or about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm or about 1 ppm to about 25    ppm, about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 75 ppm, about    1 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 1 ppm to about    200 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 250 ppm,    about 1 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 1    ppm to about 325 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 1 ppm to    about 375 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 10 ppm to about    25 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 75 ppm,    about 10 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 125 ppm, about    10 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 10 ppm    to about 200 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 10 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 10 ppm to about    300 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 350    ppm, about 10 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 10 ppm to about 400 ppm,    about 25 ppm to about 50 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 75 ppm, about 25    ppm to about 100 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 25 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 25 ppm to about    200 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 250    ppm, about 25 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 300 ppm,    about 25 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 350 ppm, about    25 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 25 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 50 ppm    to about 75 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 50 ppm to    about 125 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 50 ppm to about    175 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 225    ppm, about 50 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 275 ppm,    about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 325 ppm, about    50 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 50 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 50 ppm    to about 400 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 100 ppm, about 75 ppm to    about 125 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 150 ppm, about 75 ppm to about    175 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 225    ppm, about 75 ppm to about 250 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 275 ppm,    about 75 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 325 ppm, about    75 ppm to about 350 ppm, about 75 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 75 ppm    to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 125 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 150 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 100 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 175 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 200 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 150 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 150 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 225 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 250 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 200 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 275 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 300 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 250 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 250 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 325 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 350 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 300 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 350 ppm to about 375 ppm, about 350 ppm to    about 400 ppm, about 375 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 400 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 500 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,200 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 600 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,200 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 700 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 800 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,100 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,300 ppm, about 900 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 900 ppm to    about 1,500 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,100 ppm, about 1,000 ppm    to about 1,200 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,000    ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,000 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about    1,100 ppm to about 1,200 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,300 ppm,    about 1,100 ppm to about 1,400 ppm, about 1,100 ppm to about 1,500    ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,300 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about    1,400 ppm, about 1,200 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to    about 1,400 ppm, about 1,300 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, or about 1,400    ppm to about 1,500 ppm.-   115. The kit according to any one of embodiments 109, 110 or    112-114, wherein the one or more disinfectants are in an amount of    about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%,    about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about    0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%,    about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about    7.5%, about 8.0%, about 9.0% or about 10.0% by weight of the    composition, or at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.075%, at    least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least    1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at    least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least    7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, or at least 10.0% by weight of    the composition, or at most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at    most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%,    at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most    4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at    most 9.0% or at most 10.0% by weight of the composition, or about    0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about    1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1%    to about 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%,    about 0.2% to about 1.0%, about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to    about 2.0%, about 0.2% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%,    about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to    about 2.5%, about 0.5% to about 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%,    about 0.5% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to    about 3.0%, about 1.0% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%,    about 1.0% to about 6.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% to    about 7.5%, about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%,    about 1.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to    about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%,    about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to    about 7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%,    about 2.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to    about 7.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%,    about 5.0% to about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to    about 11.0%, about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%,    about 5.0% to about 14.0% or about 5.0% to about 15.0% by weight of    the composition.-   116. The kit according to any one of embodiments 109, 110 or    112-114, wherein the one or more disinfectants are in an amount of    about 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm,    275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400 ppm, 425 ppm, 450    ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm, 600 ppm, 625 ppm,    650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm, 800 ppm, 825    ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975 ppm, or 1,000    ppm, or at least 100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least 150 ppm, at    least 175 ppm, at least 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at least 250 ppm,    at least 275 ppm, at least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm, at least 350    ppm, at least 375 ppm, at least 400 ppm, at least 425 ppm, at least    450 ppm, at least 475 ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least 525 ppm, at    least 550 ppm, at least 575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at least 625 ppm,    at least 650 ppm, at least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm, at least 725    ppm, at least 750 ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least 800 ppm, at least    825 ppm, at least 850 ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least 900 ppm, at    least 925 ppm, at least 950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, or at least 1,000    ppm, or at most 100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150 ppm, at most    175 ppm, at most 200 ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250 ppm, at most    275 ppm, at most 300 ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350 ppm, at most    375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450 ppm, at most    475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550 ppm, at most    575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650 ppm, at most    675 ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750 ppm, at most    775 ppm, at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850 ppm, at most    875 ppm, at most 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950 ppm, at most    975 ppm, or at most 1,000 ppm, or about 100 ppm to about 200 ppm,    about 100 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 400 ppm,    about 100 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 600 ppm,    about 100 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 800 ppm,    about 100 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 300 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm,    about 300 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 500 ppm,    about 300 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 700 ppm,    about 300 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 300 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 500 ppm,    about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 700 ppm,    about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm,    about 500 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm,    about 500 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm,    about 600 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm,    about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm,    about 700 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 700 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, or about 900 ppm to about 1,000    ppm.-   117. The kit according to any one of embodiments 109, 110 or    112-116, wherein the one or more disinfectants include one or more    compounds containing a guanide moiety or functional group, one or    more aldehyde-containing compounds, one or more organic peroxides,    or any combination thereof.-   118. The kit according to embodiment 117, wherein the one or more    guanide-containing compounds comprise, consist essentially of, or    consist of comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a    biguanide, a biguanide-containing compound, a biguanidine, a    biguanidine-containing compound, a triguanide, a    triguanide-containing compound, or any combination thereof.-   119. The kit according to embodiment 118, wherein the one or more    biguanide-containing compounds include a polyhexamethylene biguanide    (PHMB), a polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB), a    1,1′-(1,6-Hexanediyl)bis{2-[N′-(2-ethylhexyl)carbamimidoyl]guanidine}    (alexidine), a chlorhexidine, a chlorhexidine gluconate, or any    combination thereof.-   120. The kit according to embodiment 117, wherein the one or more    aldehyde-containing compounds include one or more aldehydes, one or    more dialdehydes, or any combination thereof.-   121. The kit according to embodiment 120, wherein the one or more    aldehydes includes one or more linear aldehydes, one or more    branched aldehydes, one or more cyclic aldehydes, one or more    aromatic aldehydes, or any combination thereof.-   122. The kit according to embodiment 120 or 121, wherein the one or    more aldehydes includes formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde,    butyraldehyde, or any combination thereof.-   123. The kit according to embodiment 120, wherein the one or more    dialdehydes includes one or more linear dialdehydes, one or more    branched dialdehydes, one or more cyclic dialdehydes, one or more    aromatic dialdehydes, or any combination thereof.-   124. The kit according to embodiment 120 or 121, wherein the one or    more dialdehydes includes oxaldehyde, malondialdehyde,    glutaraldehyde, succinicdialdehyde, phthalaldehyde    (ortho-phthalaldehyde), isophthalaldehyde (meta-phthalaldehyde),    terephthalaldehyde (para-phthalaldehyde), or any combination    thereof.-   125. The kit according to embodiment 117, wherein the one or more    organic peroxides include benzoyl peroxide, ethaneperoxoic acid    (peracetic acid), or any combination thereof.-   126. The kit according to any one of embodiments 117-125, wherein    the one or more guanide-containing compounds, one or more    aldehyde-containing compounds, and/or one or more organic peroxides    are in an amount of about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.075%, about    0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%,    about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about    2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%, about 5.0%, about 6.0%,    about 6.5%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about 8.5%, about    9.0%, about 9.5%, about 10.0%. about 11%, about 12%, about 13%,    about 14%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, or about 30% by weight    of the composition, or at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least    0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least    0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%, at least 2.5%,    at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least 6.0%, at least    7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, at least 10.0%,    at least 11%, at least 12%, at least 13%, at least 14%, at least    15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, or at least 30% by weight of the    composition, or at most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most 0.075%, at    most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at most 1.0%,    at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%, at most    4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most 8.0%, at    most 9.0%, at most 10.0%, at most 11%, at most 12%, at most 13%, at    most 14%, at most 15%, at most 20%, at most 25%, or at most 30% by    weight of the composition, or about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1%    to about 0.75%, about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%,    about 0.1% to about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.1% to    about 3.0%, about 0.1% to about 3.5%, about 0.1% to about 4.0%,    about 0.1% to about 4.5%, about 0.1% to about 5.0%, about 0.2% to    about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%,    about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to    about 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about 0.2% to about 3.5%,    about 0.2% to about 4.0%, about 0.2% to about 4.5%, about 0.2% to    about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%,    about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%, about 0.5% to    about 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to about 5.0%,    about 0.5% to about 6.0%, about 0.5% to about 7.0%, about 0.5% to    about 8.0%, about 0.5% to about 9.0%, about 0.5% to about 10.0%,    about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, about 1.0% to    about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to about 6.0%,    about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%, about 1.0% to    about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to about 10.0%,    about 1.0% to about 15.0%, about 1.0% to about 20.0%, about 1.0% to    about 25.0%, about 1.0% to about 30.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%,    about 2.0% to about 3.0%, about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to    about 5.0%, about 2.0% to about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%,    about 2.0% to about 7.5%, about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to    about 9.0%, about 2.0% to about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 15.0%,    about 2.0% to about 20.0%, about 2.0% to about 25.0%, about 2.0% to    about 30.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%,    about 5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to    about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%,    about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to    about 14.0%, about 5.0% to about 15.0%, about 5.0% to about 20.0%,    about 5.0% to about 25.0%, about 5.0% to about 30.0%, about 6.0% to    about 7.0%, about 6.0% to about 7.5%, about 6.0% to about 8.0%,    about 6.0% to about 9.0%, about 6.0% to about 10.0%, about 6.0% to    about 11.0%, about 6.0% to about 12.0%, about 6.0% to about 13.0%,    about 6.0% to about 14.0%, about 6.0% to about 15.0%, about 6.0% to    about 20.0%, about 6.0% to about 25.0%, about 6.0% to about 30.0%,    about 7.0% to about 8.0%, about 7.0% to about 9.0%, about 7.0% to    about 10.0%, about 7.0% to about 11.0%, about 7.0% to about 12.0%,    about 7.0% to about 13.0%, about 7.0% to about 14.0%, about 7.0% to    about 15.0%, about 7.0% to about 20.0%, about 7.0% to about 25.0%,    about 7.0% to about 30.0%, about 8.0% to about 9.0%, about 8.0% to    about 10.0%, about 8.0% to about 11.0%, about 8.0% to about 12.0%,    about 8.0% to about 13.0%, about 8.0% to about 14.0%, about 8.0% to    about 15.0%, about 8.0% to about 20.0%, about 8.0% to about 25.0%,    about 8.0% to about 30.0%, about 9.0% to about 10.0%, about 9.0% to    about 11.0%, about 9.0% to about 12.0%, about 9.0% to about 13.0%,    about 9.0% to about 14.0%, about 9.0% to about 15.0%, about 9.0% to    about 20.0%, about 9.0% to about 25.0%, about 9.0% to about 30.0%,    about 10.0% to about 11.0%, about 10.0% to about 12.0%, about 10.0%    to about 13.0%, about 10.0% to about 14.0%, about 10.0% to about    15.0%, about 10.0% to about 20.0%, about 10.0% to about 25.0%, about    10.0% to about 30.0%, about 15.0% to about 20.0%, about 15.0% to    about 25.0%, about 15.0% to about 30.0%, about 20.0% to about 25.0%,    about 20.0% to about 30.0%, or about 20.0% to about 30.0%, by weight    of the composition.-   127. The kit according to any one of embodiments 117-125, wherein    the one or more aldehydes and/or one or more dialdehydes are in an    amount of about 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm, 175 ppm, 200 ppm, 225    ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm, 325 ppm, 350 ppm, 375 ppm, 400 ppm,    425 ppm, 450 ppm, 475 ppm, 500 ppm, 525 ppm, 550 ppm, 575 ppm, 600    ppm, 625 ppm, 650 ppm, 675 ppm, 700 ppm, 725 ppm, 750 ppm, 775 ppm,    800 ppm, 825 ppm, 850 ppm, 875 ppm, 900 ppm, 925 ppm, 950 ppm, 975    ppm, or 1,000 ppm, or at least 100 ppm, at least 125 ppm, at least    150 ppm, at least 175 ppm, at least 200 ppm, at least 225 ppm, at    least 250 ppm, at least 275 ppm, at least 300 ppm, at least 325 ppm,    at least 350 ppm, at least 375 ppm, at least 400 ppm, at least 425    ppm, at least 450 ppm, at least 475 ppm, at least 500 ppm, at least    525 ppm, at least 550 ppm, at least 575 ppm, at least 600 ppm, at    least 625 ppm, at least 650 ppm, at least 675 ppm, at least 700 ppm,    at least 725 ppm, at least 750 ppm, at least 775 ppm, at least 800    ppm, at least 825 ppm, at least 850 ppm, at least 875 ppm, at least    900 ppm, at least 925 ppm, at least 950 ppm, at least 975 ppm, or at    least 1,000 ppm, or at most 100 ppm, at most 125 ppm, at most 150    ppm, at most 175 ppm, at most 200 ppm, at most 225 ppm, at most 250    ppm, at most 275 ppm, at most 300 ppm, at most 325 ppm, at most 350    ppm, at most 375 ppm, at most 400 ppm, at most 425 ppm, at most 450    ppm, at most 475 ppm, at most 500 ppm, at most 525 ppm, at most 550    ppm, at most 575 ppm, at most 600 ppm, at most 625 ppm, at most 650    ppm, at most 675 ppm, at most 700 ppm, at most 725 ppm, at most 750    ppm, at most 775 ppm, at most 800 ppm, at most 825 ppm, at most 850    ppm, at most 875 ppm, at most 900 ppm, at most 925 ppm, at most 950    ppm, at most 975 ppm, or at most 1,000 ppm.-   128. The kit according to any one of embodiments 117-125, wherein    the one or more aldehydes and/or one or more dialdehydes are in an    amount of about 100 ppm to about 200 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 300    ppm, about 100 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 500 ppm,    about 100 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 700 ppm,    about 100 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 100 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 300 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 400 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 700 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 200 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 200 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 400 ppm,    about 300 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 600 ppm,    about 300 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 800 ppm,    about 300 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 300 ppm to about 1,000 ppm,    about 400 ppm to about 500 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 600 ppm,    about 400 ppm to about 700 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 800 ppm,    about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 400 ppm to about 1,000 ppm,    about 500 ppm to about 600 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 700 ppm,    about 500 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 500 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 500 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 700 ppm,    about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm, about 600 ppm to about 900 ppm,    about 600 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 800 ppm,    about 700 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 700 ppm to about 1,000 ppm,    about 800 ppm to about 900 ppm, about 800 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, or    about 900 ppm to about 1,000 ppm.-   129. The kit according to any one of embodiments 109, 110 or    112-128, wherein the one or more alcohols is methanol, ethanol,    propanol, isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, and 1-hexadecanol.-   130. The kit according to any one of embodiments 109, 110 or    112-129, wherein the one or more alcohols are in an amount of about    40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about    70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 95%, about    96%, about 97%, about 98%, or about 99%, by weight of the    composition, or at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least    55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at    least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%,    at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%, by weight of the    composition, or at most 40%, at most 45%, at most 50%, at most 55%,    at most 60%, at most 65%, at most 70%, at most 75%, at most 80%, at    most 85%, at most 90%, at most 95%, at most 96%, at most 97%, at    most 98%, or at most 99%, by weight of the composition, about 40% to    about 50%, about 40% to about 60%, about 40% to about 70%, about 40%    to about 80%, about 40% to about 90%, about 40% to about 95%, about    40% to about 97%, about 40% to about 99%, about 50% to about 60%,    about 50% to about 70%, about 50% to about 80%, about 50% to about    90%, about 50% to about 95%, about 50% to about 97%, about 50% to    about 99%, about 60% to about 70%, about 60% to about 80%, about 60%    to about 90%, about 60% to about 95%, about 60% to about 97%, about    60% to about 99%, about 70% to about 80%, about 70% to about 90%,    about 70% to about 95%, about 70% to about 97%, about 70% to about    99%, about 80% to about 90%, about 80% to about 95%, about 80% to    about 97%, about 80% to about 99%, about 90% to about 95%, about 90%    to about 97%, about 90% to about 99%, by weight of the composition.-   131. The kit according to any one of embodiments 112-130, wherein    the one or more cationic surfactants include one or more quaternary    ammonium surfactants, pH-dependent primary amine surfactant,    pH-dependent secondary amine surfactant, pH-dependent tertiary amine    surfactant, or any combination thereof.-   132. The kit according to embodiment 131, wherein the one or more    quaternary ammonium surfactants include benzalkonium chloride (BAC),    benzethonium chloride (BZT), benzododecinium bromide (or    dimethyldodecylbenzylammonium bromide), bronidox, (or    5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane), carbethopendecinium bromide,    cetalkonium chloride (CKC), cetrimonium, cetrimide, cetylpyridinium    chloride (CPC), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB or cetrimonium    bromide) and cetyl trimethylammonium chloride (CTAC or cetrimonium    chloride), didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC),    dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB or    dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide), dioctadecyldimethylammonium    chloride (DODAC or dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride),    docosyltrimethylammonium chloride (DCTAC or behentrimonium    chloride), dofanium chloride, domiphen bromide, methylbenzethonium    chloride, octenidine dihydrochloride, polidronium chloride,    stearalkonium chloride (or dimethylbenzyloctadecylammonium),    tetraethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and    thonzonium bromide, or any combination thereof.-   133. The kit according to any one of embodiments 112-132, wherein    the one or more cationic surfactants are in an amount of aspects of,    e.g., about 0.001%, about 0.005%, about 0.0075%, about 0.01%, about    0.05%, about 0.075%, about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%,    about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about    1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 4.0%,    about 5.0%, about 6.0%, about 7.0%, about 7.5%, about 8.0%, about    9.0% or about 10.0% by weight of the composition, or at least    0.001%, at least 0.005%, at least 0.0075%, at least 0.01%, at least    0.05%, at least 0.075%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least    0.5%, at least 0.75%, at least 1.0%, at least 1.5%, at least 2.0%,    at least 2.5%, at least 3.0%, at least 4.0%, at least 5.0%, at least    6.0%, at least 7.0%, at least 7.5%, at least 8.0%, at least 9.0%, or    at least 10.0% by weight of the composition, or at most 0.001%, at    most 0.005%, at most 0.0075%, at most 0.01%, at most 0.05%, at most    0.075%, at most 0.1%, at most 0.25%, at most 0.5%, at most 0.75%, at    most 1.0%, at most 1.5%, at most 2.0%, at most 2.5%, at most 3.0%,    at most 4.0%, at most 5.0%, at most 6.0%, at most 7.5%, at most    8.0%, at most 9.0% or at most 10.0% by weight of the composition, or    about 0.001% to about 0.005%, about 0.001% to about 0.0075%, about    0.001% to about 0.01%, about 0.001% to about 0.025%, about 0.001% to    about 0.05%, about 0.001% to about 0.075%, about 0.001% to about    0.1%, about 0.001% to about 0.25%, about 0.001% to about 0.75%,    about 0.001% to about 1.0%, about 0.005% to about 0.0075%, about    0.005% to about 0.01%, about 0.005% to about 0.025%, about 0.005% to    about 0.05%, about 0.005% to about 0.075%, about 0.005% to about    0.1%, about 0.005% to about 0.25%, about 0.005% to about 0.75%,    about 0.005% to about 1.0%, about 0.01% to about 0.05%, about 0.01%    to about 0.075%, about 0.01% to about 0.1%, about 0.01% to about    0.25%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.01% to about 0.75%, about    0.01% to about 1.0%, about 0.01% to about 1.5%, about 0.01% to about    2.0%, about 0.01% to about 2.5%, about 0.05% to about 0.075%, about    0.05% to about 0.1%, about 0.05% to about 0.25%, about 0.05% to    about 0.5%, about 0.05% to about 0.75%, about 0.05% to about 1.0%,    about 0.05% to about 1.5%, about 0.05% to about 2.0%, about 0.05% to    about 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.75%,    about 0.1% to about 1.0%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to    about 2.0%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 0.1% to about 3.0%,    about 0.1% to about 4.0%, about 0.1% to about 5.0%, about 0.2% to    about 0.5%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 1.0%,    about 0.2% to about 1.5%, about 0.2% to about 2.0%, about 0.2% to    about 2.5%, about 0.2% to about 3.0%, about 0.2% to about 4.0%,    about 0.2% to about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 1.0%, about 0.5% to    about 1.5%, about 0.5% to about 2.0%, about 0.5% to about 2.5%,    about 0.5% to about 3.0%, about 0.5% to about 4.0%, about 0.5% to    about 5.0%, about 0.5% to about 6.0%, about 0.5% to about 7.0%,    about 0.5% to about 8.0%, about 0.5% to about 9.0%, about 0.5% to    about 10.0%, about 1.0% to about 2.5%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%,    about 1.0% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 5.0%, about 1.0% to    about 6.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.0%, about 1.0% to about 7.5%,    about 1.0% to about 8.0%, about 1.0% to about 9.0%, about 1.0% to    about 10.0%, about 2.0% to about 2.5%, about 2.0% to about 3.0%,    about 2.0% to about 4.0%, about 2.0% to about 5.0%, about 2.0% to    about 6.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.0%, about 2.0% to about 7.5%,    about 2.0% to about 8.0%, about 2.0% to about 9.0%, about 2.0% to    about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 6.0%, about 5.0% to about 7.0%,    about 5.0% to about 7.5%, about 5.0% to about 8.0%, about 5.0% to    about 9.0%, about 5.0% to about 10.0%, about 5.0% to about 11.0%,    about 5.0% to about 12.0%, about 5.0% to about 13.0%, about 5.0% to    about 14.0% or about 5.0% to about 15.0% by weight of the    composition.-   134. A method to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device, the    method comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of    applying a composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108 or    applying the components as defined in any one of embodiments    109-133, to a device, wherein application of the composition cleans,    disinfects and/or sterilizes the device.-   135. A composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108 or the    components as defined in any one of embodiments 109-133 for use in    cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizing a device.-   136. Use of a composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108    or use of the components as defined in any one of embodiments    109-133 to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a device.-   137. A method to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a surface area,    the method comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of    applying a composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108 or    applying the components as defined in any one of embodiments    109-133, to a device, wherein application of the composition cleans,    disinfects and/or sterilizes the device.-   138. A composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108 or the    components as defined in any one of embodiments 109-133 for use in    cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizing a surface area.-   139. Use of a composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108    or use of the components as defined in any one of embodiments    109-133 to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a surface area.-   140. The method of embodiment 137, or the use of embodiment 138 or    139, wherein the surface area is a porous surface area or a    non-porous surface area.-   141. The method of embodiment 137 or 140, or the use of any one of    embodiments 138-140, wherein the surface area comprises a table top,    countertop, floor, wall, ceiling, window, door, door handle, shower,    bath, sink, faucet, toilet, toilet seat, drain, equipment,    machinery, personal protective gear, personal biohazard gear, a    medical device, dental device, pharmaceutical device, veterinary    device, mortuary device or human skin.-   142. The method of embodiment 141, or the use of embodiment 141,    wherein the medical device is a surgical instrument, a respiratory    therapy instrument, an anesthesia instrument, a catheter, an    implant, a probe, an endoscope, an arthroscope, a laparoscope, a    blade, a cystoscope, a spirometer, a CPAP mask and tubing, dialysis    instrument and accessories, a heart-lung machine and accessories, a    heart-lung bypass machine and accessories, and a diaphragm fitting    ring.-   143. A method to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a microbial    infection in an individual, the method comprising, consisting    essentially of, or consisting of applying a composition as defined    in any one of embodiments 1-108 or applying the components as    defined in any one of embodiments 109-133 to the individual, wherein    application of the composition cleans, disinfects and/or sterilizes    the device.-   144. A composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108 or the    components as defined in any one of embodiments 109-133 for use in    cleaning, disinfecting and/or sterilizing a microbial infection in    an individual.-   145. Use of a composition as defined in any one of embodiments 1-108    or use of the components as defined in any one of embodiments    109-133 to clean, disinfect and/or sterilize a microbial infection    in an individual.-   146. The method of embodiment 143, or the use of embodiment 144 or    145, wherein application of the composition is applied topically or    administered enterally or parenterally.-   147. The method of any one of embodiments 137, 140, 141, 143 or 146,    or the use of any one of embodiments 138-141 or 144-146, wherein the    composition is applied daily, every other day, every third of day,    once a week, multiple times per week, once a month, multiple times    per month, once a year or multiple times per year, as desired.-   148. The method of any one of embodiments 137, 140, 141, 143, 146 or    147, or the use of any one of embodiments 138-141 or 144-147,    wherein the composition is applied multiple times per day.-   149. The method of any one of embodiments 134, 137, or 143, or the    use of any one of embodiments 135, 136, 138, 139, 144 or 145,    wherein the composition is applied to a device, like a medical    device, a surface, or an individual for, e.g., about 1 minute, about    5 minutes, about 10 minutes, about 15 minutes, about 20 minutes,    about 25 minutes, about 30 minutes, about 35 minutes, about 40    minutes, about 45 minutes, about 50 minutes, about 55 minutes, about    60 minutes, about 70 minutes, about 80 minutes, about 90 minutes,    about 100 minutes, about 110 minutes, or about 120 minutes; or is    applied to a device, like a medical device, a surface, or an    individual for, e.g., at least 1 minute, at least 5 minutes, at    least 10 minutes, at least 15 minutes, at least 20 minutes, at least    25 minutes, at least 30 minutes, at least 35 minutes, at least 40    minutes, at least 45 minutes, at least 50 minutes, at least 55    minutes, at least 60 minutes, at least 70 minutes, at least 80    minutes, at least 90 minutes, at least 100 minutes, at least 110    minutes, or at least 120 minutes. In yet other aspects of this    embodiment, a composition disclosed herein is applied to device,    like a medical device, a surface, or an individual for, e.g., at    most 1 minute, at most 5 minutes, at most 10 minutes, at most 15    minutes, at most 20 minutes, at most 25 minutes, at most 30 minutes,    at most 35 minutes, at most 40 minutes, at most 45 minutes, at most    50 minutes, at most 55 minutes, at most 60 minutes, at most 70    minutes, at most 80 minutes, at most 90 minutes, at most 100    minutes, at most 110 minutes, or at most 120 minutes; or is applied    to a device, like a medical device, a surface, or an individual for,    e.g., about 1 minute to about 5 minutes, about 1 minute to about 10    minutes, about 1 minute to about 15 minutes, about 1 minute to about    20 minutes, about 1 minute to about 25 minutes, about 1 minute to    about 30 minutes, about 1 minute to about 35 minutes, about 1 minute    to about 40 minutes, about 1 minute to about 45 minutes, about 1    minute to about 50 minutes, about 1 minute to about 55 minutes,    about 1 minute to about 60 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 10    minutes, about 5 minutes to about 15 minutes, about 5 minutes to    about 20 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 25 minutes, about 5    minutes to about 30 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 35 minutes,    about 5 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 45    minutes, about 5 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 5 minutes to    about 55 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 5    minutes to about 70 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 80 minutes,    about 5 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 100    minutes, about 5 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 5 minutes to    about 120 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 15 minutes, about 10    minutes to about 20 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 25 minutes,    about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 35    minutes, about 10 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 10 minutes to    about 45 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 10    minutes to about 55 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 60 minutes,    about 10 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 80    minutes, about 10 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 10 minutes to    about 100 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 10    minutes to about 120 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 20 minutes,    about 15 minutes to about 25 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 30    minutes, about 15 minutes to about 35 minutes, about 15 minutes to    about 40 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 45 minutes, about 15    minutes to about 50 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 55 minutes,    about 15 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 70    minutes, about 15 minutes to about 80 minutes, about 15 minutes to    about 90 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 15    minutes to about 110 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 120 minutes,    about 20 minutes to about 25 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 30    minutes, about 20 minutes to about 35 minutes, about 20 minutes to    about 40 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 45 minutes, about 20    minutes to about 50 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 55 minutes,    about 20 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 70    minutes, about 20 minutes to about 80 minutes, about 20 minutes to    about 90 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 20    minutes to about 110 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 120 minutes,    about 25 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 35    minutes, about 25 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 25 minutes to    about 45 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 25    minutes to about 55 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 60 minutes,    about 25 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 80    minutes, about 25 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 25 minutes to    about 100 minutes, about 25 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 25    minutes to about 120 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 35 minutes,    about 30 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 45    minutes, about 30 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 30 minutes to    about 55 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 30    minutes to about 70 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 80 minutes,    about 30 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 100    minutes, about 30 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 30 minutes to    about 120 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 35    minutes to about 45 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 50 minutes,    about 35 minutes to about 55 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 60    minutes, about 35 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 35 minutes to    about 80 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 35    minutes to about 100 minutes, about 35 minutes to about 110 minutes,    about 35 minutes to about 120 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 45    minutes, about 40 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 40 minutes to    about 55 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 40    minutes to about 70 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 80 minutes,    about 40 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 100    minutes, about 40 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 40 minutes to    about 120 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 50 minutes, about 45    minutes to about 55 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 60 minutes,    about 45 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 80    minutes, about 45 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 45 minutes to    about 100 minutes, about 45 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 45    minutes to about 120 minutes, about 50 minutes to about 55 minutes,    about 50 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 50 minutes to about 70    minutes, about 50 minutes to about 80 minutes, about 50 minutes to    about 90 minutes, about 50 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 50    minutes to about 110 minutes, about 50 minutes to about 120 minutes,    about 55 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 55 minutes to about 70    minutes, about 55 minutes to about 80 minutes, about 55 minutes to    about 90 minutes, about 55 minutes to about 100 minutes, about 55    minutes to about 110 minutes, about 55 minutes to about 120 minutes,    about 60 minutes to about 70 minutes, about 60 minutes to about 80    minutes, about 60 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 60 minutes to    about 100 minutes, about 60 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 60    minutes to about 120 minutes, about 70 minutes to about 80 minutes,    about 70 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 70 minutes to about 100    minutes, about 70 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 70 minutes to    about 120 minutes, about 80 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 80    minutes to about 100 minutes, about 80 minutes to about 110 minutes,    about 80 minutes to about 120 minutes, about 90 minutes to about 100    minutes, about 90 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 90 minutes to    about 120 minutes, about 100 minutes to about 110 minutes, about 100    minutes to about 120 minutes, or about 110 minutes to about 120    minutes.

EXAMPLES

The following non-limiting examples are provided for illustrativepurposes only in order to facilitate a more complete understanding ofrepresentative embodiments now contemplated. These examples should notbe construed to limit any of the embodiments described in the presentspecification, including those pertaining to the compositions, methodsand uses disclosed herein.

Example 1 Compositions

This example illustrates how to formulate a composition disclosedherein. The components listed below were mixed at ambient temperatureusing a high shear mixer until the mixture was uniform. The pH of themixture was adjusted as shown. For hypochlorous acid amounts, unlessindicated otherwise, the amount is the final concentration after mixingwith other components.

TABLE 1 Composition Formulations Component F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6Hypochlorous 84 ppm 84 ppm 84 ppm 97 ppm 97 ppm 97 ppm Acid Poly- — — —0.25% 0.5% 1.0% hexamethylene biguanide Isopropyl — — — — — — AlcoholGlutaraldehyde 0.1% 0.25% 0.5% — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.pH 5.8 6.2 6.25 6.85 6.5 6.7

TABLE 2 Composition Formulations Component F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12Hypochlorous 97 ppm 97 ppm 97 ppm 97 ppm 97 ppm 97 ppm Acid Poly- — — —— — — hexamethylene biguanide Isopropyl — — — — — — AlcoholGlutaraldehyde 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% Sodium Lauryl   2%   2%  2%   2%   2%   2% Sulfate Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. pH 3 4 53.5 4.5 5.5

TABLE 3 Composition Formulations Component F13 F14 F15 F16 F17 F18Hypochlorous 66 ppm 76 ppm 80 ppm 82 ppm 73 ppm 75 ppm Acid Poly- — — —— — — hexamethylene biguanide Isopropyl — — — — — — AlcoholGlutaraldehyde 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% Water q.s. q.s. q.s.q.s. q.s. q.s. pH 3 4 5 3.5 4.5 5.5

TABLE 4 Composition Formulations Component F19 F20 F21 F22 F23 F24Hypochlorous Acid 22 ppm 18 ppm 16 ppm 11 ppm — — Polyhexamethylene1.25% 1.5% 1.75% 2.0% 2.0% 3.0% Biguanide Isopropyl Alcohol — — — —  70% 70% Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. pH5.75 6.6 6.4 6.9 ND ND ND, Not Determined.

TABLE 5 Composition Formulations Component F25 F26 F27 F28 F29 F30Hypochlorous Acid — — — — — — Polyhexamethylene 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10% 0.25%0.5% Biguanide Isopropyl Alcohol  70%  70%  70% 70%   70%  70%Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. pH ND 6.36.4 6.4 ND ND ND, Not Determined.

TABLE 6 Composition Formulations Component F31 F32 F33 F34 F35 F36Hypochlorous Acid — — — — — — Polyhexamethylene 0.75% 1.0% 1.25% 1.5%1.75% 2.0% Biguanide Isopropyl Alcohol   70%  70%   70%  70%   70%  70%Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. pH ND NDND ND ND ND ND, Not Determined.

TABLE 7 Composition Formulations Component F37 F38 F39 F40 F41 F42Hypochlorous 96 ppm 94 ppm 92 ppm 90 ppm 98 ppm 96 ppm Acid Poly- 4.0%6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 2.0% 4.0% hexamethylene Biguanide Isopropyl — — — — — —Alcohol Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.pH ND ND ND ND ND ND ND, Not Determined.

TABLE 8 Composition Formulations Component F43 F44 F45 F46 F47 F48Hypochlorous 94 ppm 92 ppm 90 ppm 46 ppm 58 ppm — Acid Poly- 6.0% 8.0%10.0% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% hexamethylene Biguanide Isopropyl — — — — —  40% Alcohol Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.q.s. pH ND ND ND 6.8 6.5 5.4 ND, Not Determined.

TABLE 9 Composition Formulations Component F49 F50 F51 F52 F53 F54Hypochlorous — — — — 83 ppm 56 ppm Acid Poly- 0.25% 0.01% 0.001% 0.05% —0.01% hexamethylene Biguanide Isopropyl   20%   70%   70%   70% — —Alcohol Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.pH 5.5 5.8 5.8 6.0 6.6 7.4

TABLE 10 Composition Formulations Component F55 F56 F57 F58 F59 F60Hypochlorous Acid — — — — — — Polyhexamethylene 8.0% 9.5% 5.0% 10.0%10.0% 10.0% Biguanide Isopropyl Alcohol  70%  70%  70%   65%   60%  5 0%Glutaraldehyde 2.0% — — — — — ortho-Phthalaldehyde — 0.5% — — — —Benzalkonium — — 5.0%  5.0% — — Chloride Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.q.s. pH 4.0 3.9 7.7 7.3 6.0 6.0

TABLE 11 Composition Formulations Component F61 F62 F63 F64 F65 F66Hypochlorous Acid — — — — — — Polyhexamethylene 10.0% 10.0% 10.0% 10.0% 1%  2% Biguanide Isopropyl Alcohol — — 25.0% 33.33% 50% 50% Ethanol —50.0% 25.0% 16.67% — — Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s.q.s. q.s. q.s. pH ND 6.15 6.38 6.29 6.01 6.19 ND, Not Determined.

TABLE 12 Composition Formulations Component F67 F68 F69 F70 F71 F97Hypochlorous Acid — — — — — 530 ppm* Polyhexamethylene Biguanide  4.0% 6.0%  8.0% 10.0% 10.0% 500 ppm  Isopropyl Alcohol 50.0% — 50.0%   40%30.0% — Ethanol — 50.0% — — — — Cetylpyridinium Chloride — — — — — —Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. pH 6.296.20 6.40 6.34 6.23 2.8 *HOCl concentration prior to mixing.

TABLE 13 Formulations for Composition Component F98 F99 F111 F113 F114F136 Hypochlorous Acid — — —  107 ppm*  281 ppm* — PolyhexamethyleneBiguanide  1%  1% 0.12% 1200 ppm 1200 ppm 10% Isopropyl Alcohol 50% 20%  15% — — 45% Ethanol — — — — — — Cetylpyridinium Chloride — — — — —5.0%  Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s q.s. q.s. pH6.8 6.3 7.60 5.37 3.7 8.29 *HOCl concentration prior to mixing.

TABLE 14 Composition Formulations Component F137 F159 F160 F161 F162F164 Hypochlorous Acid — — — — — — Polyhexamethylene 6.0% 5.0%  10%  10%— — Biguanide Isopropyl Alcohol 50.0%  5.0% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% 50.0% Ethanol— — — — — — Cetylpyridinium Chloride 4.0% 5.0% — —  10%   10%Glutaraldehyde — — — — — — TRITON ® CG-110 — 2.0% 2.0% — —  2.0% Waterq.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. pH 7.8 7.3 7.0 7.3 6.2 5.6

TABLE 15 Composition Formulations Component F165 F166 F167 HypochlorousAcid — — — Polyhexamethylene Biguanide — — 10%  Isopropyl Alcohol  50% —— Ethanol — — — Cetylpyridinium Chloride 6.0% 10%  — Glutaraldehyde — —— TRITON ® CG-110   2% 2% 2% Poloxamer-407 — 2% 2% Water q.s. q.s. q.s.pH 6.1 ND ND ND, Not Determined

Example 2 Spore Viability Assays Using Bacillus subtilis

This example illustrates how to conduct a spore viability assay usingcompositions disclosed herein.

To prepare stock cultures of pathogenic spores, 10 mL nutrient broth wasinoculated using a stock culture of Bacillus subtilis (ATCC #19659) andincubated on an orbital shaker for 24±2 hours at approximately 150 rpmat 36±1° C. This culture was used to inoculate Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA)plates. Each plate was inoculated with 500 μL of broth culture and theinoculum spread with a sterile L spreader. In addition, the purity ofthis culture was verified by streaking on TSA plates and incubatingplates at 36±1° C. for 24±2 hours. Each plate was wrapped with parafilm.inverted and incubated for 12-14 days at 36±1° C. Following incubation,spores were harvested by adding 10 mL cold sterile water to each plate,the growth removed from the plates using a spreader, and the resultingsuspensions were transferred into 15 mL sterile conical tubes. Thesuspensions were centrifuged at 5,000 rpm (4,500×g) for approximately 10minutes at room temperature. After removal of the supernatant, the sporepellet was washed by re-suspending pellet with 10 mL cold sterile waterand centrifuged at 5,000 rpm (4,500×g) for approximately 10 minutes.This washing step was repeated two more times. The spore pellet wasre-suspended with 10 mL sterile water and the spore suspension wasstored at 2-5° C. until needed. The spore suspension was stained usingstain and the spores examined under the microscope to assess quality ofthe spores. A minimum of five fields were examined and the ratio of thespores to vegetative cells (or sporangia) was determined. Percentage ofspores versus vegetative cells were about 95% spores. Spore titer wasdetermined by preparing serial dilutions, plating the dilutions on TSAplates, incubating plates for 24±2 hours at 36±1° C., and counting thenumber of colonies formed to determine the titer. The test culture wasstandardized by using phosphate buffer to achieve a final test culturemicrobe population of 1.0×10⁶ cfu/mL.

Assay samples were set up with or without serum, such as, e.g., TrypticSoy Broth (TSB) or Bovine Serum (BS). The purpose of the serum was tobetter simulate the organic load of blood and other tissue which tendsto deactivate an antimicrobial agent. In general, assays were conductedby first incubating a pathogen spore sample with a composition disclosedherein for a specified treatment time period, optionally with serum, andthen culturing the sample on growth medium to assess spore viability.

In one series of experiments, assays where the samples were treated withserum were set up to contain 100 μL of pathogen spore suspension(containing about 1×10⁶ cfu/mL), 50 μL of serum, and 850 μL of acomposition described in Example 1. For assays where the samples werenot treated with serum, samples contained 100 μL of pathogen sporesuspension (containing about 1×10⁶ cfu/mL) and 900 μL of a compositiondescribed in Example 1. All samples were incubated for 15 minutes andthen plated on petri dishes containing TSA growth medium. The inoculatedplates were then incubated at 37° C. for 48 hours and the number ofbacterial colonies, if any, counted. Please note that while specificamounts and volumes are described, different amounts and volumes can beused. For example, a treated sample can contain 100 μL of pathogen sporesuspension (containing about 1×10⁶ cfu/mL), 500 μL of serum, and 9,400μL of a composition disclosed herein. An untreated sample can contain100 μL of pathogen spore suspension (containing about 1×10⁶ cfu/mL) and9,900 μL of a composition disclosed herein.

The results of this series of experiments are shown in Table 16. Theresults indicate that Composition F4, F6, F13, F14, F42, F45, F80, F83,F88, F89 and F90 show greater potential as a disinfectant forapplications involving hard surfaces, devices, and other apparatuses.Compositions showing no growth in the treated samples were selected forfurther analysis as described in Example 3.

TABLE 16 B. subtilis Spore Viability Assay Treatment IncubationCount^(a) Formulation Time Time No Serum 5% Serum 97 ppm HOCI 15 minutes48 hours 0 >500 0.1% TWEEN ® 80 + 15 minutes 48 hours 43 >500 64 ppmHOCI 0.25% Glutaraldehyde 15 minutes 48 hours >500 >500 0.5%Glutaraldehyde 15 minutes 48 hours >500 >500 F1 15 minutes 48 hours 44339 F2 15 minutes 48 hours 41 >500 F3 15 minutes 48 hours >500 >500 F415 minutes 48 hours 0 0 F6 15 minutes 48 hours 0 0 F13 15 minutes 48hours 0 0 F14 15 minutes 48 hours 0 0 F15 15 minutes 48 hours >500 >500F24 15 minutes 48 hours 0 ND F25 15 minutes 48 hours ND 3 F28 15 minutes48 hours 0 ND F42 15 minutes 48 hours ND 0 F45 15 minutes 48 hours ND 0F78 15 minutes 48 hours 0 >500 F79 15 minutes 48 hours 0 >500 F80 15minutes 48 hours 0 0 F81 15 minutes 48 hours 0 >500 F82 15 minutes 48hours >500 >500 F83 15 minutes 48 hours 0 0 F84 15 minutes 48 hours0 >500 F85 15 minutes 48 hours 0 >500 F86 15 minutes 48 hours 0 >500 F8715 minutes 48 hours 0 >500 F88 15 minutes 48 hours 0 0 F89 15 minutes 48hours 0 0 F90 15 minutes 48 hours 0 0 F91 15 minutes 48 hours 0 >500^(a)Values designated > 500 indicate that there were too many coloniesto count (TMTC), so an estimate of great than 500 was assigned.

Example 3 Spore Viability Assays Using Bacillus subtilis

This example illustrates how to conduct a spore viability assay usingcompositions disclosed herein.

Stock pathogen spore suspensions were prepared as described in Example2.

In one series of experiments, assay samples were prepared as describedin Example 2, except that only treated samples were prepared for eachcomposition, the samples were incubated for 30 minutes, a neutralizingagent was used to inhibit the activity of the microbial agent beingtested, for each treatment period samples were serially diluted 1 in 10over a 6-fold range after treatment using a neutralizing agent, and thetreated sample was plated on petri dishes containing TSA growth medium,incubated at 30° C. to 35° C. for 5 days and the number of bacterialcolonies, if any, counted. The purpose of the neutralizing agent, suchas, e.g., Dey-Engley Broth (DE), was to deactivate an antimicrobialagent like Hypochlorous Acid, Polyhexamethylene Biguanide and/or anotheragent whose activity functions as a cleaner, disinfectant or sterilizer,thereby improving the accuracy of the time point measurement.

The results are presented in Table 17. The results indicate thatComposition F62, F63, F64 and F66 show greater potential as adisinfectant for applications involving hard surfaces, devices and otherapparatuses. Compositions F67, F68, F69, F70 and F71 also showedpotential as a disinfectant for applications involving hard surfaces,devices and other apparatuses.

TABLE 17 B. subtilis Spore Viability Assay Treatment IncubationCount^(a) Formulation Time Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 F62 30 minutes 5 Days 0 0 00 0 52 F63 30 minutes 5 Days 0 0 0 0 20 34 F64 30 minutes 5 Days 0 00 >500 >500 >500 F65 30 minutes 5 Days 0 >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 F66 30minutes 5 Days ND 0 0 0 0 0 F67 30 minutes 5 Days 00 >500 >500 >500 >500 F68 30 minutes 5 Days 0 0 >500 >500 >500 >500 F6930 minutes 5 Days 0 0 >500 >500 >500 >500 F70 30 minutes 5 Days 00 >500 >500 >500 >500 F71 30 minutes 5 Days 0 0 >500 >500 >500 >500 F7230 minutes 5 Days >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 F74 30 minutes 5Days >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 F74 30 minutes 5Days >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 F75 30 minutes 5Days >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 F76 30 minutes 5Days >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 >500 ^(a)Values designated >500 indicatethat there were too many colonies to count (TMTC), so an estimate ofgreat than 500 was assigned. ND, Not Determined.

In another series of experiments, assay samples were prepared asdescribed in Example 2, except that only treated samples were preparedfor each composition, the samples were incubated for 30 minutes, 500 μLof pathogenic spore suspension containing about 5×10⁶ cfu/mL was usedfor Composition F60, a neutralizing agent was used to inhibit theactivity of the microbial agent being tested, for each treatment periodsamples were serially diluted 1 in 10 over a 6-fold range aftertreatment using a neutralizing agent, and the treated sample was platedon petri dishes containing TSA growth medium, incubated at 35° C.±2° C.for 2 days and the number of bacterial colonies, if any, counted.

The results are presented in Table 18. Compositions F28, F136 and F137showed a greater than 6 log-reduction in B. subtilis spore viability andComposition F60 showed a 6 log-reduction in spore viability. The resultsindicate that Compositions F28, F60, F136 and F137 are effectivedisinfectants.

TABLE 18 B. subtilis Spore Viability Assay Treatment IncubationCount^(a) Formulation Time Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 F28 30 minutes 48 hours 0 00 0 0 0 F60 30 minutes 48 hours 0 0 0 0 0 0  F136 30 minutes 48 hours 00 0 0 0 0  F137 30 minutes 48 hours 0 0 0 0 0 0 ^(a)Valuesdesignated >500 indicate that there were too many colonies to count(TMTC), so an estimate of great than 500 was assigned.

Example 4 Stability Experiments

This example illustrates how to conduct composition stability studiesusing compositions disclosed herein.

Stock pathogen spore suspensions were prepared as described in Example2.

In one series of experiments, compositions disclosed herein wereprepared, loaded into a bottle, and stored at room temperature for 6months. Assay samples of the compositions from the stored bottles wereprepared as described in Example 2, except that only treated sampleswere prepared for each composition, the samples were incubated for 30minutes, the pathogen spore suspension contained about 1×10⁸ cfu/mL, aneutralizing agent was used to inhibit the activity of the microbialagent being tested, for each treatment period samples were seriallydiluted 1 in 10 over a 6-fold range after treatment using a neutralizingagent, and the treated sample was plated on petri dishes containing TSAgrowth medium, incubated at 30° C. to 35° C. for 5 days and the numberof bacterial colonies, if any, counted on the second day of incubation.

The results are presented in Table 19. Composition F60 showed a 6log-reduction in B. subtilis spore viability. The results indicate thatComposition F60 is an effective disinfectant and its effectiveness isstable for at least 6 months.

TABLE 19 B. subtilis Spore Viability Assay Treatment IncubationCount^(a) Formulation Time Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 F60 30 minutes 48 hours 0 00 0 0 0 ^(a)Values designated >500 indicate that there were too manycolonies to count (TMTC), so an estimate of great than 500 was assigned.

Example 5 Bacteria Viability Assays Using Clostridium difficile

This example illustrates how to conduct composition stability studiesusing compositions disclosed herein.

Stock pathogen bacteria suspensions of Clostridium difficile wereprepared by a third-party contract laboratory according to standardindustry procedures.

In one series of experiments, assay samples of the compositions wereprepared as described in Example 2, except that only treated sampleswere prepared for each composition, the samples were incubated for 1minute, a neutralizing agent was used to inhibit the activity of themicrobial agent being tested, for each treatment period samples wereserially diluted 1 in 10 over a 6-fold range after treatment using aneutralizing agent, and the treated sample was plated on petri dishescontaining TSA growth medium, incubated at 30° C. to 35° C. for 2 daysand the number of bacterial colonies, if any, counted.

The results are presented in Table 20. Composition F60 showed a 6.0 logreduction in C. difficile viability. The results indicate thatComposition F60 is an effective disinfectant against C. difficilebacteria as well as B. subtilis spores.

TABLE 20 C. difficile Bacteria Viability Assay Treatment IncubationCount^(a) Formulation Time Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 F60 1 minute 48 hours 0 0 00 0 0 ^(a)Values designated >500 indicate that there were too manycolonies to count (TMTC), so an estimate of great than 500 was assigned.

Example 6 Disinfection of Medical Device

Stock pathogen spore suspensions were prepared as described in Example2.

A test assay was set up by placing an endoscope into a sterile containerinside a biosafety cabinet and inoculating this device with 4.0 mL of atest inoculum solution comprising 1×10⁶ cfu/mL of the pathogenic sporesuspension along the 5% organic soil was used to simulate the level ofcontamination of endoscope in clinical use. The soiled endoscope wasthen removed from test inoculum solution and air-dried for one hour. Thesoiled device was then transferred to a sterile plastic container insidea biosafety cabinet and cleaned with Composition F60 (see Example 1).After the cleaning process, the cleaned device was transferred to asterile plastic container inside a biosafety cabinet and was extractedwith sterile water. The extracted water was filtered through a 0.45 ummembrane filter. The filter was then used to inoculate a 9 mL culturebroth. Two, 10-fold dilutions were then prepared from the inoculatebroth, except that the last dilution was in TSM-B broth. Each extractedsolution was incubated for 14 days at 30-35° C. Visual turbidity wasobserved and compared to both negative and positive controls. Forpositive controls, the soiled device was not cleaned with a testformulation or any other disinfectant but underwent the extractionprocess. For negative controls, 1) the device was incubated in a controlinoculum solution that was identical to the test inoculum solution,except that the solution lacked a pathogenic spore suspension and theorganic soil; and 2) the device was left uncoiled and underwent the samecleaning and extraction process as the test device.

Composition F60 showed a 6 log-reduction in B. subtilis spore viability.The results indicate that formulation F60 did effectively disinfect aninoculated device at an exposure time of no more than 30 minutes.

In closing, it is to be understood that although aspects of the presentspecification are highlighted by referring to specific embodiments, oneskilled in the art will readily appreciate that these disclosedembodiments are only illustrative of the principles of the subjectmatter disclosed herein. Therefore, it should be understood that thedisclosed subject matter is in no way limited to a particular compound,composition, article, apparatus, methodology, protocol, and/or reagent,etc., described herein, unless expressly stated as such. In addition,those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that certain changes,modifications, permutations, alterations, additions, subtractions andsub-combinations thereof can be made in accordance with the teachingsherein without departing from the spirit of the present specification.It is therefore intended that the following appended claims and claimshereafter introduced are interpreted to include all such changes,modifications, permutations, alterations, additions, subtractions andsub-combinations as are within their true spirit and scope.

Certain embodiments of the present invention are described herein,including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out theinvention. Of course, variations on these described embodiments willbecome apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading theforegoing description. The inventor expects skilled artisans to employsuch variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend for the presentinvention to be practiced otherwise than specifically described herein.Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications and equivalentsof the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permittedby applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-describedembodiments in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by theinvention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearlycontradicted by context.

Groupings of alternative embodiments, elements, or steps of the presentinvention are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member maybe referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with othergroup members disclosed herein. It is anticipated that one or moremembers of a group may be included in, or deleted from, a group forreasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion ordeletion occurs, the specification is deemed to contain the group asmodified thus fulfilling the written description of all Markush groupsused in the appended claims.

Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing a characteristic,item, quantity, parameter, property, term, and so forth used in thepresent specification and claims are to be understood as being modifiedin all instances by the term “about.” As used herein, the term “about”means that the characteristic, item, quantity, parameter, property, orterm so qualified encompasses a range of plus or minus ten percent aboveand below the value of the stated characteristic, item, quantity,parameter, property, or term. Accordingly, unless indicated to thecontrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification andattached claims are approximations that may vary. For instance, as massspectrometry instruments can vary slightly in determining the mass of agiven analyte, the term “about” in the context of the mass of an ion orthe mass/charge ratio of an ion refers to +/−0.50 atomic mass unit. Atthe very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of thedoctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numericalindication should at least be construed in light of the number ofreported significant digits and by applying ordinary roundingtechniques.

Use of the terms “may” or “can” in reference to an embodiment or aspectof an embodiment also carries with it the alternative meaning of “maynot” or “cannot.” As such, if the present specification discloses thatan embodiment or an aspect of an embodiment may be or can be included aspart of the inventive subject matter, then the negative limitation orexclusionary proviso is also explicitly meant, meaning that anembodiment or an aspect of an embodiment may not be or cannot beincluded as part of the inventive subject matter. In a similar manner,use of the term “optionally” in reference to an embodiment or aspect ofan embodiment means that such embodiment or aspect of the embodiment maybe included as part of the inventive subject matter or may not beincluded as part of the inventive subject matter. Whether such anegative limitation or exclusionary proviso applies will be based onwhether the negative limitation or exclusionary proviso is recited inthe claimed subject matter.

Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and values setting forth thebroad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical rangesand values set forth in the specific examples are reported as preciselyas possible. Any numerical range or value, however, inherently containscertain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation foundin their respective testing measurements. Recitation of numerical rangesof values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method ofreferring individually to each separate numerical value falling withinthe range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value of anumerical range is incorporated into the present specification as if itwere individually recited herein.

The terms “a,” “an,” “the” and similar references used in the context ofdescribing the present invention (especially in the context of thefollowing claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and theplural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted bycontext. Further, ordinal indicators—such as “first,” “second,” “third,”etc.—for identified elements are used to distinguish between theelements, and do not indicate or imply a required or limited number ofsuch elements, and do not indicate a particular position or order ofsuch elements unless otherwise specifically stated. All methodsdescribed herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwiseindicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The useof any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”)provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the presentinvention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the inventionotherwise claimed. No language in the present specification should beconstrued as indicating any non-claimed element essential to thepractice of the invention.

When used in the claims, whether as filed or added per amendment, theopen-ended transitional term “comprising” (and equivalent open-endedtransitional phrases thereof like including, containing and having)encompasses all the expressly recited elements, limitations, stepsand/or features alone or in combination with unrecited subject matter;the named elements, limitations and/or features are essential, but otherunnamed elements, limitations and/or features may be added and stillform a construct within the scope of the claim. Specific embodimentsdisclosed herein may be further limited in the claims using theclosed-ended transitional phrases “consisting of” or “consistingessentially of” in lieu of or as an amended for “comprising.” When usedin the claims, whether as filed or added per amendment, the closed-endedtransitional phrase “consisting of” excludes any element, limitation,step, or feature not expressly recited in the claims. The closed-endedtransitional phrase “consisting essentially of” limits the scope of aclaim to the expressly recited elements, limitations, steps and/orfeatures and any other elements, limitations, steps and/or features thatdo not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of theclaimed subject matter. Thus, the meaning of the open-ended transitionalphrase “comprising” is being defined as encompassing all thespecifically recited elements, limitations, steps and/or features aswell as any optional, additional unspecified ones. The meaning of theclosed-ended transitional phrase “consisting of” is being defined asonly including those elements, limitations, steps and/or featuresspecifically recited in the claim whereas the meaning of theclosed-ended transitional phrase “consisting essentially of” is beingdefined as only including those elements, limitations, steps and/orfeatures specifically recited in the claim and those elements,limitations, steps and/or features that do not materially affect thebasic and novel characteristic(s) of the claimed subject matter.Therefore, the open-ended transitional phrase “comprising” (andequivalent open-ended transitional phrases thereof) includes within itsmeaning, as a limiting case, claimed subject matter specified by theclosed-ended transitional phrases “consisting of” or “consistingessentially of.” As such embodiments described herein or so claimed withthe phrase “comprising” are expressly or inherently unambiguouslydescribed, enabled and supported herein for the phrases “consistingessentially of” and “consisting of.”

All patents, patent publications, and other publications referenced andidentified in the present specification are individually and expresslyincorporated herein by reference in their entirety for the purpose ofdescribing and disclosing, for example, the compositions andmethodologies described in such publications that might be used inconnection with the present invention. These publications are providedsolely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the presentapplication. Nothing in this regard should be construed as an admissionthat the inventors are not entitled to antedate such disclosure byvirtue of prior invention or for any other reason. All statements as tothe date or representation as to the contents of these documents isbased on the information available to the applicants and does notconstitute any admission as to the correctness of the dates or contentsof these documents.

Lastly, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describingparticular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope ofthe present invention, which is defined solely by the claims.Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to that precisely asshown and described.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A composition consisting of about 6% toabout 15% by weight of the composition of a polyhexamethylene biguanide,about 35% to about 70% by weight of isopropanol, about 2% to about 10%of cetylpyridinium chloride, and water.
 2. The composition according toclaim 1, wherein the polyhexamethylene biguanide is in an amount ofabout 4% to about 12% by weight of the composition.
 3. The compositionaccording to claim 2, wherein the polyhexamethylene biguanide is in anamount of about 6% to about 10% by weight of the composition.
 4. Thecomposition according to cam 1, wherein the polyhexamethylene biguanideis in an amount of at most 14% by weight of the composition.
 5. Thecomposition according to claim 4, wherein the polyhexamethylenebiguanide is in an amount of about 7% to about 13% by weight of thecomposition.
 6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein thepolyhexamethylene biguanide is in an amount of about 8% to about 12% byweight of the composition.
 7. The composition according to claim 6,wherein the polyhexamethylene biguanide is in an amount of about 9% toabout 11% by weight of the composition.
 8. The composition according toclaim 7, wherein the polyhexamethylene biguanide is in an amount ofabout 10% by weight of the composition.
 9. The composition according toclaim 1, wherein the isopropanol is in an amount of about 35% to about55% by weight of the composition.
 10. The composition according to claim1, wherein the isopropanol is in an amount of about 45% to about 60% byweight of the composition.
 11. The composition according to claim 10,wherein the isopropanol is in an amount of at most 55% by weight of thecomposition.
 12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein theisopropanol is in an amount of about 37% to about 53% by weight of thecomposition.
 13. The composition according to claim 12, wherein theisopropanol is in an amount of about 40% to about 50% by weight of thecomposition.
 14. The composition according to claim 13, wherein theisopropanol is in an amount of about 42% to about 48% by weight of thecomposition.
 15. The composition according to claim 14, wherein theisopropanol is in an amount of about 45% by weight of the composition.16. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the cetylpyridiniumchloride is in an amount of about 2% to about 7% by weight of thecomposition.
 17. The composition according to claim 16, wherein thecetylpyridinium chloride is in an amount of about 5% by weight of thecomposition.
 18. The composition according to claim 1, having a pH of 5to
 9. 19. A composition consisting of about 8% to about 12% by weight ofthe composition of a polyhexamethylene biguanide, about 40% to about 50%by weight of isopropanol, about 2% to about 7% of cetylpyridiniumchloride, and water and having a pH of 5 to
 9. 20. A compositionconsisting of about 10% by weight of the composition of apolyhexamethylene biguanide, about 45% by weight of isopropanol, about5% of cetylpyridinium chloride, and water and having a pH of 5 to 9.